BS ISO 7967-12-2014 Reciprocating internal combustion engines Vocabulary of components and systems Exhaust emission control systems《往复式内燃机 零部件和系统词汇 排放控制系统》.pdf

1、BSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 7967-12:2014Reciprocating internalcombustion engines Vocabulary of components andsystemsPart 12: Exhaust emission control systemsBS ISO 7967-12:2014 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 7967-12:2014.The UK participatio

2、n in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee MCE/14, RIC engines.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correcta

3、pplication. The British Standards Institution 2014. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2014ISBN 978 0 580 80806 7ICS 01.040.27; 27.020Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Stra

4、tegy Committee on 31 December 2014.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS ISO 7967-12:2014 ISO 2014Reciprocating internal combustion engines Vocabulary of components and systems Part 12: Exhaust emission control systemsMoteurs alternatifs combustion interne Vocabulaire des composant

5、s et des systmes Partie 12: Systmes de contrle des missions de gaz dchappementINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO7967-12First edition2014-12-15Reference numberISO 7967-12:2014(E)BS ISO 7967-12:2014ISO 7967-12:2014(E)ii ISO 2014 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2014All rights reserved. Unles

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7、dress below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCase postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11Fax + 41 22 749 09 47E-mail copyrightiso.orgWeb www.iso.orgPublished in SwitzerlandBS ISO 7967-12:2014ISO 7967-12:2014(E)Contents PageForeword iv1 Scope . 12 Nor

8、mative references 13 Terms and definitions . 13.1 Exhaust emission matter 13.2 Exhaust emission control system and device . 33.3 Parameters for exhaust emission control system . 5Bibliography 8 ISO 2014 All rights reserved iiiBS ISO 7967-12:2014ISO 7967-12:2014(E)ForewordISO (the International Organ

9、ization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been establish

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15、 document is ISO/TC 70, Internal combustion engines ISO 7967 consists of the following parts, under the general title Reciprocating internal combustion engines Vocabulary of components and systems: Part 1: Structure and external covers Part 2: Main running gear Part 3: Valves, camshaft drive and act

16、uating mechanisms Part 4: Pressure charging and air/exhaust gas ducting systems Part 5: Cooling systems Part 6: Lubricating systems Part 7: Governing systems Part 8: Starting systems Part 9: Control and monitoring systems Part 10: Ignition systems Part 11: Fuel systems Part 12: Exhaust emission cont

17、rol systemsiv ISO 2014 All rights reservedBS ISO 7967-12:2014Reciprocating internal combustion engines Vocabulary of components and systems Part 12: Exhaust emission control systems1 ScopeThis part of ISO 7967 establishes a vocabulary for emission control systems of reciprocating internal combustion

18、 engines.ISO 2710-1 gives a classification of reciprocating internal combustion engines and denotes basic terms and definitions of such engines and their characteristics.In this part of ISO 7967, terms are classified as the following:a) exhaust emission matter;b) exhaust emission control system and

19、device;c) parameters for exhaust emission control system.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest

20、 edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 8178-1:2006, Reciprocating internal combustion engines Exhaust emission measurement Part 1: Test-bed measurement of gaseous and particulate exhaust emissionsISO 8178-9:2012, Reciprocating internal combustion engines Exhaust e

21、mission measurement Part 9: Test cycles and test procedures for test bed measurement of exhaust gas smoke emissions from compression ignition engines operating under transient conditions3 Terms and definitions3.1 Exhaust emission matter3.1.1exhaust emissionpollutants contained in the exhaust gas fro

22、m internal combustion engines or phenomenon of emitting such pollutantsINTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 7967-12:2014(E) ISO 2014 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 7967-12:2014ISO 7967-12:2014(E)3.1.2particulate matterparticulatesPMparticles contained in the exhaust gas which consist primarily of carbon, condens

23、ed hydrocarbons and sulfates, and associated waterNote 1 to entry: “Particulate matter” is defined more precisely for the measurement or regulation purposes as “material collected on a specified filter medium after diluting exhaust gases with clean, filtered air to a temperature of greater than 315

