BS ISO 26262-8-2011 Road vehicles Functional safety Supporting processes《道路车辆 功能安全 支援流程》.pdf

1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 26262-8:2011Road vehicles FunctionalsafetyPart 8: Supporting processesBS ISO 26262-8:2011 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation o

2、f ISO 26262-8:2011.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee AUE/16, Electrical and electronic equipment.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessarypr

3、ovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. BSI 2011ISBN 978 0 580 62310 3ICS 43.040.10Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee o

4、n 30 November 2011.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS ISO 26262-8:2011Reference numberISO 26262-8:2011(E)ISO 2011INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO26262-8First edition2011-11-15Road vehicles Functional safety Part 8: Supporting processes Vhicules routiers Scurit fonctionnelle Partie 8:

5、Processus dappui BS ISO 26262-8:2011ISO 26262-8:2011(E) COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2011 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, withou

6、t permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2011 All right

7、s reservedBS ISO 26262-8:2011ISO 26262-8:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword . v Introduction vi 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 2 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms 2 4 Requirements for compliance 2 4.1 General requirements . 2 4.2 Interpretations of tables 3 4.3

8、 ASIL-dependent requirements and recommendations . 3 5 Interfaces within distributed developments . 3 5.1 Objectives 3 5.2 General . 3 5.3 Inputs to this clause 4 5.4 Requirements and recommendations . 4 5.5 Work products . 7 6 Specification and management of safety requirements 7 6.1 Objectives 7 6

9、.2 General . 7 6.3 Inputs to this clause 9 6.4 Requirements and recommendations . 9 6.5 Work products . 12 7 Configuration management 12 7.1 Objectives 12 7.2 General . 12 7.3 Inputs to this clause 12 7.4 Requirements and recommendations . 13 7.5 Work products . 13 8 Change management 13 8.1 Objecti

10、ves 13 8.2 General . 13 8.3 Inputs to this clause 13 8.4 Requirements and recommendations . 14 8.5 Work products . 15 9 Verification . 16 9.1 Objectives 16 9.2 General . 16 9.3 Inputs to this clause 16 9.4 Requirements and recommendations . 17 9.5 Work products . 18 10 Documentation 19 10.1 Objectiv

11、es 19 10.2 General . 19 10.3 Inputs to this clause 19 10.4 Requirements and recommendations . 19 10.5 Work products . 20 11 Confidence in the use of software tools . 20 BS ISO 26262-8:2011ISO 26262-8:2011(E) iv ISO 2011 All rights reserved11.1 Objectives .20 11.2 General 21 11.3 Inputs to this claus

12、e 21 11.4 Requirements and recommendations .22 11.5 Work products 27 12 Qualification of software components 27 12.1 Objectives .27 12.2 General 27 12.3 Inputs to this clause 28 12.4 Requirements and recommendations .28 12.5 Work products 30 13 Qualification of hardware components .30 13.1 Objective

13、s .30 13.2 General 31 13.3 Inputs to this clause 32 13.4 Requirements and recommendations .33 13.5 Work products 35 14 Proven in use argument 35 14.1 Objectives .35 14.2 General 35 14.3 Inputs to this clause 36 14.4 Requirements and recommendations .37 14.5 Work products 40 Annex A (informative) Ove

14、rview on and document flow of supporting processes .41 Annex B (informative) DIA example .43 Bibliography 48 BS ISO 26262-8:2011ISO 26262-8:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved vForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (

15、ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, go

16、vernmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IE

17、C Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the memb

18、er bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 26262-8 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, S

19、ubcommittee SC 3, Electrical and electronic equipment. ISO 26262 consists of the following parts, under the general title Road vehicles Functional safety: Part 1: Vocabulary Part 2: Management of functional safety Part 3: Concept phase Part 4: Product development at the system level Part 5: Product

20、development at the hardware level Part 6: Product development at the software level Part 7: Production and operation Part 8: Supporting processes Part 9: Automotive Safety Integrity Level (ASIL)-oriented and safety-oriented analyses Part 10: Guideline on ISO 26262 BS ISO 26262-8:2011ISO 26262-8:2011

21、(E) vi ISO 2011 All rights reservedIntroduction ISO 26262 is the adaptation of IEC 61508 to comply with needs specific to the application sector of electrical and/or electronic (E/E) systems within road vehicles. This adaptation applies to all activities during the safety lifecycle of safety-related

22、 systems comprised of electrical, electronic and software components. Safety is one of the key issues of future automobile development. New functionalities not only in areas such as driver assistance, propulsion, in vehicle dynamics control and active and passive safety systems increasingly touch th

23、e domain of system safety engineering. Development and integration of these functionalities will strengthen the need for safe system development processes and the need to provide evidence that all reasonable system safety objectives are satisfied. With the trend of increasing technological complexit

24、y, software content and mechatronic implementation, there are increasing risks from systematic failures and random hardware failures. ISO 26262 includes guidance to avoid these risks by providing appropriate requirements and processes. System safety is achieved through a number of safety measures, w

25、hich are implemented in a variety of technologies (e.g. mechanical, hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical, electronic, programmable electronic) and applied at the various levels of the development process. Although ISO 26262 is concerned with functional safety of E/E systems, it provides a framework with

26、in which safety-related systems based on other technologies can be considered. ISO 26262: a) provides an automotive safety lifecycle (management, development, production, operation, service, decommissioning) and supports tailoring the necessary activities during these lifecycle phases; b) provides a

27、n automotive-specific risk-based approach to determine integrity levels Automotive Safety Integrity Levels (ASIL); c) uses ASILs to specify applicable requirements of ISO 26262 so as to avoid unreasonable residual risk; d) provides requirements for validation and confirmation measures to ensure a su

