BS ISO 19472-2006 Machinery for forestry - Winches - Dimensions performance and safety《林业机械 绞车 性能要求》.pdf

1、 g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58performance and safetyICS 65.060.80Machinery for forestry Winches Dimensions, BRITISH STANDARDBS IS

2、O 19472:2006Incorporating corrigendum no. 1BS ISO 19472:2006This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 May 2006 BSI 2007ISBN 0 580 48358 4This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a Amendments issued

3、 since publicationAmd. No. Date Comments17129 Corrigendum No. 129 June 2007 Replacement of Equation (3) in 5.1.2contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.National forewordThis British Standard was pub

4、lished by BSI. It is the UK implementation of ISO 19472:2006, incorporating corrigendum November 2006. It supersedes BS 6385:1996 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee AGE/29, Forestry machinery (excluding tractors).A list of organizations re

5、presented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.Reference numberISO 19472:2006(E)INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO19472First edition2006-03-15Machinery for forestry Winches Dimensions, performance and safety Matriel forestier Treuils Dimensions, performance et scurit BS ISO 19472:20

6、06ii iiiContents Page Foreword iv 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Terms and definitions. 2 4 Symbols . 3 5 Performance requirements 4 5.1 Drum storage capacity . 4 5.2 Line pull, F . 5 5.3 Line speed, v 6 6 Safety requirements . 6 6.1 Mechanical safety . 6 6.2 Drum. 6 6.3 Rope breaking load

7、. 7 6.4 Rope fastening 7 6.5 Brake 7 6.6 Controls . 7 6.7 Overload device 8 6.8 Stability 8 6.9 Moving parts for power transmission of winches. 8 7 Information for use . 8 7.1 Instruction handbook . 8 7.2 Marking 9 7.3 Warnings 9 Bibliography . 10 BS ISO 19472:2006iv Foreword ISO (the International

8、Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been esta

9、blished has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardiza

10、tion. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for votin

11、g. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such

12、patent rights. ISO 19472 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 23, Tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry, Subcommittee SC 15, Machinery for forestry. This first edition of ISO 19472 cancels and replaces ISO 4254-4:1990, ISO 6816:1984 and ISO 6687:1994, of which it constitutes a te

13、chnical revision. BS ISO 19472:20061Machinery for forestry Winches Dimensions, performance and safety 1 Scope This International Standard defines dimensions and specifies performance and safety requirements for winches used in forestry. It is applicable to fixed and detachable winches and their comp

14、onents mounted on mobile and self-propelled forestry machinery such as skidders and forwarders as defined in ISO 6814 and on agricultural tractors used for skidding in forestry operations. It is not applicable to winches used for hoisting operations on cranes, draglines, high lead logging, cable log

15、ging systems or yarding. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. I

16、SO 3457:2003, Earth-moving machinery Guards Definitions and requirements ISO 3600:1996, Tractors, machinery for agriculture and forestry, powered lawn and garden equipment Operators manuals Content and presentation ISO 3767-4:1993, Tractors, machinery for agriculture and forestry, powered lawn and g

17、arden equipment Symbols for operator controls and other displays Part 4: Symbols for forestry machinery ISO 6814:2000, Machinery for forestry Mobile and self-propelled machinery Terms, definitions and classification ISO 8084:2003 Machinery for forestry Operator protective structures Laboratory tests

18、 and performance requirements ISO 9244:1995, Earth-moving machinery Safety signs and hazard pictorials General principles ISO 10968:2004, Earth-moving machinery Operators controls ISO 11684:1995, Tractors, machinery for agriculture and forestry, powered lawn and garden equipment Safety signs and haz

19、ard pictorials General principles ISO 13852:1996 Safety of machinery Safety distances to prevent danger zones being reached by the upper limbs BS ISO 19472:20062 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 barrel diameter A diameter of th

20、e rope drum barrel measured in millimetres See Figure 1. 3.2 flange diameter B diameter of the rope drum flanges measured in millimetres See Figure 1. 3.3 distance between flanges C distance between the flanges of the rope drum measured in millimetres at half the depth of the flange minus the rope c

