BS ISO 6196-1-1994 Micrographics - Vocabulary - General terms《缩微摄影技术 词汇 一般术语》.pdf

1、BSI BS+ISOXbL9b- II 93 = II624669 04OLL7 055 BRITISH STANDARD Implementation of IS0 6196-1 : 1993 m 3s IS0 6196-1 : Micrographics - Vocabulary - Part 1: General terms 1993 BSI BS*ISO*bL9b- 1 93 m Lb24bb 0401818 T9L m BS IS0 6196-1: 1993 National foreword This British Standard reproduces verbatim IS0

2、 6196-1 : 1993 and implements it as the UK national standard. It supersedes BS 6054 : lart 1 : 1981, which is withdrawn. This British Standard is published under the direction of the Information and Documentation Standards Policy Committee whose ichnical Committee DOT/16 has the responsibility to: -

3、 aid enquirers to understand the text; - present to the responsible international committee any enquiries on interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep UK interests informed; - monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. NOTE. International and Europ

4、ean Standards, as well as overseas standards, are available from Customer Services, Publications, BSI, Linford Wood, Milton Keynes, MK14 6LE. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. BSI BS*ISO*bLSb- 1 93 m 1624669 0401817 728 m I NTE RNATI ONAL S

5、TANDARD NORME I NTERNATI ON ALE IS0 6196-1 Second edition Deuxime edition 1993-10-01 Micrographics - Vocabulary - Part O1 : General terms Micrographie - Vocabulaire - Partie 01: Termes gnraux Reference number Numro de rfrence IS0 6196-1 :1993(E/F) BSI BS*ISO*bIISb- II 93 m Lb24bb 040IIB20 b4T m IS0

6、6196-1:1993(E/F) Foreword IS0 (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (IS0 member bodies). The work of preparing Inter- national Standards is normally carried out through IS0 technical committees. Each member body interested in a su

7、bject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. IS0 collaborates closely with the International Electro- technical Commission

8、 (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. International

9、Standard IS0 6196-1 was prepared by Technical Committee iSO/rC 171, Micrographics and optical memories for document and image recording, storage and use. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (IS0 6196-1:1980), of which it constitutes a technical revision. IS0 6196 consists of t

10、he following parts, under the general title Micrographics - Vocabulary : - Part O I: General terms - Part 02: Image positions and methods of recording - Part 03: Film processing - Part 04: Materials and packaging - Part 05: Quality of images, legibility, inspection - PartO6: Equipment - Part 07: Com

11、puter micrographics - Part 08: Application Annex A of this part of IS0 6196 is for information only. O IS0 1993 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permissi

12、on in writing from the publisher./Droits de reproduction rserves. Aucune partie de cette publication ne peut tre reproduite ni utilise sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procd, lectronique ou mcanique, y compris la photocopie et les microfilms, sans laccord crit de lditeur. International Or

13、ganization for Standardization Case postale 56 CH-121 1 Genve 20 * Switzerland Printed in Switzerland/lmprim en Suisse II BSI BS*ISO*bLSb- 1 93 Lb24bb9 0401821 586 IS0 6196-1:1993(E/F) Avant-propos LISO (Organisation internationale de normalisation) est une fdration mondiale dorganismes nationaux de

14、 normalisation (comits membres de IiSO). Llabo- ration des Normes internationales est en gnral confie aux comits techniques de IISO. Chaque comit membre intress par une tude a le droit de faire partie du comit technique cr a cet effet. Les organisations internationales, gou- vernementales et non gou

15、vernementales, en liaison avec IISO participent galement aux travaux. LISO collabore troitement avec la Commission lectro- technique internationale (CEI) en ce qui concerne la normalisation electrotech- nique. Les projets de Normes internationales adopts par les comits techniques sont soumis aux com

16、its membres pour vote. Leur publication comme Normes inter- nationales requiert lapprobation de 75% au moins des comits membres votants. La Norme internationale IS0 6196-1 a t labore par le comit technique ISO/TC 17 1, Micrographie et mmoires optiques pour lenregistrement, le stockage et lutilisatio

17、n des documents et des images. Cette deuxime dition annule et remplace la premiere dition (IS0 6196-1:1980), dont elle constitue une rvision technique. LISO 6196 comprend les parties suivantes, prsentes sous le titre gnral Micrographie - Vocabulaire : - Partie O I: Termes gnraux - Partie O.?: Dispos

