BS ISO 20474-3-2017 Earth-moving machinery Safety Requirements for loaders《土方机械 安全 装载机要求》.pdf

1、Earth-moving machinery Safety Part 3: Requirements for loadersBS ISO 204743:2017BSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06 ISO 2017Earth-moving machinery Safety Part 3: Requirements for loadersEngins de terrassement Scurit Partie 3: Exigences applicables aux ch

2、argeusesINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO20474-3Second edition2017-07Reference numberISO 20474-3:2017(E)National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 204743:2017.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee B/513/1, Earth moving machinery (Internation

3、al).A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2017 Published by BSI St

4、andards Limited 2017ISBN 978 0 580 81686 4ICS 53.100Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 July 2017.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDa

5、te Text affectedBRITISH STANDARDBS ISO 204743:2017 ISO 2017Earth-moving machinery Safety Part 3: Requirements for loadersEngins de terrassement Scurit Partie 3: Exigences applicables aux chargeusesINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO20474-3Second edition2017-07Reference numberISO 20474-3:2017(E)BS ISO 204743:2

6、017ISO 20474-3:2017(E)ii ISO 2017 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2017, Published in SwitzerlandAll rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including ph

7、otocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCh. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, SwitzerlandTel. +41 22

8、749 01 11Fax +41 22 749 09 47copyrightiso.orgwww.iso.orgBS ISO 204743:2017ISO 20474-3:2017(E)ii ISO 2017 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2017, Published in SwitzerlandAll rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherw

9、ise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCh.

10、 de Blandonnet 8 CP 401CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, SwitzerlandTel. +41 22 749 01 11Fax +41 22 749 09 47copyrightiso.orgwww.iso.orgISO 20474-3:2017(E)Foreword ivIntroduction v1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 14 Safety requirements and protective measures . 24.1 General . 24.2

11、 Rear windows 24.3 Protection 24.3.1 Operators controls and indicators 24.3.2 Guarding for loaders . 34.4 Stability 34.4.1 General requirements 34.4.2 Bucket application 34.4.3 Fork application 34.4.4 Log handling application 44.4.5 Single heavy object (non-palletized, single heavy object) applicati

12、on 44.4.6 Object handling application . 54.4.7 Other applications 55 Information for use 5Annex A (informative) Illustrations. 6Bibliography 9 ISO 2017 All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS ISO 204743:2017ISO 20474-3:2017(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a world

13、wide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on t

14、hat committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this doc

15、ument and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directi

16、ves, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the develo

17、pment of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the voluntary natu

18、re of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www .iso .org/ iso/ foreword .htmlThis doc

19、ument was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 127, Earth-moving machinery, Subcommittee SC 2, Safety, ergonomics and general requirements.This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 20474-3:2008), which has been technically revised with the following changes: normative referen

20、ces have been updated; references to national and regional provisions in the withdrawn ISO/TS 20474-14 have been deleted; stability requirements have been added.It is intended to be used in conjunction with ISO 20474-1.A list of all parts in the ISO 20474 series, published under the general title, E

21、arth-moving machinery Safety, can be found on the ISO website.iv ISO 2017 All rights reservedBS ISO 204743:2017ISO 20474-3:2017(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing Interna

22、tional Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with

23、ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, P

24、art 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of

25、the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations

26、 received (see www .iso .org/ patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assess

27、ment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www .iso .org/ iso/ foreword .htmlThis document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 127, Earth-moving machinery, Subcommittee SC 2

28、, Safety, ergonomics and general requirements.This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 20474-3:2008), which has been technically revised with the following changes: normative references have been updated; references to national and regional provisions in the withdrawn ISO/TS 2

29、0474-14 have been deleted; stability requirements have been added.It is intended to be used in conjunction with ISO 20474-1.A list of all parts in the ISO 20474 series, published under the general title, Earth-moving machinery Safety, can be found on the ISO website.iv ISO 2017 All rights reserved I

30、SO 20474-3:2017(E)IntroductionThis document is a type-C standard as stated in ISO 12100.The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events are covered are indicated in the Scope of this document.When requirements of this type-C standard are different fr

31、om those which are stated in type-A or B standards, the requirements of this type-C standard take precedence over the requirements of the other standards for machines that have been designed and built according to the requirements of this type-C standard.ISO 20474 provides acceptable safety requirem

32、ents for earth-moving machinery. This standard does not necessarily provide requirements to meet all national and regional regulatory provisions, e.g. Japan does not allow object handling with earth-moving machinery. ISO 2017 All rights reserved vBS ISO 204743:2017BS ISO 204743:2017Earth-moving mach

