BS ISO 5893-2002 Rubber and plastics test equipment - Tensile flexural and compression types (constant rate of traverse) - Specification《橡胶和塑料的试验设备 拉伸、弯曲和压缩型（横动的速率） 规范》.pdf

1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 5893:2002 Rubber and plastics test equipment Tensile, flexural and compression types (constant rate of traverse) Specification ICS 83.200 BS ISO 5893:2002 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Materials and Chemicals Sector Policy and Strategy

2、 Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 7 August 2002 BSI 7 August 2002 ISBN 0 580 40202 9 National foreword This British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO 5893:2002 and implements it as the UK national standard. It supersedes BS 5214-1:1995 whi

3、ch is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PRI/20, Accuracy of rubber and plastics test equipment, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references T

4、he British Standards which implement international publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online.

5、This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible

6、 international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, th

7、e ISO title page, pages ii to iv, pages 1 to 6, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright date displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Comments Reference number ISO 5893:2002(E) OSI 2002INTERNATIONAL STA

8、NDARD ISO 5893 Third edition 2002-07-01 Rubber and plastics test equipment Tensile, flexural and compression types (constant rate of traverse) Specification Appareils dessai du caoutchouc et des plastiques Types pour traction, flexion et compression (vitesse de translation constante) Spcifications B

9、SISO5893:2002BSISO5893:2002iiIS:3985 O2002(E) I SO 2002 All irthgs ersedevr iiiContents Page Foreword.iv 1 Scope1 2 Normative references1 3 Terms and definitions .1 4 Designation of machine class 2 5 Design features2 6 Types of force-measuring system .3 7 Steady-state machine accuracy .3 8 Dynamic m

10、achine accuracy .3 9 Measurement of elongation (deflection) .4 10 Rate of displacement of driven grip 5 11 Machine stiffness.5 12 Stability.6 13 Certificate of verification.6 BSISO5893:2002iiiIS:3985 O2002(E) vi I SO 2002 All irthgs ersedevrForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardiz

11、ation) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be

12、 represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standar

13、ds are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an Intern

14、ational Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights

15、. ISO 5893 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 45, Rubber and rubber products, Subcommittee SC 2, Testing and analyses. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 5893:1993), which has been technically revised. The modifications mainly concern the steady-state machine acc

16、uracy. BSISO5893:2002ivINTENRATIONAL TSANDADR IS:3985 O2002(E)I SO 2002 All irthgs ersedevr 1Rubber and plastics test equipment Tensile, flexural and compression types (constant rate of traverse) Specification 1 Scope This International Standard specifies requirements for tensile-testing systems ope

17、rating at constant rate of traverse and suitable for testing rubbers, plastics and adhesives, although any one system may only be applicable to a narrower range of materials. It also covers such systems when used for flexural, shear and compression tests. 2 Normative reference The following normativ

18、e document contains provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this International Standard are

19、encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the normative document indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO

20、 7500-1: 1) , Metallic materials Verification of static uniaxial testing machines Part 1: Tension/compression testing machines Verification and calibration of the force-measuring system 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this International Standard, the following terms and definitions apply

21、. 3.1 tensile-testing system machine composed of a nominally fixed member and a movable member, to which may be attached suitable grips or jigs for holding a test piece NOTE The movable member is power-driven and may be equipped with adjustable speed control. The machine has a force-measuring system

22、 complete with indicator and/or recorder. In addition, a system may be included for measuring the extension or deflection of the test piece. 3.2 applied force force which produces the distortion in the test piece, measured along the strain axis of the machine NOTE For the purpose of this definition,

23、 “grip” is taken to mean “platen” or other member for application of force to the test piece when the machine is used for tests other than tensile tests. Depending on the arrangement of the grips of jigs, the test piece will be in tension, shear, compression or flexure. 3.3 elongation increase in th

24、e gauge length of a tensile test piece when subjected to a tensile force 1) To be published. (Revision of ISO 7500-1:1999) BSISO5893:20021IS:3985 O2002(E) 2 I SO 2002 All irthgs ersedevr3.4 deflection distortion, in the direction of the applied force, of a test piece in compression, shear or flexure

25、 4 Designation of machine class Machines are designated according to their accuracy in measuring the following parameters: a) force (class 0,5, 1, 2 or 3 as given in ISO 7500-1); b) elongation or deflection (class A, B, C, D or E as given in Table 1). For example, a machine of the highest accuracy i

26、s designated “Force: class 0,5; Elongation (deflection): class A”. It is not implied that test machines are available commercially in all the theoretically possible classes. If, for any application, it is not considered necessary to specify the accuracy of measurement of either of these parameters,

27、then no class number or letter is quoted. NOTE Stringent specifications of test machine accuracy are of little value unless testing technique is closely controlled. Correlation of test data from different laboratories depends as much upon testing techniques as on machine specifications. Operator err

28、ors, test piece installation technique and test piece variability are major sources of error. Care shall be taken to avoid exposure of the machine to draughts or to radiant heat. 5 Design features 5.1 Size and construction The size and construction shall be such that the machine is capable of testin

29、g all materials for which it is intended to be used and has no features which may adversely affect the test results. The moving grip shall be capable of traversing a distance sufficient to accommodate the maximum elongation of the test piece. In the case of the more highly extensible materials, a tr

