BS ISO 230-7-2015 Test code for machine tools Geometric accuracy of axes of rotation《机床检验通则 旋转轴的几何精度》.pdf

1、BS ISO 230-7:2015Incorporating corrigendum April 2017BS ISO 230-7:2015Test code for machine toolsPart 7: Geometric accuracy of axes ofrotationBSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06BS ISO 230-7:2015 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is t

2、he UK implementation of ISO 230-7:2015. It supersedes BS ISO 230-7:2006 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee MTE/1, Machine tools, to subcommittee MTE/1/2, Machine tools - Accuracy.A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can

3、 be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2017. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2017ISBN 978 0 580 97680 3ICS 25.080.01Compl

4、iance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 May 2015.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affected30 April 2017 Implementation of ISO correc

5、ted text 15 July 2015: Missing formulas added ISO 2015Test code for machine tools Part 7: Geometric accuracy of axes of rotationCode dessai des machines-outils Partie 7: Exactitude gomtrique des axes de rotationINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO230-7Second edition2015-05-15Reference numberISO 230-7:2015(E)Co

6、rrected version2015-07-15ISO 230-7:2015(E)ii ISO 2015 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2015, Published in SwitzerlandAll rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mech

7、anical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCh. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Swi

8、tzerlandTel. +41 22 749 01 11Fax +41 22 749 09 47copyrightiso.orgwww.iso.orgBS ISO 230-7:2015ISO 230-7:2015(E)Foreword vIntroduction vi1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 23.1 General concepts . 23.2 Error motion terms . 63.3 Consequences of axis of rotation error motion 83.

9、4 Directional decomposition of axis of rotation error motion 103.5 Decomposition of measured axis of rotation error motion based on rotational frequency 113.6 Terms for axis of rotation error motion polar plots 123.7 Terms for axis of rotation error motion polar plot centres .143.8 Terms for axis of

10、 rotation error motion values 153.9 Terms for structural error motion 173.10 Terms for axis shift . 174 Preliminary remarks 184.1 Measuring units . 184.2 Reference to ISO 230-1 . 184.3 Recommended instrumentation and test equipment 184.4 Environment 194.5 Rotary component to be tested 194.6 Rotary c

11、omponent warm-up 194.7 Structural error motion tests. 194.7.1 General. 194.7.2 Test procedure 194.7.3 Analysis of results 195 Error motion test methods for machine tool spindle units 205.1 General 205.2 Test parameters and specifications 205.3 Spindle axis of rotation tests Rotating sensitive direct

12、ion(s) 205.3.1 General. 205.3.2 Radial error motion 205.3.3 Tilt error motion .235.3.4 Axial error motion .255.4 Spindle tests Fixed sensitive direction . 265.4.1 General. 265.4.2 Test setup 265.4.3 Radial error motion 275.4.4 Axial error motion .295.4.5 Tilt error motion .306 Error motion test meth

13、ods for machine tool rotary tables/heads .316.1 General 316.2 Axial error motion . 316.2.1 Test setup 316.2.2 Test procedure 326.2.3 Data analysis .326.3 Radial error motion . 336.3.1 Test setup 336.3.2 Test procedure 336.3.3 Data analysis for rotating sensitive direction 336.3.4 Data analysis for f

14、ixed sensitive direction 34 ISO 2015 All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS ISO 230-7:2015ISO 230-7:2015(E)6.4 Tilt error motion . 346.4.1 Test setup 346.4.2 Test procedure 346.4.3 Data analysis for rotating sensitive direction 346.4.4 Data analysis for fixed sensitive direction 35Annex A (informati

15、ve) Discussion of general concepts 36Annex B (informative) Elimination of reference sphere roundness error 55Annex C (informative) Terms and definitions for compliance properties of axis of rotation 59Annex D (informative) Terms and definitions for thermally-induced errors associated with rotation o

16、f spindle and rotary tables/heads 60Annex E (informative) Static error motion tests .61Annex F (informative) Measurement uncertainty estimation for axis of rotation tests 62Annex G (informative) Alphabetical cross-reference of terms and definitions 67Annex H (informative) Linear displacement sensor

17、bandwidth and rotational speed 69Bibliography .72iv ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO 230-7:2015ISO 230-7:2015(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards

18、 is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take p

19、art in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In partic

20、ular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of thi

21、s document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.

22、iso.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the

23、WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see the following URL: Foreword Supplementary information .The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 39, Machine tools, Subcommittee SC 2, Test conditions for metal cutting machine tools.This second edition cancels and replaces the

24、 first edition (ISO 2307:2006), which has been technically revised.ISO 230 consists of the following parts, under the general title Test code for machine tools: Part 1: Geometric accuracy of machines operating under no-load or quasi-static conditions Part 2: Determination of accuracy and repeatabili

25、ty of positioning of numerically controlled axes Part 3: Determination of thermal effects Part 4: Circular tests for numerically controlled machine tools Part 5: Determination of the noise emission Part 6: Determination of positioning accuracy on body and face diagonals (Diagonal displacement tests)

26、 Part 7: Geometric accuracy of axes of rotation Part 8: Vibrations Technical Report Part 9: Estimation of measurement uncertainty for machine tool tests according to series ISO 230, basic equations Technical Report Part 10: Determination of the measuring performance of probing systems of numerically

27、 controlled machine tools Part 11: Measuring instruments suitable for machine tool geometry tests Technical Report ISO 2015 All rights reserved vBS ISO 230-7:2015ISO 230-7:2015(E)IntroductionThis International Standard has been revised based on the comments received from industry and academia relate