21、learance distance See Figure 1. 3.4 depth of flange D radial distance from the outside diameter of the rope drum flange to the surface on the rope drum barrel measured in millimetres See Figure 1. 3.5 throat clearance E minimum distance from the barrel of the rope drum to the winch housing at any po

22、int located between the flanges of the rope drum See Figure 1. 3.6 rope clearance distance S distance from the outmost periphery of the winch flange or housing that shall be left free from rope to ensure the rope stays within the drum See Figure 2. BS ISO 19472:20063Figure 1 Basic dimensions of winc

23、h drum 4 Symbols A Barrel diameter, in millimetres (mm) B Flange diameter, in millimetres (mm) C Distance between flanges, in millimetres (mm) D Depth of flange, in millimetres (mm) E Throat clearance, in millimetres (mm) L Rope length, in metres (m) S Rope clearance distance, in millimetres (mm) d

24、Rope diameter, in millimetres (mm) F Line pull, in newtons (N) n Rotational frequency of input shaft, in revolutions per second (r/s) T Torque on winch input shaft, in newton metres (N m) R Total gear reduction between the winch input shaft and the rope drum u Efficiency of total gear reduction betw

25、een input shaft and rope drum at the speed corresponding to the torques used for T v Line speed, in metres per second (m/s) BS ISO 19472:20064 5 Performance requirements 5.1 Drum storage capacity 5.1.1 Rope clearance distance, S The rope clearance distance to be used in the calculations according to

26、 5.1.2 shall be equal to two rope diametres (S = 2d). 5.1.2 Calculations For winches with S built into the portion of the housing extending beyond the rope drum flange, as shown in the example of Figure 2 a), the length of rope in metres that can be stored on the rope drum shall be calculated using

27、Equation (1): ()310LADDCK=+ (1) For all other winches, as shown in the example of Figure 2 b), the length of rope in metres that can be stored on the rope drum, taking S into account, shall be calculated using Equation (2): ()()310L ADS DS CK=+ (2) where, in Equations (1) and (2), K is a factor, fun

28、ction of the diameter, d, of the rope used (see Table 1) and where (3) NOTE The values of K given in Table 1 allow for a normal oversize on cables of 4 %. The formula for calculating K is based on uniform rope winding and will not give correct figures if rope is wound non-uniformly on the rope drum.

29、 a) Winch with drum housing b) Winch without drum housing NOTE The housing material can be either full (360) or partial, with alternative means of ensuring that the rope remains within the drum. Figure 2 Rope clearance distance of winch drum BS ISO 19472:2006()21, 0 4Kd= 5Table 1 Factor K as a funct

30、ion of rope diameter d d K d K8 0,045 4 19 0,008 05 9 0,035 9 20 0,007 26 10 0,029 0 22 0,006 00 11 0,024 0 24 0,005 04 12 0,020 2 26 0,004 30 13 0,017 2 28 0,003 70 14 0,014 8 32 0,002 84 16 0,011 3 35 0,002 37 18 0,008 96 36 0,002 24 38 0,002 01 5.2 Line pull, F Calculate the line pull in newtons

31、using Equations (4) to (6). a) Bare drum line pull 2000 TRuFAd=+(4) b) Full drum line pull For winches with S built into the portion of the housing extending beyond the rope drum flange, as shown in the example of Figure 2 a): 2000 TRuFBd=(5) For all other winches, as shown in example of Figure 2 b)

32、, taking S into account: ()20002TRuFBSd=+(6) The breaking strength of the rope used could be exceeded in the specification for the line pull. In this case, the maximum rated bare drum pull, see c), in relation to the static breaking load of the rope, shall be in accordance with 6.3. c) Maximum rated

33、 bare drum pull Calculate the maximum rated bare drum pull of the winch as specified by the winch manufacturer using Equation (4) under one or a combination of the following conditions: 1) when the torque on the input shaft is influenced by a torque converter, calculate for a stall condition while t

34、he engine is at the full governor control position; 2) when the torque on the input shaft is influenced by the transmission gear ratios, calculate for maximum engine torque with the transmission in the gear, giving the highest line pull; 3) when the torque on the input shaft is influenced by a fixed