18、ition des images er modes de prise de vue - Partie 03: Traitement photographique - Partie 04: Suppolts et conditionnements - Partie 05: Qualit, lisibilite, contrle - Partie 06: Matriels - Partie 07: Micrographie informatique - Partie 08: Exploitation LannexeA de la prsente partie de IISO 6196 est do

19、nne uniquement a titre dinformation. . 111 BSI BS*ISO*bLSb- L 93 = Lb2irbb9 0401622 412 IS0 61 96-1 11 993( E/F) Introduction Micrographics gives rise to numerous international exchanges of both an intellectual and a material nature. These exchanges often become difficult, either because of the grea

20、t variety of terms used in various fields or languages to express the same concept, or because of the absence or imprecision of the definitions of useful concepts. To avoid misunderstandings and to facilitate such exchanges it is essential to clarify the concepts, to select terms to be used in vario

21、us languages or in various countries to express the same concept, and to establish definitions providing satisfactory equivalents for the various terms in different languages. BSI BS*ISO*bLb- L 93 m Lb24bb9 0403823 359 m IS0 6196-1 :1993(E/F) Introduction La micrographie est a lorigine de multiples

22、changes intellectuels et matriels sur le plan international. Ceux-ci souffrent souvent des difficults provoques par la diversit des termes utiliss pour exprimer la mme notion dans des langues ou dans des domaines diffrents, ou encore de labsence ou de limprcision des dfinitions pour les notions les

23、plus utiles. Pour viter des malentendus et faciliter de tels changes, il parat essentiel de prciser les notions, de choisir les termes employer dans les diffrentes langues et dans les divers pays pour exprimer la mme notion, et dtablir pour ces termes des dfinitions quivalentes dans chaque langue. B

24、SI BS*ISO*bL9b- 1 93 W Lb24669 0401824 295 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD NORME INTERNATIONALE IS0 6196-1:1993(E/F) Micrographics - Vocabulary - Part 01: General terms Section 1: General 1.1 Scope This part of IS0 6196 is intended to facilitate international communication in micrographics. It presents, in t

25、wo languages, terms and definitions of selected concepts relevant to the field of information processing and ident- ifies relationships between the entries. In order to facilitate their translation into other languages, the definitions are drafted so as to avoid, as far as poss- ible, any peculiarit

26、y attached to a language. 1.2 Normative references The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this part of IS0 6196. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to ag

27、reements based on this part of IS0 6196 are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. Members of IEC and IS0 maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. IS0 1087: 1990, Terminology - Vocabulary. IS0 3166:1988,

28、Codes for the representation of names of countries. Micrographie - Vocabulaire - Partie 01: Termes gnraux 1.1 D Section 1 : Gnralits m ne dapplication La prsente partie de IISO 6196 a pour objet de faciliter les changes internationaux dans le domaine de la micro- graphie. cet effet, elle prsente un

29、ensemble bilingue de termes et de dfinitions ayant trait des notions choisies dans ce domaine, et dfinit les relations pouvant exister entre les diffrentes notions. Les dfinitions ont t tablies de manire viter les par- ticularismes propres une langue donne, en vue de faciliter leur transposition dan

30、s les langues autres que celles ayant servi la rdaction initiale. 1.2 Rfrences normatives Les normes suivantes contiennent des dispositions qui, par suite de la rfrence qui en est faite, constituent des dispositions valables pour la prsente partie de IISO 6196. Au moment de la publication, les ditio

31、ns indiques taient en vigueur. Toute norme est sujette rvision et les parties prenantes des accords fonds sur la prsente partie de IISO 6196 sont invites rechercher la possibi- lit dappliquer les ditions les plus rcentes des normes indiques ci-aprs. Les membres de la CE1 et de IISO pos- sdent le reg

32、istre des Normes internationales en vigueur a un moment donn. IS0 1087: 1990, Terminologie - Vocabulaire. 1 BSI BS*ISO*bLSb- 1 93 m 1624669 0403825 121 m IS0 61 96-1 : 1993( E/F) IS0 10241:1992, International terminology standards - Preparation and layout. 1.3 Principles and rules followed 1.3.1 Def

33、inition of an entry Section 2 comprises a number of entries. Each entry con- sists of a set of essential elements that includes an index number, one term or several synonymous terms, and a phrase defining one concept. In addition, an entry may include examples, notes or illustrations to facilitate u

