1、BS ISO 4513:2010ICS 43.020NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDRoad vehicles Visibility Methodfor establishment ofeyellipses for driverseye locationThis British Standardwas published under theauthority of the StandardsPolicy and StrategyCommittee on 3
2、0 June2010 BSI 2010ISBN 978 0 580 62000 3Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate CommentsBS ISO 4513:2010National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 4513:2010. Itsupersedes BS AU 176:1980 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted t
3、o TechnicalCommittee AUE/12, Safety related to occupants.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisionsof a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Complian
4、ce with a British Standard cannot confer immunityfrom legal obligations.BS ISO 4513:2010Reference numberISO 4513:2010(E)ISO 2010INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO4513Third edition2010-05-15Road vehicles Visibility Method for establishment of eyellipses for drivers eye location Vhicules routiers Visibilit Mt
5、hode de dtermination des ellipses oculaires correspondant lemplacement des yeux des conducteurs BS ISO 4513:2010ISO 4513:2010(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless
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10、.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2010 All rights reservedBS ISO 4513:2010ISO 4513:2010(E) ISO 2010 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction.v 1 Scope1 2 Normative references1 3 Terms and definitions .1 4 Adjustable seat 95th and 99th percentile tangent cut-of
11、f eyellipses for a 50/50 male and female gender mix .4 4.1 Reference anthropometry.4 4.2 Axis lengths .5 4.3 Axis angles.5 4.3.1 Rear and plan view angles5 4.3.2 Side view angle, 6 4.4 Centroid locations .6 4.4.1 Locating equations6 4.4.2 Seats with vertical adjustment.6 4.4.3 Left, right, mid-eye c
12、entroids .7 5 Eyellipse locating procedure, Class A vehicles.7 6 Neck pivot (P) and eye (E) points: locating procedure, Class A vehicles .8 6.1 Background8 6.2 Neck pivot (P) points.8 6.3 Eye (E) points.9 Annex A (informative) Adjustable seat tangent cut-off eyellipses for any user population statur
13、e distribution and gender mix .10 Annex B (informative) Fixed seat 95th and 99th percentile tangent cut-off eyellipses for an adult population at a 50/50 gender mix.17 Annex C (informative) Fixed seat tangent cut-off eyellipses for any user population stature distribution and gender mix .21 Annex D
14、(informative) Tangent cut-off eyellipses and inclusive eyellipses .26 Annex E (informative) Eyellipses for Class B vehicles .29 Annex F (informative) Background to the revision of this International Standard 32 Bibliography34 BS ISO 4513:2010ISO 4513:2010(E) iv ISO 2010 All rights reservedForeword I
15、SO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical c
16、ommittee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electr
17、otechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the m
18、ember bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identi
19、fying any or all such patent rights. ISO 4513 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, Subcommittee SC 17, Visibility. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 4513:2003), which has been technically revised. BS ISO 4513:2010ISO 4513:2010(E) ISO 2010 All ri
20、ghts reserved vIntroduction This International Standard describes the eyellipse, a statistical representation of driver eye locations, which is used to facilitate design and evaluation of vision in motor vehicles. Examples of eyellipse applications include rearview mirror size and placement, wiped a
21、nd defrosted areas, pillar size and location, and general exterior field of view. These applications are covered in other SAE and ISO practices. This revision of the eyellipse is the most significant update to ISO 4513 since its inception. The eyellipses differ from the previous eyellipses in the fo
22、llowing ways: a) the axis angles in plan view and rear view are parallel to vehicle grid; b) the side view X-axis angle is tipped down more at the front; c) for the 95th percentile eyellipse (99th shown in parentheses): 1) the X-axis length is 7,5 (18,9) mm longer, 2) the Y-axis is 44,6 (63,6) mm sh
