BS ISO 29383-2010 Terminology policies - Development and implementation《术语政策 制定和实施》.pdf

1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 29383:2010Terminology policies Development andimplementationBS ISO 29383:2010 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 29383:

2、2010.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee TS/1, Terminology.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are respon

3、sible for its correctapplication. BSI 2010ISBN 978 0 580 67122 7ICS 01.020Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 August 2010Amendments issued since pub

4、licationDate Text affectedBS ISO 29383:2010Reference numberISO 29383:2010(E)ISO 2010INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO29383First edition2010-07-15Terminology policies Development and implementation Politiques terminologiques laboration et mise en uvre BS ISO 29383:2010ISO 29383:2010(E) PDF disclaimer This P

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8、T ISO 2010 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in

9、 the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2010 All rights reservedBS ISO 29383:2010ISO 29383:2010(E) ISO 2010 All rights reserved iiiConten

10、ts Page Foreword iv Introduction.v 1 Scope1 2 Normative references1 3 Terms and definitions .1 4 Language planning and terminology planning 3 4.1 General .3 4.2 Language planning3 4.3 Terminology planning.3 5 Formulating and implementing a terminology policy5 6 Preparation, formulation and implement

11、ation of terminology policies.6 6.1 General .6 6.2 PHASE I Preparation of the terminology policy 6 6.2.1 Survey of the current state.6 6.2.2 Preparatory documents 7 6.2.3 Awareness-raising: Advocacy and lobbying to obtain recognition.8 6.2.4 Organization of a community/organization-wide consultation

12、 procedure8 6.3 PHASE II Formulation of the terminology policy 9 6.3.1 General .9 6.3.2 Finalizing the terminology policy proposal 9 6.3.3 Coordination of terminology planning with other strategic planning policies.9 6.3.4 Implementation plan9 6.3.5 Presentation of the final policy and implementatio

13、n plan 10 6.3.6 Decision on final terminology policy documents and implementation plan.10 6.4 PHASE III Implementation of the terminology policy .11 6.4.1 General .11 6.4.2 Management of the implementation 11 6.4.3 Operational and organizational planning of the implementation.11 6.4.4 Publicity and

14、promotion .12 6.5 PHASE IV Sustaining the terminology infrastructure.12 Annex A (informative) Tools for stakeholder analysis13 Annex B (informative) Example of an authentic corporate terminology policy .14 Bibliography16 BS ISO 29383:2010ISO 29383:2010(E) iv ISO 2010 All rights reservedForeword ISO

15、(the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical comm

16、ittee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrote

17、chnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the memb

18、er bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifyi

19、ng any or all such patent rights. ISO 29383 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 37, Terminology and other language and content resources, Subcommittee SC 1, Principles and methods. This International Standard is based in parts on the recommendations given in the document Guidelines for Termin

20、ology Policies: formulating and implementing terminology policy in language communities, published by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) in 2005. BS ISO 29383:2010ISO 29383:2010(E) ISO 2010 All rights reserved vIntroduction This International Standard is de

21、signed for policy makers working in different environments, from language planning to for-profit companies. The requirements concerning the development and implementation of a terminology policy can differ tremendously in these environments as well as from case to case. No two situations are exactly

22、 alike and, even in a seemingly homogenous context, each terminology policy is necessarily individual and custom-made. This International Standard therefore aims to provide guidance on general principles for the design of an individual policy to be tailored to a specific set of circumstances. It doe

23、s so by recommending a variety of actions that have proven to be helpful in different situations. Some of these recommendations will be essential in any policy environment, while others may not be relevant. Terminology policies can take very different forms, depending on the context. In a national c

24、ontext, a terminology policy can take the form of a legal document or, at least, part of such, for instance of a language, education or information policy. Similarly, the terminology policy within a large non-governmental or intergovernmental organization may be complex since it has to address a ver

25、y complex and political situation and various levels of interoperability (cultural, political, semantic, ). In private corporations and smaller organizations, a terminology policy usually takes the form of guidelines or references for terminology management, workflow and the use of technology to sup

26、port it; it is usually presented in a short document, often not even referring to terminology as such. Distinctions between these vary and what is imperative in one company, community or organization, may be irrelevant in another. Due to the ever-increasing interlinking of public and private endeavo

27、urs, the high degree of diversity of organizational or institutional organizations, and rapidly changing environments, it is helpful to have all aspects included in one standard. BS ISO 29383:2010BS ISO 29383:2010INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 29383:2010(E) ISO 2010 All rights reserved 1Terminology poli

