BS ISO IEC 12087-2-1995 Information technology - Computer graphics and image processing - Image processing and interchange (IPI) - Functional specification - Programmer-s imaging k.pdf

1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO/IEC 12087-2:1994 Implementation of ISO/IEC 12087-2:1994 Information technology Computer graphics and image processing Image processing and interchange (IPI) Functional specification Part 2: Programmers imaging kernel system application program interface ICS 35.140.00BSISO/IEC

2、12087-2:1994 This British Standard, having been prepared under the directionof the Information Systems Technology Standards Policy Committee, was publishedunder the authority ofthe Standards Board and comesinto effect on 15April1995 BSI 05-2000 The following BSI references relate to the work on this

3、 standard: Committee reference IST/31 Draft for comment 92/68727 DC ISBN 0 580 23710 9 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Information Systems Technology Standards Policy Committee (IST/-) to Technical Committee IST/31, upon

4、which the following bodies were represented: Department of Trade and Industry IT Standards Unit (Itd6a) Department of Trade and Industry (National Engineering Laboratory) Information Systems Committee of the Universities Funding Council Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Amendments issued since publicat

5、ion Amd. No. Date CommentsBSISO/IEC12087-2:1994 BSI 05-2000 i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover National foreword ii Foreword v Text of ISO/IEC 12087-2 1BSISO/IEC12087-2:1994 ii BSI 05-2000 National foreword This British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO/IEC12087-2:1994and imple

6、ments it as the UK national standard. This British Standard is published under the direction of the Information Systems Technology Standards Policy Committee whose Technical Committee IST/31 has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international com

7、mittee any enquiries on interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. NOTEInternational and European Standards, as well as overseas standards, are available from Customer Services, BSI,

8、389 Chiswick High Road, London, W4 4AL. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. S

9、ummary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, theISO/IEC title page, pages ii to vi, pages 1 to 646 and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment

10、table on the inside front cover.ISO/IEC12087-2:1994(E) ii BSI 05-2000 Contents Page Foreword v 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 2 3 Symbols and abbreviations 2 4 Programmers Imaging Kernel System specification 6 4.1 PIKS imaging model 6 4.1.1 Image data objects 7 4.1.2 Non-image data objects 8 4.1.3

11、 Data object creation 9 4.2 PIKS operators, tools, data object repository utilities, and system mechanisms 9 4.2.1 Operators 9 4.2.2 Tools 10 4.2.3 Data object repository 10 4.2.3.1 Impulse response function arrays 10 4.2.3.2 Dither arrays 11 4.2.3.3 Colour conversion matrices 11 4.2.4 Utilities 11

12、4.2.5 System mechanisms 11 4.3 PIKS operator model 19 4.3.1 Non-image to non-image operators 19 4.3.2 Image to non-image operators 19 4.3.3 Image to image operators 19 4.3.4 Neighbourhood operators 20 4.3.5 Operator index assignment 20 4.4 PIKS system mechanisms 22 4.4.1 Data object allocation 22 4.

13、4.2 Match point control 23 4.4.3 ROI control 24 4.4.4 ROI data object creation and manipulation 26 4.4.5 Asynchronous control 27 4.4.6 Element chaining 29 4.4.6.1 Chain construction 29 4.4.6.2 Chain execution 30 4.4.7 Virtual register control 32 4.4.7.1 Virtual registers for storage of PIKS temporar

14、y variables 33 4.4.7.2 Virtual registers for asynchronous control 33 4.4.7.3 Virtual registers for chain iteration and conditional execution 34 4.4.7.4 Virtual registers for auditing asynchronous state 34 4.4.8 Global element control 34 4.4.9 Composite image management 35 4.4.9.1 Composite image ide

15、ntifier arrays 35 4.4.9.2 Composite image identifier lists 36 4.4.9.3 Composite image identifier records 36 4.4.10 PIKS error handling 37 4.4.11 PIKS operational states 38 4.5 PIKS utilities 40 4.5.1 Inquiry 40 4.5.2 Import and export 40 4.5.2.1 Data object import and export utilities 41ISO/IEC12087