34、nder- standing of the concept. Occasionally, the same term may be defined in different entries, or two or more concepts may be covered by one entry, as described in 1.3.5 and 1.3.8 respectively. The presentation rules laid down in IS0 10241 are fol- lowed in IS0 6196. Other terms such as vocabulary,

35、 concept, term and definition are used in this part of IS06196 with the meaning defined in IS0 1087. 1.3.2 Organization of an entry Each entry contains the essential elements defined in 1.3.1 and, if necessary, additional elements. The entry may con- tain the following elements in the following orde

36、r: a) an index number (common for all languages in which this part of IS0 6196 is published); b) the term or the generally preferred term in the language. The absence of a generally accepted term for the concept in the language is indicated by a symbol consisting of five points (.); a row of dots ma

37、y be used to indicate, in a term, a word to be chosen in each particular case; c) the preferred term in a particular country (identified according to the rules of IS0 3166); d) the abbreviation for the term; e) permitted synonymous termb); f) the text of the definition (see 1.3.4); g) one or more ex

38、amples with the heading “EXAMPLEW; IS0 3166:1988, Codes pour la representation des noms de Pays. IS0 10241 : 1992, Normes terminologiques internationales - Elaboration et prsentation. 1.3 Principes dtablissement et rgles suivies 1.3.1 Dfinition de larticle La section 2 est compose dun certain nombre

39、 darticles. Chaque article est compos dun ensemble dlments essentiels comprenant le numro de rfrence, le terme ou plusieurs termes synonymes et la dfinition dune notion couverte par ces termes. Cet ensemble peut tre complt par des exemples, des notes, des schmas ou des tableaux destins a faciliter l

40、a comprhension de la notion. Parfois, le mme terme peut tre dfini dans des articles diffrents, ou bien deux notions ou davantage peuvent tre couvertes par un seul article: voir respectivement 1.3.5 et 1.3.8. Les rgles de prsentation nonces dans IISO 10241 sont suivies dans IISO 6196. Dautres termes

41、tels que vocabulaire, notion, terme, dfi- nition sont employs dans la prsente partie de IISO 6196 avec le sens qui leur est donn dans IISO 1087. 1.3.2 Constitution dun article Chaque article contient les lments essentiels dfinis en 1.3.1 et, si ncessaire, des lments supplmentaires. Larticle peut don

42、c comprendre dans lordre les lments suivants: a) un numro de rfrence (le mme, quelle que soit la langue de publication de la prsente partie de IISO 6196); b) le terme, ou le terme prfr en gnral dans la langue. Labsence, dans une langue, de terme consa- cr ou conseiller pour exprimer une notion est i

43、ndi- que par un symbole consistant en cinq points de sus- pension (.); les points de suspension peuvent tre employs pour dsigner, dans un terme, un mot choisir dans chaque cas particulier; c) le terme prfr dans un certain pays (identifi selon les rgles de IISO 3166); d) labrviation pouvant tre emplo

44、ye la place du terme; e) le terme ou les termes admis comme synonymes; f) le texte de la dfinition (voir 1.3.4); 2 BSI BSXISOXbL9b- II 93 3624bb9 O403826 Ob8 IS0 6196-1:1993(E/F) h) one or more notes specifying particular cases in the field of application of the concepts, with the heading “NOTEW“; i

45、) a picture, a diagram, or a table which could be common to several entries. 1.3.3 Classification of entries A two-digit serial number is assigned to each part of IS0 6196, beginning with O1 for the part entitled “general terms“. In certain cases, the entries are classified in groups to each of whic

46、h is assigned a four-digit serial number; the first two digits being those of the part of IS0 6196. In certain cases, each entry is assigned a six-digit index number; the first four digits being those of the part of IS0 6196 and the group. In order that versions of IS0 6196 in various languages are

47、related, the numbers assigned to parts, groups and entries are the same for all languages. 1.3.4 Selection of terms and wording of definitions The selection of terms and the wording of definitions have, as far as possible, followed established usage. When there were contradictions, solutions agreeab

48、le to the majority have been sought. 1.3.5 Multiple meanings When, in one of the working languages, a given term has several meanings, each meaning is given a separate entry in order to facilitate translation into other languages. 1.3.6 Abbreviations As indicated in 1.3.2, abbreviations in current u

49、se are given for some terms. Such abbreviations are not used in the texts of the definitions, examples or notes. 1.3.7 Use of parentheses In some terms, a word or words printed in bold typeface are placed between parentheses. These words are part of the complete term, but they may be omitted when use of the abridged term in a technical