28、d to the applications of axis of rotation error motions to rotary tables, and other milling and drilling operations where more than one sensitive direction can be of critical importance. In this revision, the terms and definitions were updated and the special cases, where 1st order harmonic of radia

29、l error motion differs in different directions, were addressed. They are also reordered based on a modified structure for better clarifying the general concepts and their applications. The cases where there are multiple sensitive directions as well as the consequence of axis of rotation error motion

30、 in radial location of parts (2D sensitive direction) are described.vi ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO 230-7:2015Test code for machine tools Part 7: Geometric accuracy of axes of rotation1 ScopeThis part of ISO 230 is aimed at standardizing methods of specification and test of the geometric accur

31、acy of axes of rotation used in machine tools. Spindle units, rotary heads, and rotary and swivelling tables of machine tools constitute axes of rotation, all having unintended motions in space as a result of multiple sources of errors.This part of ISO 230 covers the following properties of rotary a

32、xes: axis of rotation error motion; speed-induced axis shifts.The other important properties of rotary axes, such as thermally induced axis shifts and environmental temperature variation-induced axis shifts, are dealt with in ISO 230-3.This part of ISO 230 does not cover the following properties of

33、spindles: angular positioning accuracy (see ISO 230-1 and ISO 230-2); run-out of surfaces and components (see ISO 230-1); tool holder interface specifications; inertial vibration measurements (see ISO/TR 230-8); noise measurements (see ISO 230-5); rotational speed range and accuracy (see ISO 10791-6

34、 and ISO 13041-6); balancing measurements or methods (see ISO 1940-1 and ISO 6103); idle run loss (power loss); thermal effects (see ISO 230-3).2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. F

35、or dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 230-1:2012, Test code for machine tools Part 1: Geometric accuracy of machines operating under no-load or quasi-static conditionsINTERNATI

36、ONAL STANDARD ISO 230-7:2015(E) ISO 2015 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 230-7:2015ISO 230-7:2015(E)3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.NOTE They are presented in this sequence to help the user develop an understanding of the terminology of

37、 axes of rotation. The alphabetical cross-references for these definitions are given in Annex G.3.1 General concepts3.1.1spindle unittool or workpiece carrying device providing a capability to rotate the tool or the workpiece around an axis of rotationNote 1 to entry: A machine tool may have one or

38、more spindle units.3.1.2rotary tableswivelling tablecomponent of a machine tool carrying a workpiece and providing a capability for changing angular orientation of the workpiece around an axis of rotationNote 1 to entry: If a rotary table of a machining centre can be used for turning operations, the

39、 rotary table can be seen as a spindle unit for these operations.3.1.3rotary headswivelling headcomponent of a machine carrying a tool holding spindle unit and providing a capability for changing the angular orientation of the spindle unit around an axis of rotationNote 1 to entry: Sometimes multipl

40、e axes of rotations may be combined in a machine component.3.1.4spindlerotorrotating element of a spindle unit (or rotary table/head)3.1.5spindle housingstatorstationary element of a spindle unit (or rotary table/head)3.1.6bearingelement of a spindle unit (or rotary table/head) that supports the rot

41、or and enables rotation between the rotor and the stator3.1.7axis of rotationline segment about which rotation occursSOURCE: ISO 230-1:2012, 3.5.2Note 1 to entry: See Figure 1 a).Note 2 to entry: In general, during rotation, this line segment translates (in radial and axial directions) and tilts wit

42、hin the reference coordinate frame due to inaccuracies in the bearings and bearing seats structural motion or axis shifts, as shown in Figure 1 a) and b).2 ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO 230-7:2015ISO 230-7:2015(E)3.1.8positive directionin accordance with ISO 841, the direction of a movement tha

43、t causes an increasing positive dimension of the workpiece3.1.9perfect spindle (or rotary table/head)spindle or rotary table/head having no error motion of its axis of rotation relative to its axis average line3.1.10perfect workpiecerigid body having a perfect surface of revolution about a centrelin

44、e3.1.11functional pointcutting tool centre point or point associated with a component on the machine tool where cutting tool would contact the part for the purposes of material removalSOURCE: ISO 230-1:2012, 3.4.23.1.12axis average linestraight line segment located with respect to the reference coor

45、dinate axes representing the mean location of the axis of rotationNote 1 to entry: See Figure 1 a).Note 2 to entry: The axis average line is a useful term to describe changes in location of an axis of rotation in response to load, temperature, or speed changes.Note 3 to entry: Unless otherwise speci

46、fied, the position and orientation of the axis average line should be determined by connecting the calculated least-squares centres of two data sets of radial error motion taken at axially separated locations (see 3.4).Note 4 to entry: ISO 841 defines the Z-axis of a machine as being “parallel to th

47、e principal spindle of the machine”. This implies that the machine Z-axis is parallel to the axis average line of the principal spindle. However, since axis average line definition applies to other spindles and rotary axes as well, in general, not all axes of rotation are parallel to the machine Z-a

48、xis. An axis average line should be parallel to the machine Z-axis only if it is associated with the principal spindle of the machine.3.1.13axis shiftquasi-static relative angular and linear displacement, between the tool side and the workpiece side, of the axis average line due to a change in condi

49、tionsNote 1 to entry: See Figure 1 c).Note 2 to entry: Causes of axis shift include thermal influences, load changes, as well as speed and direction changes. Axis of rotation error motion measurements are carried out over a period of time (number of revolutions) and conditions that avoid axis shift.3.1.14structural loopassembly of components which maintains the relative position and orientation between two specified objects (i.e. between the workpiece and the cutting tool)Note 1 to entry: A typical pair of specif