23、orter, 3) the Z-axis is 7,4 (10,1) mm longer; d) the centroid location is generally higher and more rearward; e) the centroid location in side view is a function of packaging geometry (SgRP, steering wheel location, seat cushion angle, and the presence or absence of a clutch pedal); f) the eyellipse
24、 is no longer positioned according to the drivers torso angle; g) the eyellipse for seat tracks shorter than 133 mm in length has an X-axis length unchanged from ISO 4513:2003. The Y- and Z-axis lengths, and the centroid location, are based on the new values and equations given in this International
25、 Standard; h) neck pivot (P) and eye (E) points are based on the previous plan view sight lines to rearview mirrors and A-pillars, but are adjusted to the shape and location of the new eyellipses. New additions, incorporated as annexes, are summarized as follows. a) Fixed seat eyellipses for an adul
26、t user population at a 50/50 gender mix and 95th and 99th percentile tangent cut-offs are described (see Annex B). Fixed seat eyellipses and their locating equations given in Annexes B and C are based on data for second row passenger eye locations presented by UMTRI. In addition, a procedure is prov
27、ided in Annex B for locating an eyellipse in a second row seat that has adjustable seat track travel or adjustable back angle. b) A procedure is given for calculating adjustable and fixed seat eyellipses for any user population stature and gender mix at selected percentile tangent cut-offs (see Anne
28、xes A and C). Tables providing comparisons between tangent cut-off eyellipses and inclusive eyellipses are given. An inclusive eyellipse can be constructed using these tables (see Annex D). Eyellipses for Class B vehicles are unchanged from ISO 4513:2003 (see Annex E). BS ISO 4513:2010BS ISO 4513:20
29、10INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 4513:2010(E) ISO 2010 All rights reserved 1Road vehicles Visibility Method for establishment of eyellipses for drivers eye location 1 Scope This International Standard establishes the location of drivers eyes inside a vehicle. Elliptical (eyellipse) models in three dimen
30、sions are used to represent tangent cut-off percentiles of driver eye locations. Procedures are provided to construct 95th and 99th percentile tangent cut-off eyellipses for a 50/50 gender mix, adult user population. Neck pivot (P) points are defined to establish specific left and right eye points f
31、or direct and indirect viewing tasks described in SAE J1050. These P points are defined only for adjustable seat eyellipses. This International Standard applies to Class A vehicles (passenger cars, multipurpose passenger vehicles and light trucks) as defined in SAE J1100. It also applies to Class B
32、vehicles (heavy trucks). 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. I
33、SO 6549, Road vehicles Procedure for H- and R-point determination SAE J1100, Motor Vehicle Dimensions 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms given in ISO 6549 apply: a) H-point; b) seating reference point, SgRP. For the purposes of this document the following
34、terms given in SAE J1100 apply: 1) ball of foot reference point (BOFRP); 2) accelerator heel point (AHP); NOTE For applications using the H-point machine described in ISO 6549, the term “operator heel point” is used instead of “accelerator heel point”. 3) Class A and Class B vehicles; 4) H-point tra
35、vel path, TL23, TH21; 5) A19 Seat track rise; BS ISO 4513:2010ISO 4513:2010(E) 2 ISO 2010 All rights reserved6) H30 Seat height; 7) L6 Ball of foot reference point (BOFRP) to steering wheel centre. For the purposes of this document the following definitions apply. 3.1 eyellipse contraction of the wo
36、rds “eye” and “ellipse” used to describe the statistical distribution of eye locations in three-dimensional space located relative to defined vehicle interior reference points See Figure 1. Key X, Y, Z ellipse axes Figure 1 Typical three-dimensional tangent cut-off eyellipse for the left and right e
