1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 27850:2013Tractors for agriculture andforestry Falling objectprotective structures Testprocedures and performancerequirementsBS ISO 27850:2013 BRITISH STANDARDNational for
2、ewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 27850:2013.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee AGE/6, Agricultural tractors and forestry machinery.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This
3、publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2013. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2013ISBN 978 0 580 66292 8ICS 65.060.10Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immun
4、ity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 June 2013.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS ISO 27850:2013 ISO 2013Tractors for agriculture and forestry Falling object protective structures Te
5、st procedures and performance requirementsTracteurs agricoles et forestiers Structures de protection contre les chutes dobjets Modes opratoires dessai et exigences de performanceINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO27850First edition2013-05-01Reference numberISO 27850:2013(E)BS ISO 27850:2013ISO 27850:2013(E)ii
6、 ISO 2013 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2013All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intra
7、net, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCase postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11Fax + 41 22 749 09 47E-mail copyrightiso.orgWeb www.iso.orgPublished
8、in SwitzerlandBS ISO 27850:2013ISO 27850:2013(E) ISO 2013 All rights reserved iiiContents PageForeword ivIntroduction v1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 14 Permissible measurement tolerances . 25 Procedure. 25.1 Preparation of tractor and FOPS for testing 25.2 Apparatus an
9、d procedure 46 Performance requirements . 87 Cold weather performance of protective structures . 88 Labelling 89 Test report . 9Annex A (normative) Optional requirements for providing resistance to brittle fracture of falling-object protective structures (FOPS) at reduced operation temperature 10Ann
10、ex B (normative) Test report for falling-object protective structures (FOPS) .12Annex C (informative) Designation of Maintenance Agency .16Bibliography .17BS ISO 27850:2013ISO 27850:2013(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standard
11、s bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organiz
12、ations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its fur
13、ther maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. www.iso.org/directivesA
14、ttention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduc
15、tion and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received. www.iso.org/patentsAny trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 23, Tractors and machinery for agricultu
16、re and forestry, Subcommittee SC 2, Common tests.This first edition of ISO 27850 has been developed to establish technical harmonization with OECD Code 10:July 2012.iv ISO 2013 All rights reservedBS ISO 27850:2013ISO 27850:2013(E)IntroductionThe falling-object protective structure (FOPS) testing pro
17、cedure considered in this International Standard refers to the tractor used in its traditional agricultural tasks. However, it is reasonable to consider that a specific use of the tractor, such as dedicated forestry applications, for which the tractor has to be properly equipped, would need FOPS tes
18、ting at higher levels of energy, for which other test methods are appropriate.This International Standard specifies technical performance requirements, associated test procedures, and performance test report information. Technical harmonization with OECD Code 10 is ensured by the Maintenance Agency
19、operating as specified in Annex C. ISO 2013 All rights reserved vBS ISO 27850:2013BS ISO 27850:2013Tractors for agriculture and forestry Falling object protective structures Test procedures and performance requirements1 ScopeThis International Standard sets forth the test procedures and performance
20、requirements for a falling-object protective structure, in the event such a structure is installed on an agricultural or forestry tractor.This International Standard is applicable to agricultural and forestry tractors having at least two axles for pneumatic tyred wheels or having tracks instead of w
21、heels.This International Standard does not apply to forestry machinery as defined in ISO 6814.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applie
22、s. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 3164:1995, Earth-moving machinery Laboratory evaluations of protective structures Specifications for deflection-limiting volumeISO 3463:2006, Tractors for agriculture and forestry Roll-ove
23、r protective structures (ROPS) Dynamic test method and acceptance conditionsISO 3471:2008, Earth-moving machinery Roll-over protective structures Laboratory tests and performance requirementsISO 5700:2013, Tractors for agriculture and forestry Roll-over protective structures (ROPS) Static test metho
24、d and acceptance conditionsISO 12003-1:2008, Agricultural and forestry tractors Roll-over protective structures on narrow-track wheeled tractors Part 1: Front-mounted ROPSISO 12003-2:2008, Agricultural and forestry tractors Roll-over protective structures on narrow-track wheeled tractors Part 2: Rea
25、r-mounted ROPSASTM A370:1979, Standard Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.3.1agricultural tractorself-propelled agricultural vehicle having at least two axles, or a t
26、rack-laying agricultural vehicle, and having a maximum design speed of not less than 6 km/h, particularly designed to pull, push, carry, and operate implements used for agricultural work (including forestry work), which may be provided with a detachable loading platformNote 1 to entry: It may be equ
27、ipped with one or more seats.INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 27850:2013(E) ISO 2013 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 27850:2013ISO 27850:2013(E)3.2falling-object protective structureFOPSassembly providing reasonable overhead protection to an operator in driving position from falling objects3.3roll-over protec
28、tive structureROPSframework (safety cab or frame) protecting operators of agricultural and forestry tractors that avoids or limits risk to the operator resulting from accidental overturning during normal operationNote 1 to entry: The ROPS is characterized by the provision of space for a clearance zo
