BS ISO 20474-4-2017 Earth-moving machinery Safety Requirements for backhoe loaders《土方机械 安全 反铲装载机要求》.pdf

1、Earth-moving machinery SafetyPart 4: Requirements for backhoe loadersBS ISO 20474-4:2017BSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06 ISO 2017Earth-moving machinery Safety Part 4: Requirements for backhoe loadersEngins de terrassement Scurit Partie 4: Exigences ap

2、plicables aux chargeuses-pelleteusesINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO20474-4Second edition2017-07Reference numberISO 20474-4:2017(E)National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 20474-4:2017.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee B/513/1, Earth

3、moving machinery (International).A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institu

4、tion 2017 Published by BSI Standards Limited 2017ISBN 978 0 580 81823 3ICS 53.100Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 July 2017.Amendments/corrigen

5、da issued since publicationDate Text affectedBRITISH STANDARDBS ISO 20474-4:2017 ISO 2017Earth-moving machinery Safety Part 4: Requirements for backhoe loadersEngins de terrassement Scurit Partie 4: Exigences applicables aux chargeuses-pelleteusesINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO20474-4Second edition2017-07

6、Reference numberISO 20474-4:2017(E)BS ISO 20474-4:2017ISO 20474-4:2017(E)ii ISO 2017 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2017, Published in SwitzerlandAll rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or b

7、y any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCh. de Blandonnet 8 CP

8、401CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, SwitzerlandTel. +41 22 749 01 11Fax +41 22 749 09 47copyrightiso.orgwww.iso.orgBS ISO 20474-4:2017ISO 20474-4:2017(E)ii ISO 2017 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2017, Published in SwitzerlandAll rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of t

9、his publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in

10、the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCh. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, SwitzerlandTel. +41 22 749 01 11Fax +41 22 749 09 47copyrightiso.orgwww.iso.orgISO 20474-4:2017(E)Foreword ivIntroduction v1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 24 Safety requir

11、ements and protective measures . 34.1 General . 34.2 Operators station . 34.2.1 Minimum space envelope . 34.2.2 Operators controls 34.2.3 Operators seat . 34.3 Warning devices . 34.4 Stability 34.4.1 General 34.4.2 Loader portion . 44.4.3 Backhoe portion . 64.5 Travelling and transportation 75 Infor

12、mation for use 7Annex A (normative) Test method for backhoe loader lift capacity at the backhoe portion 8Annex B (informative) Illustrations11Bibliography .13 ISO 2017 All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS ISO 20474-4:2017ISO 20474-4:2017(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardiz

13、ation) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be

14、 represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to

15、 develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of th

16、e ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified

17、during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on t

18、he voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www .iso .org/ iso/ forew

19、ord .htmlThis document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 127, Earth-moving machinery, Subcommittee SC 2, Safety, ergonomics and general requirements.This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 20474-4:2008), which has been technically revised with the following changes:

20、normative references have been updated; references to national and regional provisions in the withdrawn ISO/TS 20474-14 have been deleted; new safety requirements and protective measures have been added.It is intended to be used in conjunction with ISO 20474-1.A list of all parts in the ISO 20474 se

21、ries, published under the general title, Earth-moving machinery Safety, can be found on the ISO website.iv ISO 2017 All rights reservedBS ISO 20474-4:2017ISO 20474-4:2017(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO me

22、mber bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governme

23、ntal and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance

24、 are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).Attentio

25、n is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction an

26、d/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms a

27、nd expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www .iso .org/ iso/ foreword .htmlThis document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 127

28、, Earth-moving machinery, Subcommittee SC 2, Safety, ergonomics and general requirements.This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 20474-4:2008), which has been technically revised with the following changes: normative references have been updated; references to national and re

29、gional provisions in the withdrawn ISO/TS 20474-14 have been deleted; new safety requirements and protective measures have been added.It is intended to be used in conjunction with ISO 20474-1.A list of all parts in the ISO 20474 series, published under the general title, Earth-moving machinery Safet

30、y, can be found on the ISO website.iv ISO 2017 All rights reserved ISO 20474-4:2017(E)IntroductionThis document is a type-C standard as stated in ISO 12100.The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events are covered are indicated in the Scope of this

31、 document.When requirements of this type-C standard are different from those which are stated in type-A or B standards, the requirements of this type-C standard take precedence over the requirements of the other standards for machines that have been designed and built according to the requirements o

32、f this type-C standard.ISO 20474 provides acceptable safety requirements for earth-moving machinery. This standard does not necessarily provide requirements to meet all national and regional regulatory provisions, e.g. Japan does not allow object handling with earth-moving machinery. ISO 2017 All ri

