BS ISO 20474-8-2017 Earth-moving machinery Safety Requirements for graders《土方机械 安全 对平地机的要求》.pdf

1、Earth-moving machinery SafetyPart 8: Requirements for gradersBS ISO 204748:2017BSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06 ISO 2017Earth-moving machinery Safety Part 8: Requirements for gradersEngins de terrassement Scurit Partie 8: Exigences applicables aux niv

2、eleusesINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO20474-8Second edition2017-07Reference numberISO 20474-8:2017(E)National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 204748:2017.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee B/513/1, Earth moving machinery (Internationa

3、l).A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2017 Published by BSI Sta

4、ndards Limited 2017ISBN 978 0 580 81827 1ICS 53.100Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 July 2017.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDat

5、e Text affectedBRITISH STANDARDBS ISO 204748:2017 ISO 2017Earth-moving machinery Safety Part 8: Requirements for gradersEngins de terrassement Scurit Partie 8: Exigences applicables aux niveleusesINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO20474-8Second edition2017-07Reference numberISO 20474-8:2017(E)BS ISO 204748:20

6、17ISO 20474-8:2017(E)ii ISO 2017 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2017, Published in SwitzerlandAll rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including pho

7、tocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCh. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, SwitzerlandTel. +41 22 7

8、49 01 11Fax +41 22 749 09 47copyrightiso.orgwww.iso.orgBS ISO 204748:2017ISO 20474-8:2017(E)ii ISO 2017 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2017, Published in SwitzerlandAll rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwi

9、se in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCh.

10、de Blandonnet 8 CP 401CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, SwitzerlandTel. +41 22 749 01 11Fax +41 22 749 09 47copyrightiso.orgwww.iso.orgISO 20474-8:2017(E)Foreword ivIntroduction v1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 14 Safety requirements and protective measures . 24.1 General . 24.2

11、Operator station . 24.2.1 Operators seat . 24.2.2 Rear windows . 24.3 Fenders 24.4 Steering system 24.4.1 General 24.4.2 Controls 24.4.3 Steering performance test . 24.4.4 Safety requirements for travelling mode 25 Information for use 2Annex A (informative) Illustrations. 4Bibliography 5 ISO 2017 Al

12、l rights reserved iiiContents PageBS ISO 204748:2017ISO 20474-8:2017(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO techni

13、cal committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely w

14、ith the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed

15、 for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent

16、rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).Any trade name used

17、in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the Wo

18、rld Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www .iso .org/ iso/ foreword .htmlThis document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 127, Earth-moving machinery, Subcommittee SC 2, Safety, ergonomics and general requirements.This second e

19、dition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 20474-8:2008), which has been technically revised with the following changes: references to national and regional provisions in the withdrawn ISO/TS 20474-14 have been deleted; new safety requirements and protective measures have been added, includi

20、ng requirements for the operator station. new information-for-use requirements have been added.It is intended to be used in conjunction with ISO 20474-1.A list of all parts in the ISO 20474 series, published under the general title, Earth-moving machinery Safety, can be found on the ISO website.iv I

21、SO 2017 All rights reservedBS ISO 204748:2017ISO 20474-8:2017(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical com

22、mittees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the

23、 International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for th

24、e different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights.

25、 ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).Any trade name used in this

26、 document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the World Tra

27、de Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www .iso .org/ iso/ foreword .htmlThis document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 127, Earth-moving machinery, Subcommittee SC 2, Safety, ergonomics and general requirements.This second edition

28、cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 20474-8:2008), which has been technically revised with the following changes: references to national and regional provisions in the withdrawn ISO/TS 20474-14 have been deleted; new safety requirements and protective measures have been added, including requ

29、irements for the operator station. new information-for-use requirements have been added.It is intended to be used in conjunction with ISO 20474-1.A list of all parts in the ISO 20474 series, published under the general title, Earth-moving machinery Safety, can be found on the ISO website.iv ISO 2017

30、 All rights reserved ISO 20474-8:2017(E)IntroductionThis document is a type-C standard as stated in ISO 12100.The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events are covered are indicated in the Scope of this document.When requirements of this type-C sta

31、ndard are different from those which are stated in type-A or B standards, the requirements of this type-C standard take precedence over the requirements of the other standards for machines that have been designed and built according to the requirements of this type-C standard.ISO 20474 provides acce

32、ptable safety requirements for earth-moving machinery. This standard does not necessarily provide requirements to meet all national and regional regulatory provisions, e.g. Japan does not allow object handling with earth-moving machinery. ISO 2017 All rights reserved vBS ISO 204748:2017BS ISO 204748