29、ne, either inside the envelope of the structure or within a space bounded by a series of straight lines from the outer edges of the structure to any part of the tractor that might come into contact with flat ground and that is capable of supporting the tractor in that position if the tractor overtur
30、ns.3.4safety zonezone of protection provided for the tractor operatorNote 1 to entry: The safety zone is determined by the ROPS International Standard that has been chosen. For tractors equipped with ROPS tested in accordance with ISO 3463, ISO 5700, ISO 12003-1, or ISO 12003-2, the safety zone is t
31、he clearance zone specified in each of these International Standards. For tractors equipped with ROPS tested in accordance with ISO 3471, the safety zone is the deflection limiting volume (DLV) according to ISO 3164.4 Permissible measurement tolerancesa) Distance 5 % of maximum deflection or 1 mmb)
32、Mass 0,5 %5 Procedure5.1 Preparation of tractor and FOPS for testing5.1.1 Whether the FOPS is manufactured by the tractor manufacturer or by an independent party, the test shall only be valid for the model of tractor on which the test is carried out. The FOPS shall be retested for each model of trac
33、tor to which it is to be fitted. However, the testing station may certify that the strength tests are also valid for tractor models derived from the original model by modifications to the engine, transmission, and steering and front suspension (see Clause 9). On the other hand, more than one FOPS ma
34、y be tested for any one model of tractor.5.1.2 The protective structure submitted for test shall include at least all components which transfer loading from the impact location of the drop test object to the safety zone. The protective structure submitted for test shall be either (i) rigidly attache
35、d to the test bench at its normal mounting locations (see Figure 1), or (ii) attached to the tractor chassis in the normal manner, by means of any brackets, mountings, or suspension components used in normal production and other parts of the tractor that may be affected by loads imposed by the prote
36、ctive structure see Figures 2a) and 2b). The vehicle chassis shall be mounted rigidly to the test bay floor.2 ISO 2013 All rights reservedBS ISO 27850:2013ISO 27850:2013(E)Figure 1 Minimum test configurationa) By mountings/attachmentsb) By suspension componentsFigure 2 FOPS test configurations when
37、attached to the vehicle chassis5.1.3 A FOPS might be designed solely to protect the operator in the event of an object falling onto the tractor, but weather protection for the operator, of a more or less temporary nature, might also be fitted ISO 2013 All rights reserved 3BS ISO 27850:2013ISO 27850:
38、2013(E)on the structure. The operator will usually remove this in warm weather. In addition, there are FOPS whose cladding is permanent and for which warm-weather ventilation is provided by windows or flaps.5.1.3.1 Since the cladding can add strength to the FOPS and removable cladding could be absen
39、t when an incident occurs, all parts that are intended to be removable by the operator shall be removed for the purpose of the test. Doors, roof hatch, and windows that can be opened shall either be removed or fixed in the open position for the test, so that they do not add to the strength of the FO
40、PS. It shall be noted whether, in this position, they would create a hazard for the operator in the event of an object falling. In the case of FOPS with a roof hatch that can be opened and is a member of the protective structure, the test shall be carried out in both the open and closed position.5.1
41、.3.2 Throughout this International Standard, reference is made to the testing of the FOPS. This shall be understood to include cladding which cannot be removed during normal operation of the tractor. A description of any temporary cladding supplied shall be included in the specifications.5.1.3.3 All
42、 glass or similar brittle material shall be removed prior to testing. Tractor and ROPS components which might sustain needless damage during the test and which do not affect the strength of the FOPS or its dimensions may be removed prior to testing if the manufacturer so wishes.5.1.3.4 No repairs or
43、 adjustments shall be carried out during the test. Several identical samples can be provided by the manufacturer if several drop tests are required.5.1.4 Should the same structure be used for FOPS and ROPS evaluations, the FOPS test shall precede the ROPS test (according to ISO 3463, ISO 5700, ISO 1
44、2003-1, ISO 12003-2, or ISO 3471). The removal of impact dents or replacement of the FOPS cover is permitted.5.2 Apparatus and procedure5.2.1 Apparatus5.2.1.1 The drop object shall be a solid steel or ductile iron sphere as shown in Figure 3, the impact surface of which shall have properties against
45、 deformation during testing. The drop object shall have a typical mass of 45 kg and a spherical contact surface diameter of between 200 mm and 250 mm.4 ISO 2013 All rights reservedBS ISO 27850:2013ISO 27850:2013(E)Keyd1200 mm to 250 mml1approximately 102 mml2approximately 109 mmaMay be drilled and t
46、apped for lifting eye.NOTE Actual values of dimensions are given here as examples.Figure 3 Example of test object5.2.1.2 Means of raising the drop object to the required height.5.2.1.3 Means of releasing the drop object so that it drops without restraint.5.2.1.4 Surface of such firmness that it is n
47、ot penetrated by the machine or test bed under the loading of the drop test.5.2.1.5 Means of determining whether the FOPS enters the safety zone during the drop test. This may be either of the following: a safety zone template, placed upright, made of material which will indicate any penetration by
48、the FOPS, in which case grease or other suitable material may be applied on the lower surface of the FOPS cover to indicate such penetration; a dynamic instrumentation system of sufficient frequency response to indicate the expected deflection of the FOPS with respect to the safety zone.The top area
49、 of the safety zone is defined by: the points, I1, A1, B1, C1, C2, B2, A2, I2, of the clearance zone for ISO 3463 and ISO 5700; the plane described in 10.2 d) and e) for ISO 12003-1:2008; the surface defined by points H1, A1, B1, C1, C2, B2, A2, H2 for ISO 12003-2, and the top of the DLV for ISO 3471.In the event the tractor has a reversible drivers position (reversible seat and steering wheel), the safety zone shall be the combined envelope of the two DLVs defined by the two different positions of
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