BS ISO 5805-1998 Mechanical vibration and shock - Human exposure - Vocabulary《机械振动和冲击 人体暴露 词汇》.pdf

1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 5805:1997 Mechanical vibration and shock Human exposure Vocabulary ICS 01.040.13; 13.160BSISO 5805:1997 This British Standard, having been prepared under the directionof the Engineering SectorBoard, was published underthe authority of the Standards Board and comesintoeffect o

2、n 15 January 1998 BSI 06-1999 ISBN 0 580 29015 8 National foreword This British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO 5805:1997 and implements it as the UK national standard. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee GME/21, Mechanical vibration and shock, to Subcommitt

3、ee GME/21/6, Human exposure to mechanical vibration and shock, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor

4、related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this docum

5、ent may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of Br

6、itish Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, theISO title page, pages ii to vi, pages 1 to 21

7、 and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsBSISO5805:1997 BSI 06-1999 i Contents Page National fore

8、word Inside front cover Foreword iv Text of ISO 5805 1ii blankBSISO5805:1997 ii BSI 06-1999 Contents Page Foreword iv 1 Scope 1 2 Normative reference 1 3 General terms 1 4 Terms characterizing mechanical vibration shock affecting man 4 5 Terms relating to biodynamics 6 6 Terms describing human react

9、ions to vibration shock 9 7 Various terms 12 Annex A (informative) Bibliography 19 Alphabetical index 20 Descriptors: Vibration, mechanical shock, human body, exposure, vocabulary.BSISO5805:1997 BSI 06-1999 iii Sommaire Page Avant-propos v 1 Domaine dapplication 1 2 Rfrence normative 1 3 Termes gnra

10、ux 1 4 Termes caractrisant les vibrations chocs mcaniques affectant lindividu 4 5 Termes se rapportant la biodynamique 6 6 Termes dcrivant les ractions humaines aux vibrations chocs 9 7 Termes divers 12 Annexe A (informative) Bibliographie 19 Index alphabtique 21 Descripteurs: Vibration, choc mcaniq

11、ue, corps humain, exposition, vocabulaire.BSISO5805:1997 iv BSI 06-1999 Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO tech

12、nical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely

13、 with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75% o

14、f the member bodies casting a vote. International Standard ISO 5805 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 108, Mechanical vibration and shock, Subcommittee SC4, Human exposure to mechanical vibration and shock. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 5805:1981), of which

15、 it constitutes a technical revision and expansion. Annex A of this International Standard is for information only.BSISO5805:1997 BSI 06-1999 v Avant-propos LISO (Organisation internationale de normalisation) est une fdration mondiale dorganismes nationaux de normalisation (comits membres de lISO).

16、Llaboration des Normes internationales est en gnral confie aux comits techniques de lISO. Chaque comit membre intress par une tude a le droit de faire partie du comit technique cr cet effet. Les organisations internationales, gouvernementales et non gouvernementales, en liaison avec lISO participent

17、 galement aux travaux. LISO collabore troitement avec la Commission lectrotechnique internationale (CEI) en ce qui concerne la normalisation lectrotechnique. Les projets de Normes internationales adopts par les comits techniques sont soumis aux comits membres pour vote. Leur publication comme Normes

18、 internationales requiert lapprobation de 75% au moins des comits membres votants. La Norme internationale ISO 5805 a t labore par le comit technique ISO/TC 108, Vibrations et chocs mcaniques, sous-comit SC4, Exposition des individus aux vibrations et chocs mcaniques. Cette deuxime dition annule et

19、remplace la premire dition (ISO 5805:1981), dont elle constitue une rvision technique et un dveloppement. LAnnexe A de la prsente Norme internationale est donne uniquement titre dinformation.vi blankBSISO5805:1997 BSI 06-1999 1 1 Scope 1 Domaine dapplication This International Standard defines terms

20、 relating to human biodynamics or which are used in specific contexts in other standards pertaining to the evaluation of human exposure to mechanical vibration and shock. It provides standard definitions of terms and supplements ISO 2041 but does not contain general terms readily found in dictionari

