BS ISO 18913-2012 Imaging materials Permanence Vocabulary《成像材料 持久性 词汇表》.pdf

1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 18913:2012Imaging materials Permanence VocabularyBS ISO 18913:2012 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 18913:2012. Itsup

2、ersedes BS ISO 18913:2003 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee CPW/42, Photography.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary

3、provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2012. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2012ISBN 978 0 580 68306 0ICS 01.040.37; 37.040.01Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standar

4、d was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 June 2012.Amendments issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dBS ISO 18913:2012Reference numberISO 18913:2012(E)ISO 2012INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO18913Second edition2012-06-01Imaging materials Permanen

5、ce Vocabulary Matriaux pour image Permanence Vocabulaire BS ISO 18913:2012ISO 18913:2012(E) COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2012 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, includin

6、g photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published

7、in Switzerland ii ISO 2012 All rights reservedBS ISO 18913:2012ISO 18913:2012(E) ISO 2012 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction . v 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Terms and definitions . 1 Bibliography 22 BS ISO 18913:2012ISO 18913:2012(E) iv ISO 2012 All rights reserve

8、dForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a

9、technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matter

10、s of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulat

11、ed to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible

12、 for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 18913 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 42, Photography. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 18913:2003), which has been technically revised. BS ISO 18913:2012ISO 18913:2012(E) ISO 2012 All rights reserved vIntr

13、oduction This International Standard is one of a series dealing with the physical properties and stability of imaging materials. BS ISO 18913:2012BS ISO 18913:2012INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 18913:2012(E) ISO 2012 All rights reserved 1Imaging materials Permanence Vocabulary 1 Scope This International

14、 Standard establishes a vocabulary of terms and definitions used in relation to the permanence of imaging materials, related storage materials and digital storage media. In most cases these terms and definitions are generic and are applicable to the entire imaging industry. For terms and definitions

15、 specific to particular applications, industry standards are applicable. However, in some cases the definition of a term is still evolving and/or is used by different user groups in different ways. In these cases, a definition related to permanence of imaging materials work is given and a note to th

16、is effect is included. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO

17、 5-3, Photography and graphic technology Density measurements Part 3: Spectral conditions ISO 10716, Paper board Determination of alkali reserve ISO 14644-1, Cleanrooms and associated controlled environments Part 1: Classification of air cleanliness by particle concentration ISO 18902, Imaging mater

18、ials Processed imaging materials Albums, framing and storage materials ISO 18906, Imaging materials Photographic films Specifications for safety film 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 abrasion wearing away of a surface by fricti

19、on as a result of rubbing 3.2 absolute humidity mass of water vapour per unit volume of air 3.3 accelerated ageing changes in the characteristics of an image-bearing material that occur when one or more of the environmental factors (such as temperature, light, or air pollutants) is intentionally inc

20、reased above that found in typical use or storage conditions, usually to induce change in a shorter period of time NOTE This is done in order to predict the behaviour of a product under typical storage or display conditions. BS ISO 18913:2012ISO 18913:2012(E) 2 ISO 2012 All rights reserved3.4 accura

21、cy closeness of the agreement between the result of a measurement and a true value of the measurement NOTE 1 Accuracy is a qualitative concept. NOTE 2 The term precision should not be used for accuracy. 3.5 acid-free adhesive mounting adhesive with a cold extraction pH between 7,0 0,2 and 9,5 0,2, a

22、s stipulated in ISO 18902 3.6 acid-free paper or paperboard paper or paperboard with a cold extraction pH between 7,0 0,2 and 9,5 0,2 that is produced in an acid-free process and sized in a neutral or alkaline manner, as stipulated in ISO 18902 3.7 album binder or book structure having front and bac

23、k covers (usually opaque and rigid) in which pages are bound along one edge either by plastic straps, gluing, sewing, metal posts or rings 3.8 albumen plate glass sheet bearing a silver halide/albumen layer which yields a visible image after exposure and processing 3.9 ambient conditions working env

24、ironment NOTE For preservation purposes these may or may not be the same as the storage environment. 3.10 ambrotype plate glass plate collodion positive, i.e. glass sheet bearing a thin silver halide/cellulose nitrate layer which yields a visible image after exposure and processing NOTE The processe

25、d negative silver image appears as a positive when backed by a dark field. 3.11 anti-blocking agent component of a material that provides microscopic bumps on the surface in order to lower contact area, reduce the coefficient of friction and minimize ferrotyping, blocking and the occurrence of Newto

26、ns rings EXAMPLE Talc, silicates or matte beads. 3.12 aperture card card of standard dimensions with one or more openings into which a microfilm frame or frames can be mounted or inserted 3.13 aperture window opening in the flange that is used to facilitate threading of magnetic tape on the hub and

27、inspection of the wind 3.14 archival (deprecated) material that can be expected to preserve images forever, so that such images can be retrieved without significant loss when properly stored NOTE As no such material exists, this is a deprecated term and as such is not to be used in International Sta

28、ndards for imaging materials or in systems specifications. BS ISO 18913:2012ISO 18913:2012(E) ISO 2012 All rights reserved 33.15 Arrhenius plot plot of the logarithm of the time for a given change in a characteristic proportional to the reaction rate (dye loss, tensile strength change, Dminyellowing

29、, etc.) versus the reciprocal of the temperature expressed in Kelvin NOTE The Arrhenius plot can be used to predict behaviour at a temperature lower than that at which a test is run, as described in ISO 189241. 3.16 base support in a recording material on which the image receiving/recording layers o