37、yes 3.2 cyclopean eye point mid-eye point midpoint between left and right eye points or left and right eyellipse centroids at centreline of occupant 3.3 tangent cut-off plane plane tangent to an eyellipse NOTE When projected at a specified angle or on to a specific target, a tangent cut-off plane ca
38、n be considered to be a sight plane. In a two-dimensional view, a sight plane can be considered to be a sight line (see Figure D.1). 3.4 tangent cut-off eyellipse three-dimensional eyellipse derived as the perimeter of an envelope formed by an infinite number of planes dividing the eye locations so
39、that P % of the eyes are on one side of the plane and (100 P) % are on the other See Annex D. BS ISO 4513:2010ISO 4513:2010(E) ISO 2010 All rights reserved 33.5 neck pivot point P point point about which a drivers head turns on a horizontal plane See Figure 2. 3.6 point P1 point P2 neck (head) pivot
40、 points used to position eye points for measuring the driver binocular obstruction due to A-pillars at the left and right side of the vehicle See Figure 2. 3.7 point P3 point P4 neck (head) pivot points used to position eye points for measuring driver field of view from rearview mirrors located to t
41、he left and right of the driver See Figure 2. Dimensions in millimetres a) Plan view Key 1 mid-eye centroid b) Side view NOTE Eyellipses are shown for reference purposes only. Figure 2 P point locations relative to 95th percentile eyellipse mid-eye centroid with seat track travel 133 mm BS ISO 4513:
42、2010ISO 4513:2010(E) 4 ISO 2010 All rights reserved3.8 eye point E point point representing an eye of the driver, used in conjunction with a neck pivot point to describe specific viewing tasks See Figure 3. Dimensions in millimetres a) Plan view b) Side view Key ELleft eye 1 driver head centreline E
43、Rright eye 2 line, viewed end on, between ELand ERP neck pivot point Figure 3 Neck pivot point and associated eye points 3.9 inclusive eyellipse eyellipse that contains a specified percentage of drivers eyes within its boundaries 4 Adjustable seat 95th and 99th percentile tangent cut-off eyellipses
44、for a 50/50 male and female gender mix 4.1 Reference anthropometry These eyellipses are based on the user populations described in Table 1. Driver eyellipses for a 50/50 gender mix shall be used for designing Class A vehicles. Table 1 Reference anthropometry (see Reference 17) Dimensions in millimet
45、res Gender Mean stature Standard deviation of stature Male 1 755 74,2 Female 1 618 68,7 NOTE Standard deviations for each gender were estimated by dividing the difference between the 95th and 5th percentiles by the difference in z-scores (3,29). The 95th and 99th percentile tangent cut-off eyellipse
46、s for a 50/50 gender mix are constructed from tables and equations given in 4.2 to 4.3.2. These eyellipses are applicable to driver and front outboard passenger seat locations. BS ISO 4513:2010ISO 4513:2010(E) ISO 2010 All rights reserved 54.2 Axis lengths Axis lengths are given in Table 2 (see Figu
47、re 4). Table 2 Left and right eyellipse axis lengths (true view) Seat track travel (TL23) Percentile X-axis length Y-axis length Z-axis length mm mm mm mm 133 95 206,4 60,3 93,4 99 287,1 85,3 132,1 100 to 133 95 173,8a60,3 93,4 99 242,1a85,3 132,1 aFor seat track travels of 100 mm to 133 mm, the eye
48、llipse X-axis length is unchanged from ISO 4513:2003. No new eye position data were collected for these shortened seat track travels. a) Plan view b) Side view c) Rear view Key Xa_lX-axis length Ya_lY-axis length Za_lZ-axis length Figure 4 Adjustable seat tangent cut-off eyellipse for one eye, three
49、 views 4.3 Axis angles 4.3.1 Rear and plan view angles The eyellipse is aligned with the vehicle axes in plan view (Z-plane) and rear view (X-plane), but it is tilted down at the front in side view (Y-plane). BS ISO 4513:2010ISO 4513:2010(E) 6 ISO 2010 All rights reserved4.3.2 Side view angle, In side view, the angle, , in degrees (positive, tipped down at the front from horizontal), of the eyellipse is: 12,0 = (1) 4.4 Centroid locations 4.4.1 Locating equations Equations (2) to (
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