33、inery Safety Part 3: Requirements for loaders1 ScopeThis document gives the safety requirements specific to loaders as defined in ISO 6165. It is intended to be used in conjunction with ISO 20474-1, which specifies general safety requirements common to two or more earth-moving machine families. The

34、specific requirements given in this document take precedence over the general requirements of ISO 20474-1.This document deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to the earth-moving machinery within its scope (see ISO 20474-1:2017, Annex A) when used as intended or

35、 under conditions of misuse reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer. It specifies the appropriate technical measures for eliminating or reducing risks arising from relevant hazards, hazardous situations or events during commissioning, operation and maintenance.This document is not applicable to m

36、achines manufactured before the date of its publication.2 Normative referencesThe following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, t

37、he latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 2330, Fork-lift trucks Fork arms Technical characteristics and testingISO 5353, Earth-moving machinery, and tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry Seat index pointISO 6016, Earth-moving machinery Methods

38、 of measuring the masses of whole machines, their equipment and componentsISO 6165, Earth-moving machinery Basic types Identification and terms and definitionsISO 7131, Earth-moving machinery Loaders Terminology and commercial specificationsISO 7546, Earth-moving machinery Loader and front loading e

39、xcavator buckets Volumetric ratingsISO 14397-1:2007, Earth-moving machinery Loaders and backhoe loaders Part 1: Calculation of rated operating capacity and test method for verifying calculated tipping loadISO 20474-1:2017, Earth-moving machinery Safety Part 1: General requirements3 Terms and definit

40、ionsFor the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 20474-1, ISO 6165 and ISO 7131, and the following apply.ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses: ISO Online browsing platform: available at h t t p :/ www .iso .o

41、rg/ obp IEC Electropedia: available at h t t p :/ www .electropedia .org/ INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 20474-3:2017(E) ISO 2017 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 204743:2017ISO 20474-3:2017(E)3.1loaderself-propelled crawler or wheeled machine having front-mounted equipment primarily designed for loading ope

42、ration (bucket use), which loads or excavates through forward motion of the machineNote 1 to entry: A loader work cycle normally comprises filling, elevating, transporting and discharging material.Note 2 to entry: Derivative machinery: loaders can also be used for derivative applications (see ISO 20

43、474-1:2017, 3.1. 2).Note 3 to entry: See Annex A for examples of different types of loader.3.2compact loaderloader (3.1) having an operating mass as defined in ISO 6016 of 4 500 kg or less for wheeled loaders and 6 000 kg or less for crawler loaders, designed to work in areas with limited space, wit

44、h the associated need for greater manoeuvrabilitySOURCE: ISO 6165:2012, 4.2.33.3skid steer loaderloader (3.1) normally having an operator station between or to the side of the attachment-supporting structure and steered by using variation of speed, and/or direction of rotation between traction drive

45、s on the opposite sides of a machine having fixed axles on wheels or tracksSOURCE: ISO 6165:2012, 4.2.23.4swing loaderloader (3.1) having a swing-type lift arm which can rotate to the left and the right of the straight positionNote 1 to entry: A swing loader work cycle is similar to a loader cycle,

46、but additional work can be done with the equipment offset from the longitudinal axis of the machine.SOURCE: ISO 6165:2012, 4.2.14 Safety requirements and protective measures4.1 GeneralLoaders shall comply with the safety requirements and protective measures of ISO 20474-1, in as far as those are not

47、 modified by the specific requirements of this clause.4.2 Rear windowsThe rear window of loaders, except for compact loaders, shall be fitted with a motorised wiper and washer.4.3 Protection4.3.1 Operators controls and indicatorsISO 20474-1:2017, 4.5, shall apply, with the following addition for com

48、pact loaders with front access.Controls for lifting and lowering the loader linkage, machine movement and hydraulically controlled attachments (e.g. multi-purpose bucket) shall be either automatically mechanically secured (e.g. by a safety bar) or automatically deactivated when the operator leaves/e

49、nters the operators compartment.2 ISO 2017 All rights reservedBS ISO 204743:2017ISO 20474-3:2017(E)3.1loaderself-propelled crawler or wheeled machine having front-mounted equipment primarily designed for loading operation (bucket use), which loads or excavates through forward motion of the machineNote 1 to entry: A loader work cycle normally comprises filling, elevating, transporting and discharging material.Note 2 to entry: Derivative machinery: loaders can also be