35、 gear ratio only, calculate for maximum engine torque. NOTE The total winch pull may be limited by the machine on which the winch is mounted. BS ISO 19472:20066 5.3 Line speed, v Calculate the line speed in metres per second using Equations (7) to (9). NOTE The maximum line speed will be calculated

36、using the maximum available rotational speed at the winch input shaft under no-load conditions and stabilized engine speed. a) Bare drum line speed ()1000nAdvR+= (7) b) Full drum line speed For winches with S built into the portion of the housing extending beyond the rope drum flange, as shown in th

37、e example of Figure 2 a): ()1000nBdvR= (8) For all other winches, as shown in the example of Figure 2 b), taking S into account: ()21000nB SdvR += (9) 6 Safety requirements 6.1 Mechanical safety 6.1.1 Unless otherwise specified in this International Standard, safety distances shall be in accordance

38、with of ISO 13852:1996, Tables 1, 3, 4 or 6. 6.1.2 Where a winch rope passes over an idler pulley, provisions shall be made to retain the rope in the groove of the pulley during slack rope conditions. 6.1.3 If the winch operation controls are located such that the operator can reach rope or drum dur

39、ing powered operations of the winch, the rope and winch shall be guarded up to the idler pulley. 6.1.4 Detachable winches shall be designed for easy and safe attachment and removal, including rigid mounted supports, and with a storage position provided, giving stability from tip-over when the winch

40、is detached. A support for a power take-off (PTO) drive shaft disconnected from the tractor power take-off (PTO) shaft shall be provided to prevent contact with the ground. 6.1.5 Machines equipped with fixed and detachable winches, including those with remote controls or fixed controls, shall have O

41、PS guarding meeting the performance requirements of ISO 8084, protecting the operator while sitting in the drivers seat. 6.1.6 Guards and shields to protect the operator and others from winch components that create hazards during normal operation and servicing shall be in accordance with ISO 3457. 6

42、.2 Drum 6.2.1 The ratio between barrel diameter and rope diameter shall not be less than 8. NOTE It is recognized that for some regional applications higher values are used. BS ISO 19472:200676.2.2 The winch shall be designed to prevent the rope from running off over the flanges if the top layer for

43、 any reason reaches above the flanges. Winches with housings that extend 2d beyond the outmost periphery of the flange or the use of kickers and/or crossbars meet this requirement. 6.3 Rope breaking load The static breaking load of the rope installed on a winch used with a protected operator in the

44、cab shall not be less than 1,4 times the rated line pull of the machine/winch system. For all other applications, use a minimum of twice the rated line pull of the machine/winch system. NOTE The static breaking load of new wire rope is given in ISO 3108 according to size and construction. 6.4 Rope f

45、astening 6.4.1 The drum shall be provided with a device for attaching the rope that is designed to avoid rope damage, especially at the attachment point. This device shall meet the requirements of 6.4.2 to 6.4.4. 6.4.2 The device for attaching the rope to the drum should be of the breakaway anchor t

46、ype so that in the event of the load sliding out of control with the winch in free-spool mode, the rope will disengage from the drum. 6.4.3 The device shall be designed to disengage, without any rope on the drum, at less than 0,3 times the maximum rated bare drum line pull. With three turns of rope

47、around the drum, a traction equal to 1,25 times the maximum rated bare drum pull shall be applied to the rope without any disengaging of the device. 6.4.4 The device shall not disengage automatically when the rope is being manually spooled off the drum. 6.5 Brake 6.5.1 The brake system or equivalent

48、 shall automatically be applied within 1 s when the power to the drum is disconnected. A release mechanism may be included to allow free spooling. 6.5.2 The brake system or equivalent shall hold a load equal to at least 1,25 times the maximum pull of the winch without slippage. 6.5.3 The brake syste

49、m or equivalent shall give smooth stopping and release of the drum for all pull conditions up to and including 1,25 times the maximum rated bare drum line pull. 6.6 Controls 6.6.1 The maximum forces necessary to operate manual controls shall not exceed those given in ISO 10968. Out-of-detent positions such as off-free-spool and returning-from-brake shall have a maximum force of 230 N. 6.6.2 The controls shall be so designed and located as to minimize the pos