BS ISO 24253-1-2015 Crop protection equipment Spray deposition test for field crop Measurement in a horizontal plane《作物保护设备 田间作物的喷射沉积试验 水平面上的测量》.pdf

1、BSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 24253-1:2015Crop protection equipment Spray deposition test for fieldcropPart 1: Measurement in a horizontal planeBS ISO 24253-1:2015 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 24253-1:2015. The UK participation in its prepa

2、ration was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee AGE/15, Equipment for crop protection and application of liquid fertilizer.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contr

3、act. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2015.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2015ISBN 978 0 580 77662 5ICS 65.060.40Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the auth

4、ority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 March 2015.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dBS ISO 24253-1:2015 ISO 2015Crop protection equipment Spray deposition test for field crop Part 1: Measurement in a horizontal planeMatriel de protection de

5、s cultures Essais de dpt de la pulvrisation sur les grandes cultures Partie 1: Mesurage dans un plan horizontalINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO24253-1First edition2015-03-15Reference numberISO 24253-1:2015(E)BS ISO 24253-1:2015ISO 24253-1:2015(E)ii ISO 2015 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT I

6、SO 2015All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be re

7、quested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCase postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11Fax + 41 22 749 09 47E-mail copyrightiso.orgWeb www.iso.orgPublished in SwitzerlandBS ISO 24253-1:2015ISO 24253-1:2015(E)Forewor

8、d ivIntroduction v1 Scope . 12 Terms and definitions . 13 Test method . 23.1 Principle 23.2 Test area 23.3 Monitoring of meteorological conditions 23.4 Acceptable meteorological conditions for field measurement of spray deposition 33.5 Tracers 33.6 Collectors . 33.7 Spray liquid 43.8 Soil surface ro

9、ughness 44 Test procedure 44.1 General . 44.2 Comparison with a reference sprayer setup . 54.3 Sampling spray deposition on the ground surface 54.4 Drop distribution/spray coverage . 75 Test report . 75.1 Data relating to the spraying system . 75.1.1 Sprayer working condition . 75.1.2 Sprayer boom 8

10、5.1.3 Nozzles and liquid distribution . 85.1.4 Air flow distribution (for air assisted sprayers) . 85.2 Data relating to the field . 85.3 Data relating to the spray liquid 96 Expression of results 9Annex A (informative) Examples of collectors for spray deposition measurements 10Annex B (informative)

11、 Example of a layout of the collectors and schematic presentation of collector places in the field .11Annex C (informative) Fluorimetry and deposition calculation .13Annex D (informative) Calculations and expression of the spray deposition results 15Annex E (informative) Specifying air assistance on

12、 horizontal boom sprayers .16Annex F (informative) Calculations and expression of the spray distribution results 17Bibliography .19 ISO 2015 All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS ISO 24253-1:2015ISO 24253-1:2015(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide feder

13、ation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that commit

14、tee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and

15、those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part

16、2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the

17、document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms

18、and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary informationThe committee responsible for this document is Technical Committee ISO/TC 23, Tracto

19、rs and machinery for agriculture and forestry, Subcommittee SC 6, Equipment for crop protection.ISO 24253 consists of the following parts, under the general title Crop protection equipment Spray deposition test for field crop: Part 1: Measurement in a horizontal plane Part 2: Measurement in a cropiv

20、 ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO 24253-1:2015ISO 24253-1:2015(E)IntroductionEfficacy of plant protection products (PPP), their safety to the crop and the environment may be much influenced by spraying efficiency. The dose of the active ingredient and its variation that is retained on target surfa

21、ces in a downward directed (boom) spray application such as ground surface need to be measured in a manner that is both accurate and precise.The location, numbers, and sampling structures used to monitor sprayed depositions need to be defined in a standard manner to enable results from different exp

22、eriments to be compared.A test can be set up to quantify or to describe the in-field situation or for machine comparison.A spray system can be compared with a reference system.This International Standard does not deal with the deposition of spray outside the treatment zone, in crop canopy nor that l

23、ost as airborne spray drift. However, the combination of this part of ISO 24253 with the protocol for field measurements of spray drift as given in ISO 228665when measured at the same time may result in a possible evaluation of spray mass balance. On the other hand, its combination with the measurin

24、g of sprayer boom movements in the field (see ISO 141312) can also be used to evaluate the spray deposition and its variation in the field as a result of the boom movement.Spray deposition from horizontal boom sprayers with downward directed application is affected by nozzle parameters, boom height,

25、 boom steadiness, sprayer speed, meteorological conditions, and other sprayer additional devices such as air assistance. These dynamic factors can all be elements of a test to determine the quantity and the variation in spray deposition. ISO 2015 All rights reserved vBS ISO 24253-1:2015BS ISO 24253-

26、1:2015Crop protection equipment Spray deposition test for field crop Part 1: Measurement in a horizontal plane1 ScopeThis part of ISO 24253 specifies field measurements of spray deposition to determine the quantity and distribution of spray in a plane surface area, treated by horizontal boom sprayer

27、s with downward directed application.This part of ISO 24253 allows flexibility in the arrangement of field tests, but specifies standardized measurement procedures that are useful to be able to compare the results from different field experiments or to compare with laboratory tests, such as that des

28、cribed in ISO 5682-2.1This part of ISO 24253 may not be appropriate for those spraying systems which rely on the presence of a crop canopy for efficient deposition (for example directed spraying, electrostatic charged spraying, very fine spraying, variable rate spraying).This International Standard

29、is not intended for use in or for a regulatory framework.2 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.2.1spray dosequantity of active ingredient (PPP or tracer) appliedNote 1 to entry: It is expressed in kg/ha (solids) or l/ha (liquids).2.2spray

