BS ISO 20474-1-2017 Earth-moving machinery Safety General requirements《土方机械 安全 一般要求》.pdf

1、Earth-moving machinery SafetyPart 1: General requirementsBS ISO 204741:2017BSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06 ISO 2017Earth-moving machinery Safety Part 1: General requirementsEngins de terrassement Scurit Partie 1: ScuritINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO20474-

2、1Second edition2017-07Reference numberISO 20474-1:2017(E)National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 204741:2017.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee B/513/1, Earth moving machinery (International).A list of organizations represented

3、 on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2017 Published by BSI Standards Limited 2017ISBN 978 0 580 8168

4、5 7ICS 53.100Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 July 2017.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affectedBRITISH STANDARDBS ISO

5、204741:2017 ISO 2017Earth-moving machinery Safety Part 1: General requirementsEngins de terrassement Scurit Partie 1: ScuritINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO20474-1Second edition2017-07Reference numberISO 20474-1:2017(E)BS ISO 204741:2017ISO 20474-1:2017(E)ii ISO 2017 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED

6、DOCUMENT ISO 2017, Published in SwitzerlandAll rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior writ

7、ten permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCh. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, SwitzerlandTel. +41 22 749 01 11Fax +41 22 749 09 47copyrightiso.orgwww.iso.orgBS ISO 204741:201

8、7ISO 20474-1:2017(E)ii ISO 2017 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2017, Published in SwitzerlandAll rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including phot

9、ocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCh. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, SwitzerlandTel. +41 22 74

10、9 01 11Fax +41 22 749 09 47copyrightiso.orgwww.iso.orgISO 20474-1:2017(E)Foreword viIntroduction vii1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 44 Safety requirements and protective measures . 64.1 General . 64.2 Access systems 74.2.1 General requirements 74.2.2 Access to articulate

11、d machines . 74.3 Operators station . 74.3.1 General requirements 74.3.2 Operators station equipped with a cab . 84.3.3 Operator-protective structures . 94.3.4 Falling-object protective structures (FOPS) 104.3.5 Elevating operators station 104.3.6 Replacement of operator protective structure .104.4

12、Seats 104.4.1 Operators seat 104.4.2 Additional seat 104.5 Operators controls and indicators . 114.5.1 General. 114.5.2 Starting and stopping system 114.5.3 Inadvertent activation 114.5.4 Pedals 114.5.5 Emergency attachment lowering . 114.5.6 Uncontrolled motion .124.5.7 Remote control .124.5.8 Visu

13、al displays/control panels, indicators and symbols 124.5.9 Ride-on machine controls accessible from ground level124.5.10 Non-riding machine controls . 124.6 Steering systems . 124.6.1 General. 124.6.2 Wheeled machines 124.6.3 Crawler machines.134.7 Brake systems . 134.8 Visibility . 134.8.1 Operator

14、s field of view . 134.8.2 Lighting, signalling and marking lights, and reflex-reflector devices 134.9 Warning devices and safety signs 134.10 Tyres and rims 144.11 Stability . 144.12 Object handling 144.12.1 Lifting devices for object handling 144.12.2 Lowering control device . 144.13 Noise . 144.13

15、1 Requirements for noise reduction .144.13.2 Noise emission measurement . 144.14 Protective measures and devices . 154.14.1 Contaminated area 154.14.2 Hot parts 154.14.3 Moving parts .154.14.4 Guards 15 ISO 2017 All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS ISO 204741:2017ISO 20474-1:2017(E)4.14.5 Articul

16、ated frame lock 154.14.6 Sharp edges and acute angles 154.14.7 Fenders 154.15 Retrieval, transportation, lifting and towing 164.15.1 Common use . 164.15.2 Retrieval . 164.15.3 Tying-down 164.15.4 Lifting 164.15.5 Off-road towing 164.15.6 Transportation 164.16 Electrical and electronic systems . 164.

17、16.1 General. 164.16.2 Degree of protection 174.16.3 Electrical connections 174.16.4 Over-current protective devices 174.16.5 Batteries . 174.16.6 Battery disconnection 174.16.7 Electrical connectors for auxiliary starting aids174.16.8 Electric sockets for lighting . 174.17 Pressurized systems 184.1

18、7.1 General requirements .184.17.2 Hydraulic lines 184.17.3 Hydraulic hose assemblies . 184.17.4 Air pressure vessels .184.18 Fuel tanks, diesel emission fluid tanks and hydraulic oil tanks .184.18.1 General requirements .184.18.2 Filler openings 184.18.3 Fuel tanks 194.19 Fire protection 194.19.1 F

19、ire resistance .194.19.2 Fire extinguisher .194.20 Attachments . 194.20.1 General. 194.20.2 Identification 194.20.3 Instructions .194.20.4 Quick couplers 194.20.5 Lifting devices .194.21 Maintenance . 204.21.1 General. 204.21.2 Routine maintenance 204.21.3 Support devices .204.21.4 Access to the eng

20、ine compartment . 204.21.5 Tiltable cab support device . 204.22 Underground operation in non-explosive atmosphere.204.23 Rear-mounted winch 214.23.1 Mounting 214.23.2 Controls . 214.23.3 Protection 214.24 Speed limit for non-riding machines 215 Verification of safety requirements .216 Information fo

21、r use .226.1 Safety labels 226.2 Operators manual. 226.3 Machine marking . 22Annex A (informative) List of significant hazards23Annex B (normative) Requirements for elevating operators stations .27iv ISO 2017 All rights reservedBS ISO 204741:2017ISO 20474-1:2017(E)4.14.5 Articulated frame lock 154.1

22、4.6 Sharp edges and acute angles 154.14.7 Fenders 154.15 Retrieval, transportation, lifting and towing 164.15.1 Common use . 164.15.2 Retrieval . 164.15.3 Tying-down 164.15.4 Lifting 164.15.5 Off-road towing 164.15.6 Transportation 164.16 Electrical and electronic systems . 164.16.1 General. 164.16.