33、ghts reserved vBS ISO 20474-4:2017BS ISO 20474-4:2017Earth-moving machinery Safety Part 4: Requirements for backhoe loaders1 ScopeThis document gives the safety requirements specific to wheeled and crawler backhoe loaders as defined in ISO 6165. It is intended to be used in conjunction with ISO 2047

34、4-1, which specifies general safety requirements common to two or more earth-moving machine families. The specific requirements given in this document take precedence over the general requirements of ISO 20474-1.This document deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events releva

35、nt to the earth-moving machinery within its scope (see ISO 20474-1:2017, Annex A) when used as intended or under conditions of misuse reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer. It specifies the appropriate technical measures for eliminating or reducing risks arising from relevant hazards, hazardous

36、 situations or events during commissioning, operation and maintenance.This document is not applicable to machines manufactured before the date of its publication.2 Normative referencesThe following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requ

37、irements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 2330, Fork-lift trucks Fork arms Technical characteristics and testingISO 6016, Earth-moving machinery Methods

38、 of measuring the masses of whole machines, their equipment and componentsISO 6165, Earth-moving machinery Basic types Identification and terms and definitionsISO 6682, Earth-moving machinery Zones of comfort and reach for controlsISO 7096:2000, Earth-moving machinery Laboratory evaluation of operat

39、or seat vibrationISO 7451, Earth-moving machinery Volumetric ratings for hoe-type and grab-type buckets of hydraulic excavators and backhoe loadersISO 7546, Earth-moving machinery Loader and front loading excavator buckets Volumetric ratingsISO 8643, Earth-moving machinery Hydraulic excavator and ba

40、ckhoe loader boom-lowering control device Requirements and testsISO 9248, Earth-moving machinery Units for dimensions, performance and capacities, and their measurement accuraciesISO 14397-1:2007, Earth-moving machinery Loaders and backhoe loaders Part 1: Calculation of rated operating capacity and

41、test method for verifying calculated tipping loadISO 14397-2, Earth-moving machinery Loaders and backhoe loaders Part 2: Test method for measuring breakout forces and lift capacity to maximum lift heightISO 20474-1:2017, Earth-moving machinery Safety Part 1: General requirementsINTERNATIONAL STANDAR

42、D ISO 20474-4:2017(E) ISO 2017 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 20474-4:2017ISO 20474-4:2017(E)3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 20474-1, ISO 6165 and the following apply.ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardizatio

43、n at the following addresses: ISO Online browsing platform: available at h t t p :/ www .iso .org/ obp IEC Electropedia: available at h t t p :/ www .electropedia .org/ 3.1backhoe loaderself-propelled crawler or wheeled machine having a main frame designed to carry both front-mounted equipment and r

44、ear-mounted backhoe equipment (normally with outriggers or stabilizers)Note 1 to entry: When used in the backhoe mode, the machine is stationary and normally digs below ground level.Note 2 to entry: When used in the loader mode (bucket use), the machine loads through forward motion.Note 3 to entry:

45、A backhoe work cycle normally comprises excavating, elevating, swinging and discharging of material. A loader work cycle normally comprises filling, elevating, transporting and discharging of material.SOURCE: ISO 6165:2012, 4.33.2compact backhoe loaderbackhoe loader (3.1) with an operating mass in a

46、ccordance with ISO 6016 of 4 500 kg or less, designed to work in limited spaces with the associated needs for greater manoeuvrability3.3hydraulic lift capacitymaximum mass that can be lifted in any arm position with the fork in horizontal position limited by the hydraulic circuit working pressure as

47、 defined in ISO 14397-23.4anchorage pointvertical point below the lifting device where the load force is applied or transposed3.5hydraulic holding circuit pressure loadmaximum static pressure in a specific circuit, limited by a relief valve at a flow no greater than 10 % of rated circuit flow3.6tipp

48、ing loadstatic load at the balance point3.7hydraulic lift capacitymaximum load that can be lifted at the bucket hinge pin with any hydraulic circuit activated, limited by the working circuit hydraulic pressure3.8lift point radiushorizontal distance between the bucket hinge pin and the swing pivot ce

49、ntre3.9balance pointpoint at which the moment acting to overturn the machine with a specific load and lift point radius is equal to the moment of the machine available to resist overturning2 ISO 2017 All rights reservedBS ISO 20474-4:2017ISO 20474-4:2017(E)3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 20474-1, ISO 6165 and the following apply.ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the