16、-2:1994(E) BSI 05-2000 iii Page 4.5.2.2 PIKS to application data type conversion 41 5 PIKS conformance and extension methods 43 5.1 Foundation profile 43 5.2 Application profiles 43 5.3 Full profile 43 5.4 IIF capability profiles 43 5.5 PIKS profile definitions 43 5.6 Extension methods 53 6 PIKS ele

17、ment specification template 53 7 PIKS element specifications 59 Annex A (normative) Definitions of mathematical functions 539 A.1 Conventional mathematical symbols 539 A.2 Operational symbols 539 A.3 Mathematical functions 540 Annex B (informative) PIKS element support source image structure 544 Ann

18、ex C (informative) PIKS element support destination image structure 554 Annex D (informative) PIKS element support source and destination imagedata type 490 Annex E (informative) PIKS operator support operator order 500 Annex F (informative) PIKS element functionality 505 Annex G (normative) PIKS da

19、ta object repository 514 G.1 Impulse response function arrays 514 G.2 Dither arrays 525 G.3 Colour conversion matrices 526 Annex H (normative) PIKS image resampling 538 Annex J (normative) PIKS error codes 544 Annex K (informative) Bibliography of image processing books 552 Annex L (informative) Alp

20、habetical listings of PIKS elements by profile 553 L.1 Alphabetical listing of PIKS elements in the Foundation profile 553 L.2 Alphabetical listing of PIKS elements in the Technical profile 555 L.3 Alphabetical listing of PIKS elements in the Scientific profile 559 L.4 Alphabetical listing of PIKS e

21、lements in the Full profile 566 Figure 1 PIKS imaging model 6 Figure 2 PIKS operator model: non-image to non-image operators 19 Figure 3 PIKS operator model: image to non-image operators 20 Figure 4 PIKS operator model: image to image operators 21 Figure 5 Operator index assignment 21 Figure 6 Examp

22、le of match point translation for image subtraction 24 Figure 7 Examples of ROI operation 25 Figure 8 Example of the relationship between a ROI and an image 27 Figure 9 Examples of PIKS element chains 31 Figure 10 PIKS operational state diagram 39 Figure 11 PIKS interface to the IIF gateway and an a

23、pplication 40 Figure 12 PIKS to application interface 42 Table 1 PIKS image objects 7 Table 2 PIKS operators listed by functional class 11 Table 3 PIKS tools listed by functional class 15ISO/IEC12087-2:1994(E) iv BSI 05-2000 Page Table 4 PIKS utilities listed by functional class 16 Table 5 PIKS syst

24、em mechanisms listed by functional class 17 Table 6 PIKS data type codes 42 Table 7 External physical data types supported by PIKS 43 Table 8 Data types of PIKS non-image data objects supported in the Foundation profile 44 Table 9 PIKS conformance profiles 45 Table 10 Number of operators, tools, uti

25、lities, mechanisms, and total elements in each profile 46 Table 11 PIKS elements in each profile 46 Descriptors: Data processing, information interchange, graphic data processing, image processing, communication procedure, specifications, operating requirements.ISO/IEC12087-2:1994(E) BSI 05-2000 v F

26、oreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technic

27、al committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part

28、in the work. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1. Draft International Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approva

29、l by at least75% of the national bodies casting a vote. International Standard ISO/IEC12087-2was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, Subcommittee SC 24, Computer graphics and image processing. ISO/IEC12087consists of the following parts, under the general tit

30、le Information technology Computer graphics and image processing Image processing and interchange (IPI) Functional specification: Part 1: Common architecture for imaging; Part 2: Programmers imaging kernel system application program interface; Part 3: Image Interchange Facility. Annex A, Annex G, An