30、averse distance in excess of 1 m may be necessary. 5.2 Axial alignment of the machine The coupling between the force-measuring system and the test piece grips or jigs shall be accurately aligned with the strain axis. When fitted in place, the test piece shall also be accurately aligned with the stra

31、in axis, and the test axis of the test piece shall coincide with the direction of the applied force. NOTE Non-axial alignment of a test piece in the grips and lack of test piece symmetry are particularly important causes of variation in test results. 5.3 Test piece grips For testing dumb-bell, paral

32、lel-strip and similar tensile test pieces of flexible materials, the machine shall be provided with a type of grip which closes automatically as the tension increases (e.g. wedge or pneumatic) and which exerts a uniform pressure across the whole width of the test piece. For rigid materials, screw-ac

33、tion grips are also suitable. The test piece shall be held in such a manner that slippage relative to the grips is prevented as far as possible. For testing ring test pieces, the machine shall be provided with two pulleys, both of which are free to rotate; one at least being automatically rotated by

34、 the machine at between 3 rpm and 50 rpm to equalize the strain in the ring during the test. The pulleys shall be 25 mm in diameter for large rings (44,6 mm ID) and 4,5 mm in diameter for small rings (8,0 mm ID). BSISO5893:20022IS:3985 O2002(E) I SO 2002 All irthgs ersedevr 3For testing adhesion in

35、the peel mode, the machine shall be provided either with the grips described in the relevant test method or with grips which exert a uniform pressure across the whole width of the test piece. The test piece shall be held in such a manner that slip relative to the grips is prevented. When an adhesion

36、 test piece is made from different adherends, then grips of a different design may be required for each adherend. 5.4 Drive characteristics The moving crosshead of the machine shall be driven smoothly at all test speeds, and the drive shall be without any significant backlash. 5.5 Jigs for use in co

37、mpression, shear and flexure testing Such jigs or fixtures shall conform with the requirements of the relevant method of test or material specification. They shall not significantly affect the accuracy of the machine by the introduction of friction, backlash or misalignment. 6 Types of force-measuri

38、ng system In all cases, a continuous indication of the force applied to the test piece, preferably recorded automatically with a permanent indication of the maximum force, shall be provided. Machines with low-inertia force-measuring systems are preferred. NOTE Pendulum-type machines may have levels

39、of friction and inertia which will significantly affect their dynamic response and decrease their accuracy. 7 Steady-state machine accuracy For each force scale, an accuracy class of 0,5, 1, 2 or 3 is specified (see clause 4). The designation of each scale of a machine depends upon the values of rel

40、ative errors of accuracy, repeatability and reversibility found when the machine is verified in accordance with ISO 7500-1. When separate scales for use in compression or other modes of operation are provided, these shall be verified separately. 8 Dynamic machine accuracy Tensile-testing machines fi

41、tted with electronic force-measuring devices may be regarded as sufficiently free of inertia at the test speeds given in clause 10. This does not necessarily apply to the electronic recorders normally used with them, and in many cases the dynamic inaccuracy of these recorders considerably exceeds th

42、eir steady- state inaccuracy. All electromechanical recorders suffer from dynamic errors which are usually made up of acceleration errors, stemming from the inertia of the device, and pen-lag errors due to mechanical and electrostatic friction effects. Measurement of dynamic recorder accuracy is bes

43、t achieved by recording the error-signal level during the test. This can be done without affecting instrument performance, but it is usually technically difficult. It is therefore not considered practicable at present to specify limits and a calibration procedure for dynamic accuracy in this Interna

44、tional Standard. Consequently, the user is advised to obtain from the test-machine manufacturer dynamic- accuracy figures for the recorder with which he/she can calculate the probable measurement error, and assess whether or not it is significant. In cases where it is, either the test speed can be r

45、educed, or the full-scale reading of the output device can be increased, in order to reduce the acceleration and velocity levels. BSISO5893:20023IS:3985 O2002(E) 4 I SO 2002 All irthgs ersedevrAs a guide to recorder requirements, the response time for full-scale travel should be considerably less th

46、an the rise time of the force, if the dynamic errors are to be comparable with the steady force with the steady-state inaccuracy. It is recommended therefore that the maximum demanded pen velocity v Dshould be less than the maximum possible pen velocity v maxby a factor dependent on the machine clas

47、s as follows: max D 10 v v u for class 0,5 and 1 machines max D 5 v v u for class 2 and 3 machines If only the recorder response time T is known, then v maxmay be calculated approximately from the following equation: max R v T = where R is the full-scale deflection of the recorder. If the above reco

48、mmendations are not followed, the user is advised to obtain details of recorder errors arising from dynamic operation from the manufacturer. 9 Measurement of elongation (deflection) The elongation (deflection) of rubber and plastics test pieces may be measured by methods of test utilizing a) grip se

49、paration; b) extensometers attached to the test piece; c) optical or other remote (non-attached) extensometers. When elongation is measured, a continuous indication of the elongation (deflection), preferably recorded autographically in the form of a force/elongation (deflection) curve, and a permanent indication of the maximum elongation (deflection) shall be given. For some purposes, particularly the elongation of ring test pieces and for tests in flexure, s