28、cies Development and implementation 1 Scope This International Standard provides policy makers in governments, administration, non-profit and commercial organizations with guidelines and a methodology for the development and implementation of a comprehensive policy or strategy concerning the plannin

29、g and management of terminology. This International Standard defines key concepts and describes scenarios and environments which may require different kinds of terminology policies. It also places terminology policies in the broader context of institutional strategic frameworks. 2 Normative referenc

30、es The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 1087-1, Terminology Vocabulary Part 1: The

31、ory and application 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 1087-1 and the following apply. 3.1 planning act or process of preparing a detailed proposal, developed in advance, for doing or achieving something 3.2 strategic plan comprehensive,

32、 integrative programme that considers, at a minimum, the future of current decisions, overall policy and organizational development, representing what must be done in order to achieve long-term objectives and goals 3.3 terminology planning activities aimed at developing, improving, implementing and

33、disseminating the terminology of a subject field NOTE Terminology planning involves all aspects of terminology work and has among other objectives the objective of achieving vocabulary control through such normative documents as thesauri and terminology standards. ISO 1087-1:2000, definition 3.6.4 3

34、.4 policy set of principles and strategies which guide a course of action for the achievement of a given goal BS ISO 29383:2010ISO 29383:2010(E) 2 ISO 2010 All rights reserved3.5 terminology policy policy formulated at the level of decision-making in a language, domain or professional community, wit

35、h the aim of developing or regulating emerging or existing terminologies for various purposes 3.6 terminology policy implementation all efforts to gain acceptance of the terminology policy 3.7 terminology product product that supports special language use or the field of terminology NOTE Products th

36、at support special language use refer to dictionaries, databases, and other products for the dissemination of specialized terminology while products that support the field of terminology refer to journals, training manuals, tools, etc. ISO 22128:2008, definition 3.13 3.8 language community community

37、 of people defined through common use of a shared linguistic code and cultural specifications NOTE Language communities are not necessarily confined within geopolitical boundaries and may be distributed in several, sometimes distant, locales within a region, country, continent or globally. 3.9 lingu

38、istic norm set of language conventions which is considered to be the shared linguistic standard of a language community NOTE There may be many kinds of variations (such as dialects) whose conventions deviate from the linguistic norm. 3.10 language engineering subject field dealing with natural langu

39、age processing (NLP) NOTE Sometimes erroneously used synonymously with language planning. 3.11 language planning planning activity involving a deliberate effort to positively influence the function, structure or acquisition of a language or language variety within a speech community 3.12 status plan

40、ning part of language planning that concerns the official designation and regulation of the status of a language or languages in society at large or in particular domains or contexts 3.13 corpus planning part of language planning that concerns the development and standardization of the corpus of a l

41、anguage NOTE Corpus planning activities include the standardization and recording of orthography, development of a standard variety, standardization of grammar, standard pronunciation rules, development of a writing system, development of the lexicon (including special lexicon), and strategic dissem

42、ination of these standards among the language community. 3.14 acquisition planning part of language planning that concerns the goals, strategy and methodology for the institutionalized teaching and learning of languages in a society NOTE These may be minority, majority or neighbouring languages or i

43、nternational lingua francas. BS ISO 29383:2010ISO 29383:2010(E) ISO 2010 All rights reserved 34 Language planning and terminology planning 4.1 General Terminology planning and language planning are two complementary activities. On the one hand, terminology planning is an integral part of most langua

44、ge planning. On the other hand, it can be an activity of an individual organization for internal strategic ends and not necessarily related to language planning at all. In most cases, terminology planning both informs and is informed in turn by existing language planning. The degree of the interdepe

45、ndency between terminology planning and language planning varies according to the specific circumstances of the language community. 4.2 Language planning Language planning consists of the conscious efforts made by a government, agency or other entity in order to affect strategically and positively t

46、he structure or function of a language or languages through politically-informed forward-looking management of languages and their use both in regard to language status determination and language development. It comprises of a mixture of methods and approaches, including: the determination of the st

47、atus of a language in a society at large, in a certain domain or context (status planning); the linguistic codification of a language in order to establish a linguistic norm, the development of language resources (including text corpora, speech corpora, lexicographical data and, to some extent, term

48、inological information), the development or recording of literary traditions and sources (corpus planning); the development of a language education policy (acquisition planning); translation strategies, etc. The major focus of language planning, therefore, is the conscious development of a language

49、to improve communication in a language community or society at large, or to strengthen the status of the language of a linguistic community existing within a larger community. 4.3 Terminology planning Terminology planning results in the development of resources to support the representation of domain knowledge (concepts) and the use of such representation to ensure successful and unhindered communication within and across domains, including: terminology generation; terminology use, documentation, recording and process