21、es. NOTE 1A few synonyms are included among terms defining directions of vibration or shock affecting man, where wide-spread use of the synonym in the literature on biodynamics or the evaluation of human exposure to mechanical vibration and shock is still current. However, use of the primary standar

22、d term (listed first) is preferred, and the use of ambiguous terms is deprecated. References to “shock” in the context of biodynamics are to be understood in the mechanical, and not the medical sense. Mechanical shock (commonly called “impact” when applied to man) is defined in ISO 2041. NOTE 2Refer

23、ences to “man” should be interpreted as applying equally to man or woman. NOTE 3The numbers appearing before each term are arbitrary within each categorical section: they are used solely for reference purposes, including the facilitation of cross-reference in translation of the primary term between

24、the languages of ISO and its member bodies. La prsente Norme internationale dfinit les termes relatifs la biodynamique de lindividu et les termes utiliss dans des contextes bien spcifiques dans dautres normes se rapportant lvaluation de lexposition de lindividu aux vibrations et chocs mcaniques. Ell

25、e donne des dfinitions normalises de termes et complte lISO 2041 mais ne contient pas de termes gnraux faciles trouver dans des dictionnaires. NOTE 1Quelques synonymes ont t ajouts aux termes dfinissant les directions des vibrations ou des chocs affectant lindividu, lorsque lusage de ces termes dans

26、 la littrature concernant la biodynamique ou lvaluation de lexposition de lindividu aux vibrations et chocs mcaniques est encore largement rpandu. Il est cependant prfrable demployer le terme primaire normalis (qui figure en premier dans la liste), lemploi de synonymes ambigus tant dconseill. Le ter

27、me choc dans le contexte de la biodynamique est comprendre dans son sens mcanique et non dans son sens mdical. Le choc mcanique (appel gnralement impact lorsquil sapplique lindividu) est dfini dans lISO 2041. NOTE 2Il convient dinterprter le terme individu comme sappliquant lhomme ou la femme. NOTE

28、3Les indices numriques placs devant chaque terme sont arbitraires lintrieur de chaque section: ils servent uniquement de rfrence et galement faciliter la recherche de la traduction correspondante du terme primaire entre les langues officielles de lISO et ses comits membres. 2 Normative reference 2 R

29、frence normative The following standard contains provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. At the time of publication, the edition indicated was valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this Interna

30、tional Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the standard indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 2041:1990, Vibration and shock Vocabulary. La norme suivante contient des dispo

31、sitions qui, par suite de la rfrence qui en est faite, constituent des dispositions valables pour la prsente Norme internationale. Au moment de la publication, ldition indique tait en vigueur. Toute norme est sujette rvision et les parties prenantes des accords fonds sur la prsente Norme internation

32、ale sont invites rechercher la possibilit dappliquer ldition la plus rcente de la norme indique ci-aprs. Les membres de la CEI et de lISO possdent le registre des Normes internationales en vigueur un moment donn. ISO 2041:1990, Vibrations et chocs Vocabulaire. 3 General terms 3 Termes gnraux 3.1 bui

33、lding vibration shock 3.1 vibration choc dans un btiment mechanical vibration shock affecting man, or sensed or detectable by man, in or on a building, bridge or other fixed structure vibration choc mcanique qui affecte lindividu, ou que celui-ci ressent ou peut dtecter, dans ou sur un btiment, un p

34、ont ou une autre structure fixe NOTEBuilding vibration disturbing to man is very often associated with airborne sound, and many people have difficulty in distinguihing vibratory disturbances from acoustical disturbances in buildings. NOTELes vibrations dans un btiment gnantes pour lindividu sont sou

35、vent associes des bruits ariens et de nombreuses personnes parviennent mal distinguer les gnes vibratoires des gnes acoustiques dans les btiments.BSISO5805:1997 2 BSI 06-1999 3.2 footfall 3.2 pas mechanical vibration, shock motion or noise generated by people moving about in buildings vibration mcan