23、2 Degree of protection 174.16.3 Electrical connections 174.16.4 Over-current protective devices 174.16.5 Batteries . 174.16.6 Battery disconnection 174.16.7 Electrical connectors for auxiliary starting aids174.16.8 Electric sockets for lighting . 174.17 Pressurized systems 184.17.1 General requireme

24、nts .184.17.2 Hydraulic lines 184.17.3 Hydraulic hose assemblies . 184.17.4 Air pressure vessels .184.18 Fuel tanks, diesel emission fluid tanks and hydraulic oil tanks .184.18.1 General requirements .184.18.2 Filler openings 184.18.3 Fuel tanks 194.19 Fire protection 194.19.1 Fire resistance .194.1

25、9.2 Fire extinguisher .194.20 Attachments . 194.20.1 General. 194.20.2 Identification 194.20.3 Instructions .194.20.4 Quick couplers 194.20.5 Lifting devices .194.21 Maintenance . 204.21.1 General. 204.21.2 Routine maintenance 204.21.3 Support devices .204.21.4 Access to the engine compartment . 204

26、21.5 Tiltable cab support device . 204.22 Underground operation in non-explosive atmosphere.204.23 Rear-mounted winch 214.23.1 Mounting 214.23.2 Controls . 214.23.3 Protection 214.24 Speed limit for non-riding machines 215 Verification of safety requirements .216 Information for use .226.1 Safety l

27、abels 226.2 Operators manual. 226.3 Machine marking . 22Annex A (informative) List of significant hazards23Annex B (normative) Requirements for elevating operators stations .27iv ISO 2017 All rights reserved ISO 20474-1:2017(E)Annex C (normative) Requirements for lifting devices used in object handl

28、ing .29Annex D (normative) Requirements for earth-moving machinery used underground in non-explosive atmospheres .35Bibliography .37 ISO 2017 All rights reserved vBS ISO 204741:2017ISO 20474-1:2017(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of nation

29、al standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. Internatio

30、nal organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended

31、for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso

32、 .org/ directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document wil

33、l be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the mean

34、ing of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www .iso .org/ iso/ foreword .htmlThis document was prepared by Tec

35、hnical Committee ISO/TC 127, Earth-moving machinery, Subcommittee SC 2, Safety, ergonomics and general requirements.This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 20474-1:2008), which has been technically revised with the following changes: normative references have been updated; re

36、ferences to national and regional provisions in the withdrawn ISO/TS 20474-14 have been deleted; new safety requirements and protective measures have been added, including the normative annexes, requirements for elevating operators stations, for lifting devices used in object handling and for earth-

37、moving machinery used underground in non-explosive atmospheres.It is intended to be used in conjunction with the other parts of ISO 20474.A list of all parts in the ISO 20474 series, published under the general title, Earth-moving machinery Safety, can be found on the ISO website.vi ISO 2017 All rig

38、hts reservedBS ISO 204741:2017ISO 20474-1:2017(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each m

39、ember body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International

40、Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different typ

41、es of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not

42、be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).Any trade name used in this document is in

43、formation given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the World Trade Organization

44、 (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www .iso .org/ iso/ foreword .htmlThis document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 127, Earth-moving machinery, Subcommittee SC 2, Safety, ergonomics and general requirements.This second edition cancels and rep

45、laces the first edition (ISO 20474-1:2008), which has been technically revised with the following changes: normative references have been updated; references to national and regional provisions in the withdrawn ISO/TS 20474-14 have been deleted; new safety requirements and protective measures have b

46、een added, including the normative annexes, requirements for elevating operators stations, for lifting devices used in object handling and for earth-moving machinery used underground in non-explosive atmospheres.It is intended to be used in conjunction with the other parts of ISO 20474.A list of all

47、 parts in the ISO 20474 series, published under the general title, Earth-moving machinery Safety, can be found on the ISO website.vi ISO 2017 All rights reserved ISO 20474-1:2017(E)IntroductionThis document is a type-C standard as stated in ISO 12100.The machinery concerned and the extent to which h

48、azards, hazardous situations or hazardous events are covered are indicated in the Scope of this document.When requirements of this type-C standard are different from those which are stated in type-A or B standards, the requirements of this type-C standard take precedence over the requirements of the

49、 other standards for machines that have been designed and built according to the requirements of this type-C standard.ISO 20474 provides acceptable safety requirements for earth-moving machinery. This standard does not necessarily provide requirements to meet all national and regional regulatory provisions, e.g. Japan does not allow object handling with earth-moving machinery. ISO 2017 All rights reserved viiBS ISO 204741:2017BS ISO 204741:2017Earth-moving machinery Safety Part 1: Gene