33、:2017Earth-moving machinery Safety Part 8: Requirements for graders1 ScopeThis document gives the safety requirements specific to graders as defined in ISO 6165. It is intended to be used in conjunction with ISO 20474-1, which specifies general safety requirements common to two or more earth-moving

34、machine families. The specific requirements given in this document take precedence over the general requirements of ISO 20474-1.This document deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to the earth-moving machinery within its scope (see ISO 20474-1:2017, Annex A) wh

35、en used as intended or under conditions of misuse reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer. It specifies the appropriate technical measures for eliminating or reducing risks arising from relevant hazards, hazardous situations or events during commissioning, operation and maintenance.This document

36、is not applicable to machines manufactured before the date of its publication.2 Normative referencesThe following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For

37、 undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 6165, Earth-moving machinery Basic types Identification and terms and definitionsISO 7134, Earth-moving machinery Graders Terminology and commercial specificationsISO 20474-1:2017, Earth-moving

38、machinery Safety Part 1: General requirements3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 20474-1, ISO 7134, and the following apply.ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses: ISO Online bro

39、wsing platform: available at h t t p :/ www .iso .org/ obp IEC Electropedia: available at h t t p :/ www .electropedia .org/ 3.1graderself-propelled wheeled machine with an adjustable blade positioned between the front and rear axles, which can be equipped with a front-mounted blade or scarifier tha

40、t can also be located between the axlesNote 1 to entry: The machine is primarily designed for grading, sloping, ditching and scarifying of materials through its forward motion.Note 2 to entry: See Annex A for illustrations.SOURCE: ISO 6165:2012, 4.8, modified By adding Note 2.INTERNATIONAL STANDARD

41、ISO 20474-8:2017(E) ISO 2017 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 204748:2017ISO 20474-8:2017(E)4 Safety requirements and protective measures4.1 GeneralGraders shall comply with the safety requirements and protective measures of ISO 20474-1, in as far as those are not modified by the specific requirements of

42、 this clause.4.2 Operator station4.2.1 Operators seatGraders shall be equipped with a suspension seat.4.2.2 Rear windowsISO 20474-1:2017, 4.3.2.7 and 4.3.2.9 shall apply for rear windows, with the following additional provisions: arrangements for defrosting the rear windows shall be made; the rear w

43、indows shall be fitted with a motorized washer and wipers.4.3 FendersISO 20474-1:2017, 4.14.7, shall apply with the exception that front wheels do not require fenders.4.4 Steering system4.4.1 GeneralISO 20474-1:2017, 4.6.1 and 4.6.2 shall apply with the additions given in 4.4.2 and 4.4.3 below.4.4.2

44、 ControlsWheel, articulated and bogie steering shall be actuated by separate controls.4.4.3 Steering performance testISO 20474-1:2017, 4.6.2 shall apply with the following additions: the steering performance test shall be conducted with the front steering system (Ackermann steering system) only; dur

45、ing testing, leaning front wheels and articulated or bogie steering systems shall be kept in the vertical and straight ahead positions respectively.4.4.4 Safety requirements for travelling modeIt shall be possible for the controls of a leaning front wheel system to be mechanically locked in the vert

46、ical position.5 Information for useISO 20474-1:2017, 6.2, shall apply with the following additions: instructions shall be provided on how to use grader steering on public roads;2 ISO 2017 All rights reservedBS ISO 204748:2017ISO 20474-8:2017(E)4 Safety requirements and protective measures4.1 General

47、Graders shall comply with the safety requirements and protective measures of ISO 20474-1, in as far as those are not modified by the specific requirements of this clause.4.2 Operator station4.2.1 Operators seatGraders shall be equipped with a suspension seat.4.2.2 Rear windowsISO 20474-1:2017, 4.3.2

48、.7 and 4.3.2.9 shall apply for rear windows, with the following additional provisions: arrangements for defrosting the rear windows shall be made; the rear windows shall be fitted with a motorized washer and wipers.4.3 FendersISO 20474-1:2017, 4.14.7, shall apply with the exception that front wheels

49、 do not require fenders.4.4 Steering system4.4.1 GeneralISO 20474-1:2017, 4.6.1 and 4.6.2 shall apply with the additions given in 4.4.2 and 4.4.3 below.4.4.2 ControlsWheel, articulated and bogie steering shall be actuated by separate controls.4.4.3 Steering performance testISO 20474-1:2017, 4.6.2 shall apply with the following additions: the steering performance test shall be conducted with the front steering system (Ackermann steering system) only; during testing, leaning fr