24、K (42 C) and less than or equal to 325 K (52 C), as measured at a point immediately upstream of the primary filter”. Refer to ISO 8178-1:2006, 3.1.3.1.3total suspended particulate (matter)TSPparticulate matter (3.1.2) with a diameter less than 100 micrometres3.1.4sootfine carbonic matter generated d

25、uring the combustion process of fuels3.1.5exhaust gas smokediesel smokevisible suspension of solid and/or liquid particles in gases resulting from combustion or pyrolysisSOURCE: ISO 8178-9:2012, 3.13.1.6SOxsulphur oxides, such as SO2and SO3, contained in the exhaust gas3.1.7NOxnitrogen oxides, such

26、as NO and NO2, contained in the exhaust gas3.1.8nitrous oxideN2Ogaseous exhaust emission (3.1.1) that is mainly produced by deoxidization reaction in SCR system for internal combustion engines3.1.9carbon dioxideCO2gaseous exhaust emission (3.1.1) that is produced by oxidization reaction of fuel and

27、air in combustion process of internal combustion engines3.1.10volatile organic compoundVOCsuspended particulate matter (3.1.2) such as toluene, xylene, ethyl acetate, which is mainly produced by evaporation of fuel or paint but also produced by the exhaustion of unburned fuel from RIC engines2 ISO 2

28、014 All rights reservedBS ISO 7967-12:2014ISO 7967-12:2014(E)3.1.11total hydrocarbonTHCtotal quantity of hydrocarbons which remain in the exhaust gas as a result of unburning or imperfect burning of fossil fuel and lubricantNote 1 to entry: “Total hydrocarbon” is defined more precisely for the measu

29、rement or regulation purposes as “combined mass of organic compounds measured by the specified procedure of measuring total hydrocarbon, expressed as a hydrocarbon with a hydrogen-to-carbon mass ratio of 1,85:1”. Refer to UN, Global technical regulation No.11, 3.1.69.63.1.12blowby gascombustion cham

30、ber gas leaked to the crankcase through the clearance between piston, piston rings, and cylinder wall3.1.13photochemical smogharmful smog (a mixture of smoke and fog) in the ambient air which is produced by chemical reaction between pollutants in smoke and sunlight3.1.14non-methane hydrocarbonNMHCsu

31、m of all hydrocarbon species except methane3.2 Exhaust emission control system and device3.2.1reactive manifoldexhaust manifold with excessive volume to decrease combustible exhaust gas components by thermal oxidation reaction3.2.2exhaust port linerliner inserted in the exhaust port to keep the exha

32、ust gas temperature high3.2.3thermal reactorequipment which reduces combustible emissions, such as HC and CO, by thermal oxidation process3.2.4catalytic converterequipment which reduces exhaust emissions (3.1.1) using catalyst3.2.5oxidation catalytic converterequipment which reduces HC and CO in the

33、 exhaust gas by oxidation catalyst3.2.6selective catalytic reductionSCRmeans to reduce NOxemission in the exhaust gas by converting NOxto N2and water using catalystNote 1 to entry: For example, see Figure 1.Note 2 to entry: Usually, ammonia or urea is used as the reducing agent.3.2.7NOxreduction cat

34、alytic converter equipment which reduces NOxin the exhaust gas by SCR (3.2.6) ISO 2014 All rights reserved 3BS ISO 7967-12:2014ISO 7967-12:2014(E)3.2.8deNOxsystemexhaust after-treatment systems designed to reduce NOx, such as passive and active lean NOxcatalysts, NOxabsorbers, and NOx reduction cata

35、lytic converter (3.2.7)3.2.9three-way catalytic converterequipment which reduces HC, CO, and NOxin the exhaust gas simultaneously by oxidation and deoxidization catalyst3.2.10oxygen sensor(lambda) sensorsensor for measuring oxygen content of exhaust gas3.2.11secondary air supply systemsystem which s