36、ique, mouvement de choc ou bruit engendr par des personnes se dplaant dans les btiments 3.3 indirect vibration 3.3 vibration indirecte mechanical vibration which disturbs man without entering the body vibration mcanique qui gne lindividu sans pntrer dans son corps EXAMPLE EXEMPLE Visible oscillation

37、 of objects in the field of view. Oscillation visible dobjets dans le champ visuel. 3.4 limb vibrator segmental vibrator 3.4 vibreur appliqu aux membres vibreur segmental vibration machine (usually small) for applying vibration topically to a human limb or other segment of the body for experimental

38、or therapeutic purposes machine (gnralement de petite taille) servant appliquer des vibrations localement un membre ou une autre partie du corps des fins exprimentales ou thrapeutiques 3.5 ride 3.5 vibration dun trajet measurable motion environment (including vibration, shock, translational and rota

39、tional accelerations) as experienced by people in or on a vehicle ensemble de mouvements mesurables (y compris les vibrations, les chocs, les acclrations de translation et de rotation), ressentis par les personnes dans ou sur un vhicule NOTESome authorities regard associated noise heard inside a mov

40、ing vehicle as part of the ride environment, particularly where a composite vibroacoustical environment generally adverse to man is generated by a common source or sources (e.g.fork-lift trucks, helicopters, ships, space vehicles). NOTECertains experts considrent les bruits associs entendus lintrieu

41、r dun vhicule en marche comme faisant partie de lenvironnement vibratoire du roulement, en particulier lorsquun environnement vibro-acoustique composite, gnralement hostile lindividu, est cr par une ou plusieurs sources communes (par exemple chariots lvateurs fourche, hlicoptres, navires, engins spa

42、tiaux). 3.6 self-applied vibration 3.6 vibration autoapplique mechanical vibration applied to ones own body for therapeutic, recreational or pleasurable purposes vibration mcanique applique son propre corps des fins thrapeutiques, pour la dtente ou le plaisir 3.7 self-generated vibration 3.7 vibrati

43、on auto-induite gbiodynamics endogenous vibration, that is, vibratory or oscillatory motion of or within the body induced by muscular activity (e.g. walking, dancing, rocking) or the involuntary action of organs (e.g. the beating of the heart, neuromuscular tremor) gbiodynamique vibration endogne, c

44、est-dire mouvement vibratoire ou oscillatoire du corps ou lintrieur du corps, induit par lactivit musculaire (par exemple la marche, la danse, le balancement) ou le fonctionnement involontaire dorganes (par exemple les battements de coeur, le tremblement neuromusculaire)BSISO5805:1997 BSI 06-1999 3

45、3.8 vibration shock limit 3.8 limite de vibration choc quantitative expression of the maximum intensity or severity of mechanical vibration shock recommended for human exposure according to a specified criterion (for example, a boundary of safe exposure when the criterion is the prevention of injury

46、 or disease) NOTEStandards on human exposure to vibration and shock commonly define evaluation methods for human response, and, in some cases, specific dose-response relationships are given or implied. As a general rule, it is not properly the function of International Standards to prescribe absolut

47、e exposure limits. In some member countries, vibration shock limits are sometimes set by legislative or regulatory authorities. Where that is done, the use of evaluation methods and data ratified in international or cognate national consensus standards should be encouraged. expression quantitative d

48、e lintensit ou de la svrit maximale des vibrations chocs mcaniques recommande pour lexposition de lindividu en fonction dun critre spcifique (parexemple limite dune exposition sans danger quand ce critre est la prvention de blessure ou de maladie) NOTELes normes sur lexposition des individus aux vibrations et aux chocs dfinissent en gnral des mthodes permettant dvaluer la rponse humaine. Dans certains cas, elles donnent ou impliquent des relations dose-rponse spcifiques. En rgle gnrale, ce nest pas vraiment le rle de telles Normes i