30、r magnetic layer (and, if necessary, the back layer) are coated 3.17 baseline condition representing a hard copy system (print, optical disc, etc.) at time of manufacture NOTE This is customarily the initial parameter measurement taken prior to any application of stress. The designation is usually t

31、 = 0 for a stress time equal to zero hours. 3.18 blister localized delamination of a multilayer assembly that looks like a bubble 3.19 Block Error Rate BLER ratio of erroneous blocks to total blocks on an optical disc measured at the input of the first (C1) decoder (before any error correction is ap

32、plied) NOTE The more commonly reported value for BLER is the number of erroneous blocks per second measured at the input of the C1-decoder during playback at the standard (1X) data rate. 3.20 blocking sticking together of similar or dissimilar materials in physical contact cf. anti-blocking agent (3

33、.11) 3.21 blue print defect resulting from a drastic reduction in the light stability of the yellow dye in a chromogenic print NOTE A common cause is when a print has been lacquered in a very humid environment or was not thoroughly dried before lacquering. 3.22 brittleness property of a material tha

34、t causes it to crack or break when bent or flexed 3.23 buffered paper or paperboard with alkali reserve (as defined in ISO 10716) that is equivalent to at least 2,0 % mass fraction calcium carbonate (CaCO3) 3.24 can metal or plastic container for a roll of recording material, such as photographic fi

35、lm or magnetic tape BS ISO 18913:2012ISO 18913:2012(E) 4 ISO 2012 All rights reserved3.25 carrier medium upon which information is recorded cf. medium (3.114) 3.26 carton or box outer container that can hold one or more individual units and which may be a fabrication of paper, card stock or plastic

36、3.27 cartridge housing for a roll of recording material, such as photographic film or magnetic tape, wound on a single hub or reel cf. cassette (3.28) NOTE The term cartridge is also used in some cases to describe an ink container. 3.28 cassette housing for a roll of recording material, such as phot

37、ographic film or magnetic tape, whose ends are attached to two hubs or reels cf. cartridge (3.27) 3.29 CD-ROM compact disc read only medium optical disc to which information is transferred during manufacture to certain areas in the compact disc format NOTE The information can be read many times. 3.3

38、0 CD-RW compact disc rewritable recordable optical disc in which information can be recorded to certain areas in the compact disc format NOTE The information can be erased and rerecorded many times. 3.31 cellulose-acetate base base for recording materials composed mainly of cellulose esters of aceti

39、c acid 3.32 cellulose-ester base base for recording materials composed mainly of cellulose esters of acetic, propionic or butyric acid, or mixtures thereof 3.33 class 100 000 clean room controlled environment in which the level of airborne contaminates meets the requirements of ISO 14644-1 3.34 coll

40、odion plate collodion wet plate collodion dry plate glass sheet bearing a thin silver halide/cellulose nitrate layer which yields a visible image after exposure and processing BS ISO 18913:2012ISO 18913:2012(E) ISO 2012 All rights reserved 53.35 colour screen plate glass sheet bearing a colour scree

41、n consisting of dyed elements in contact with a silver halide/gelatine layer which yields a visible image after exposure and processing 3.36 compact disc CD CD-ROM optical disc format on which the information layer is located at one surface of a substrate and the data can be read by an optical beam

42、NOTE Described in IEC 60908. 3.37 compact disc-recordable CD-R recordable optical disc in which information can be recorded to certain areas in compact disc format NOTE 1 Information can be recorded one time and read many times. NOTE 2 The term “compact disc-write once“ (CD-WO) has also been used to

43、 describe this type of disc. 3.38 conditioning exposure of a specimen to air at a given relative humidity and temperature until equilibrium is reached 3.39 conservation examination and analysis, documentation and treatment of library or archive materials, artwork or objects to stabilize them chemica

44、lly or strengthen them physically, prolonging their life in the original form 3.40 container box, can or carton used for storage and shipping of recording materials EXAMPLE The box into which a reel, cassette, cartridge, disc or shell is placed. NOTE Reels, cassettes, cartridges or shells are not co

45、ntainers. 3.41 copy reproduction of the information from a master 3.42 core metal or plastic cylinder on which recording material is wound cf. hub (3.84) 3.43 crazing network of fine cracks on the surface of a print or film usually the result of environmental stresses on the surface layer 3.44 cuppi

46、ng departure of film or paper from physical flatness characterized by the condition where the four corners of a rectangular sheet turn up but the edges do not BS ISO 18913:2012ISO 18913:2012(E) 6 ISO 2012 All rights reserved3.45 curl departure of film, paper or magnetic tape from physical flatness w

47、ith the tendency to curve into a cylindrical shape 3.46 cyan spots defect that results when the ultraviolet absorber in an older technology chromogenic print crystallizes and permits the back-scattering of light 3.47 dark stability ability of a print, negative or transparency to resist fading or sta

48、ining to ambient environmental factors in the absence of light 3.48 daylight filter optical filter or combination of filters that modifies the spectral power distribution of a light source to better represent some defined daylight spectrum 3.49 delamination separation of a laminate into its constitu

49、ent layers 3.50 dew point temperature at which moisture begins to condense on a surface, corresponding to saturation for a given absolute humidity cf. relative humidity (3.163) EXAMPLE The more humid the air, the higher the dew-point temperature. 3.51 differential dimensional change difference between the dimensional changes of the material in the two principal directions (length and width) NOTE Polyester-based films frequently have maximum and minimum dimensional changes in directions other than the len