30、 volumequantity of sprayed liquid appliedNote 1 to entry: It is expressed in l/ha.2.3spray depositionquantity of spray liquid that is deposited on the collector(s)Note 1 to entry: It can be expressed as absolute amount of spray per unit of area (l/cm2, l/ha) as well as in relative terms as a % of th

31、eoretically applied spray volume or spray dose.2.4collectorartificial target to collect the sprayed liquidNote 1 to entry: Examples of collectors for spray deposition measurements are listed in Annex A.INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 24253-1:2015(E) ISO 2015 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 24253-1:2015ISO 24

32、253-1:2015(E)2.5tracertraceable material representing a plant protection product to quantify spray depositionSOURCE: Adapted from ISO 22522.2.6target areaarea where it is intended to apply spray liquid2.7spray liquidmixture of water, tracer and/or pesticide and/or additives which is sprayed3 Test me

33、thod3.1 PrincipleA spray deposition test comprises the measurement of spray deposition immediately available to the target area being the ground surface, represented by the collectors. This spray deposition measurement may utilize a dye, or other readily measurable tracer to simulate a plant protect

34、ion product.Spray depositions are assessed quantitatively. The variation in spray deposition is quantified.Spray deposition values used to quantify mean deposition and deposition variation of the spray liquid applied by the tested sprayer is assessed using spray deposition collectors placed on a gro

35、und surface.3.2 Test areaThe test shall be performed on the ground surface (bare soil surface or short mowed grass of max. 8 cm height). Since there are influences from boom movement (boom ends) and other disturbances such as air turbulences around the tractor and the sprayer (centre of the machine)

36、, measurements shall be taken on both sides of the sprayer and at different distances along the spray boom (see 4.3).The length of the test area shall ensure the output of the intended spray volume over the sampling area. The test area shall therefore have a track length before and after the samplin

37、g area assuring that the sprayer has reached even intended output flow considering sprayer size and forward speed.NOTE With rate control in manual mode, a minimum track length of 10 m is suggested for travelling speeds of up to 2 m/s and 20 m for travelling speeds up to 4 m/s. With the rate control

38、in automatic mode, the track length has to be adapted also considering the system reaction time.Details of the spraying and sampling layout shall be fully reported with the test results, in accordance with Annex B (see also 4.3).In identifying the place of the test area take notice of surrounding ve

39、getation on the wind profile. The test area should be at least 10 times the height of the vegetation away from the surrounding vegetation or constructions.Details of the test area and surroundings shall be specified in the test report.3.3 Monitoring of meteorological conditionsMonitoring of the mete

40、orological conditions shall be made at the time and the place of the test. The maximum error of measurements shall be for wind speed: 0,1 m/s for wind speed up to and including 1 m/s and 0,2 m/s for wind speed over 1 m/s, for temperature: 0,5 C, recorded in the shade, and2 ISO 2015 All rights reserv

41、edBS ISO 24253-1:2015ISO 24253-1:2015(E) for humidity: 5 % of the relative humidity.Measurements shall be made at (2 0,1) m height above the ground surface. Measurements of wind (direction and velocity) shall be made at a frequency of at least 1 Hz (every 1 s) sampling rate. The instruments should b

42、e calibrated prior to their use according to instrument instructions.3.4 Acceptable meteorological conditions for field measurement of spray depositionAverage wind speed during spraying shall not be higher than local recommendation or practice and preferably below 2 m/s at the measuring height speci

43、fied in 3.3. The wind speed shall be stable during the test (the standard deviation shall not exceed 1 m/s).For wind speeds above 2 m/s, the wind direction should be within 30 of the mean wind direction.Temperature shall be between 5 C to 35 C.Temperature inversions affect deposition measurements an

44、d need to be reported (preferably by using of 3D anemometer alternatively by cloud cover or measurements of temperature at two heights).3.5 TracersTracers shall be safe for their intended use. See the environmental and operator safety data sheets for the suitability for this purpose.NOTE Local Pesti

45、cide Regulatory Bodies ought to be able to comment on the use of suitable candidate products and their restrictions for this purpose.The tracers shall be stable in field conditions and with a good recovery (at least 90 %; preferably 95 %) from all kind of collectors (see 3.6) used in the test. See e

46、.g. Herbst, 20064and Stallinga et al., 2012.5Examples of usable tracers are the following: metal ions (recommended for several applications on the same target); food dyes: tartrazine (E102); fluorescent dyes: brilliant Sulfo Flavine; sodium fluorescein.3.6 CollectorsCollectors are used to sample spr

47、ay deposition on the ground surface. The recovery of the sprayed tracer from the collectors shall be determined prior to the experiment.The collectors used shall provide a good recovery (at least 90 %; preferably 95 %). Examples of collectors which can be used are given in Annex A. How to quantify t

48、racer recovery from the collector is described in Annex C.Background emission from the collectors is to be determined (see Annex C). The average reading of the blank collectors should not be higher than 0,1 % of the average reading of the sprayed collectors. Accuracy of the measuring device, artific

49、ial collector types, and background emission from artificial collectors shall be recorded and chosen to obtain a coefficient of variation of the background emission lower than 10 % (of at least 10 collectors; see Annex C).Care shall be taken to ensure that the sampling collectors used to verify the applied dose and volume rate do not saturate. This shall be checked before the tests. ISO 2015 All rights reserved 3BS ISO 24253-1:2015ISO 24253-1:2015(E)3.7 Spray liquidThe spray liquid shall be representative of liqui