36、upplies additional air into the exhaust gas to oxidize and reduce unburned emissions3.2.12exhaust gas recirculationEGRmeans to reduce NOxemission in the exhaust gas by re-circulating a portion of the exhaust gas back to the engine to be mixed with the charge airNote 1 to entry: For example, see Figu

37、re 2.3.2.13internal EGRmeans to reduce NOxemission in the exhaust gas by increasing the amount of residual gas in the cylinder at scavenging process and with the same effect as EGR (3.2.12)3.2.14diesel particulate filterDPFfilter installed in the exhaust passage of a diesel engine to remove particul

38、ate matter (3.1.2)Note 1 to entry: For example, see Figure 4.Note 2 to entry: DPF with wash coat and precious metal which can help decrease the regeneration temperature of PM collected on the filter is sometimes called “catalysed diesel particulate filter (CDPF)”.3.2.15gasoline particulate filterGPF

39、filter installed in the exhaust gas passage of gasoline engine to remove the particulate matter (3.1.2)3.2.16particulate trap oxidizerfilter which is installed after DPF (3.2.14) and has the ability to burn off the collected PM (3.1.2) in DPF3.2.17exhaust scrubberequipment to reduce emission matters

40、 in exhaust gas by scrubbing with sea water, fresh water, or dry sorbent materialNote 1 to entry: A scrubber using water is called “wet scrubber” while the scrubber using dry sorbent is called “dry scrubber”.4 ISO 2014 All rights reservedBS ISO 7967-12:2014ISO 7967-12:2014(E)3.3 Parameters for exhau

41、st emission control system3.3.1space velocitySVexhaust gas volume flow rate divided by the volume of the catalyst3.3.2EGR ratiorEGRratio of re-circulated exhaust gas flow to total inlet gas flow into cylinderNote 1 to entry: EGR ratio can be calculated using the following formula:rmmmEGREGR IN EGR=+

42、()whererEGRis the EGR ratio;mEGRis the re-circulated exhaust gas flow;mINis the inlet air flow.3.3.3emission indexEInormalized indicator of emission levelsNote 1 to entry: to entry: For example, emission index for NOxis expressed as follows:EImmNONOfxx=whereEINOxis the emission index for NOx;mNOxis

43、the mass flow rate of NOxin the exhaust gas(g/s);mfis the mass flow rate of fuel (kg/s).3.3.4specific emissionmass flow rate of pollutant per unit power outputNote 1 to entry: It is usually expressed in mg/J or g/KW-hr.3.3.5emission coefficientemission factorquantity of emitted pollutant per total q

44、uantity of used fuelNote 1 to entry: This term is mainly used to indicate the measure for greenhouse gas production of the unit or plant.3.3.6(catalyst) conversion efficiencypercentage of concerned exhaust pollutant converted to harmless substances by the catalytic converter (3.2.4) ISO 2014 All rig

45、hts reserved 5BS ISO 7967-12:2014ISO 7967-12:2014(E)Figure 1 Example of selective catalytic reduction (SCR, 3.2.6)Figure 2 Example of exhaust gas recirculation (3.2.12) for marine applications6 ISO 2014 All rights reservedBS ISO 7967-12:2014ISO 7967-12:2014(E)Figure 3 Example of exhaust scrubbing sy

46、stem for marine applicationsFigure 4 Example of diesel particulate filter (DPF, 3.2.14) Cut-out view ISO 2014 All rights reserved 7BS ISO 7967-12:2014ISO 7967-12:2014(E)Bibliography1 ISO 2710-1, Reciprocating internal combustion engines Vocabulary Part 1: Terms for engine design and operation2 JIS B

47、 0110, Reciprocating internal combustion engines Vocabulary of particular components (in Japanese)3 SCR system for NOx reduction of Medium Speed Marine Diesel Engine, 26th CIMAC Congress, Paper No. 2284 Tier III Compliance Low Speed Engines, Technical Brochure, Man Diesel 01.040.27Price based on 8 p

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