28、fficient and acceptable level of safety being achieved; e) provides requirements for relations with suppliers. Functional safety is influenced by the development process (including such activities as requirements specification, design, implementation, integration, verification, validation and config

29、uration), the production and service processes and by the management processes. Safety issues are intertwined with common function-oriented and quality-oriented development activities and work products. ISO 26262 addresses the safety-related aspects of development activities and work products. Figur

30、e 1 shows the overall structure of this edition of ISO 26262. ISO 26262 is based upon a V-model as a reference process model for the different phases of product development. Within the figure: the shaded “V”s represent the interconnection between ISO 26262-3, ISO 26262-4, ISO 26262-5, ISO 26262-6 an

31、d ISO 26262-7; the specific clauses are indicated in the following manner: “m-n”, where “m” represents the number of the particular part and “n” indicates the number of the clause within that part. EXAMPLE “2-6” represents Clause 6 of ISO 26262-2. BS ISO 26262-8:2011ISO 26262-8:2011(E) ISO 2011 All

32、rights reserved vii3. Concept phase2. Management of functional safety2-5 Overall safetymanagement2-6Safetymanagement during the concept phase and the product development 7. Production and operation6-5Initiation of product development at the software level6-7Software architectural design6-8Software u

33、nit design and implementation6-9Software unit testing6-10Software integration and testing 6-11 Verification of software safetyrequirements5-5Initiation of product development at the hardware level5-6Specification of hardware safetyrequirements5-7Hardware design5-8Evaluation of the hardware architect

34、uralmetrics5-10Hardware integration and testing2-7Safetymanagement after the items release for production3-6 Initiation of the safetylifecycle1. Vocabulary3-5 Item definition3-7 Hazard analysis andrisk assessment3-8 Functional safetyconcept7-6 Operation, service (maintenance and repair), and decommi

35、ssioning7-5 Production8. Supporting processes8-5Interfaces within distributed developments8-6Specification and managementof safetyrequirements8-8Change management8-9Verification8-7Configuration management4. Product development at the system level4-5Initiation of product development at the system lev

36、el4-7System design 4-8Item integration and testing4-9Safetyvalidation4-10Functional safetyassessment4-11Release for production6. Product development at thesoftware level5. Product development at thehardware level5-9Evaluation of the safetygoal violations due to random hardware failures4-6Specificati

37、on of the technical safetyrequirements9. ASIL-oriented and safety-oriented analyses9-5Requirements decomposition with respect to ASIL tailoring9-6Criteria for coexistence of elements8-10Documentation8-11Confidence in the use of software tools8-13Qualificationof hardware components8-14Proven in use a

38、rgument8-12Qualificationof software components9-7Analysis of dependent failures9-8Safetyanalyses10. Guideline on ISO26262Figure 1 Overview of ISO 26262 BS ISO 26262-8:2011BS ISO 26262-8:2011INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 26262-8:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved 1Road vehicles Functional safety Part

39、8: Supporting processes 1 Scope ISO 26262 is intended to be applied to safety-related systems that include one or more electrical and/or electronic (E/E) systems and that are installed in series production passenger cars with a maximum gross vehicle mass up to 3 500 kg. ISO 26262 does not address un

40、ique E/E systems in special purpose vehicles such as vehicles designed for drivers with disabilities. Systems and their components released for production, or systems and their components already under development prior to the publication date of ISO 26262, are exempted from the scope. For further d

41、evelopment or alterations based on systems and their components released for production prior to the publication of ISO 26262, only the modifications will be developed in accordance with ISO 26262. ISO 26262 addresses possible hazards caused by malfunctioning behaviour of E/E safety-related systems,

42、 including interaction of these systems. It does not address hazards related to electric shock, fire, smoke, heat, radiation, toxicity, flammability, reactivity, corrosion, release of energy and similar hazards, unless directly caused by malfunctioning behaviour of E/E safety-related systems. ISO 26

43、262 does not address the nominal performance of E/E systems, even if dedicated functional performance standards exist for these systems (e.g. active and passive safety systems, brake systems, Adaptive Cruise Control). This part of ISO 26262 specifies the requirements for supporting processes, includ

44、ing the following: interfaces within distributed developments, overall management of safety requirements, configuration management, change management, verification, documentation, confidence in the use of software tools, qualification of software components, qualification of hardware components, and

45、 proven in use argument. BS ISO 26262-8:2011ISO 26262-8:2011(E) 2 ISO 2011 All rights reserved2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edi

46、tion of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 26262-1:2011, Road vehicles Functional safety Part 1: Vocabulary ISO 26262-2:2011, Road vehicles Functional safety Part 2: Management of functional safety ISO 26262-3:2011, Road vehicles Functional safety Part 3: Concept phase I

47、SO 26262-4:2011, Road vehicles Functional safety Part 4: Product development at the system level ISO 26262-5:2011, Road vehicles Functional safety Part 5: Product development at the hardware level ISO 26262-6:2011, Road vehicles Functional safety Part 6: Product development at the software level ISO

48、 26262-7:2011, Road vehicles Functional safety Part 7: Production and operation ISO 26262-9:2011, Road vehicles Functional safety Part 9: Automotive Safety Integrity Level (ASIL)-oriented and safety-oriented analyses ISO/IEC 12207, Systems and software engineering Software life cycle processes 3 Ter

49、ms, definitions and abbreviated terms For the purposes of this document, the terms, definitions and abbreviated terms given in ISO 26262-1:2011 apply. 4 Requirements for compliance 4.1 General requirements When claiming compliance with ISO 26262, each requirement shall be complied with, unless one of the following applies: a) tailoring of the safety activities in accordance with ISO 26262-2 has been planned and shows that the requirement does not apply