31、nex H and Annex J form an integral part of this part of ISO/IEC 12087. Annex B, Annex C, Annex D, Annex E, Annex F, Annex K and Annex L are for information only.vi blankISO/IEC12087-2:1994(E) BSI 05-2000 1 1 Scope This part of ISO/IEC12087establishes the specification of the application program inte

32、rface (API), called the Programmers Imaging Kernel System (PIKS). ISO/IEC 12087-1 establishes the conceptual and architectural definitions of the Common Architecture for Imaging (CAI. ISO/IEC 12087-3 establishes the specification of the Image Interchange Facility (IIF). PIKS is intended to provide a

33、 rich set of both low-level and high-level services on image and image-derived data objects. These services can be used as building blocks for a broad range of common imaging applications. A conscious effort has been made by the developers of PIKS to create a standard that does not favor any particu

34、lar computing system. Implementations of PIKS should be possible on computing systems ranging in architecture from general purpose computers to specialised hardware accelerators, ranging in size from personal computers to mainframe supercomputers, and ranging in connectivity from stand-alone machine

35、s to distributed computing networks. Where applicable, PIKS relies on other APIs and data format standards to provide capabilities that are not unique to imaging. The following lists contain a summary of technological capabilities provided by PIKS and not provided by PIKS. However, it should be note

36、d that PIKS functionality may be useful as a pre-processor or co-processor for many of the technologies in the “Not provided by PIKS” list. NOTEThe Image Interchange Facility of ISO/IEC 12087-3 specifies image compression and decompression functionality and image transport between applications and b

37、etween an application and PIKS. Provided by PIKS image analysis image classification (basic) image enhancement image interchange between PIKS and an application image interchange between PIKS and the IIF image manipulation primitives image processing data object generation tools (e.g., image filter

38、functions) image restoration image visualization (basic) standard colour models Not provided by PIKS audio computer graphics device control image acquisition image communication image compression and decompression image display image transport between applications image understanding multimedia patt

39、ern recognition specific implementations video window systemsISO/IEC12087-2:1994(E) 2 BSI 05-2000 2 Normative references The following standards contain provisions which, through references in this text, constitute provisions of this part of the ISO/IEC 12087. At the time of publication, the edition

40、s indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this part of ISO/IEC 12087 are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent standards indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International

41、 Standards. ISO/IEC 12087-1:, Information technology Computer graphics and image processing Image Processing and Interchange (IPI) Functional specification Part 1: Common Architecture for Imaging 1) . ISO/IEC 12087-3:, Information technology Computer graphics and image processing Image Processing an

42、d Interchange (IPI) Functional specification Part 3: Image Interchange Facility 1) . 3 Symbols and abbreviations The following are symbols and abbreviations utilized in this standard. The mathematical functions are defined in Annex A. 1) to be published. 0D zero-dimensional 1D one-dimensional 2D two

43、-dimensional 3D three-dimensional 4D four-dimensional 5D five-dimensional ACOS arc cosine function AND logical AND operator API Application Program Interface ASIN arc sine function ASSIGN index assignment function between image and operator input indices ASN.1 abstract syntax notation one ATAN arc t

44、angent function ATAN2 arc tangent ratio function b spectral band index of an image B image spectral band size BD Boolean data type (PIKS internal) BER basic encoding rules BI external Boolean pixel data type BITEXT bit extraction function BITINS bit insertion function BP Boolean data type (PIKS para

45、meter) CAI Common Architecture for Imaging CAS Hartley cas function CCIR Comite Consultatif International des Radiocommunications CD complex arithmetic data type (PIKS internal) CF external complex floating point pixel data type CHAIN chain data object CHOICE choice function CIE Commission Internati

46、onale de lEclairage COLR colour image CONJ complex conjugate functionISO/IEC12087-2:1994(E) BSI 05-2000 3 COS cosine function CP complex arithmetic data type (PIKS parameter) CS character string data type D single operator output image DET determinant of matrix argument DOB destination non-image obj

47、ect Dq q-th operator output image, 1 k q k Q DST single destination image DSTq q-th destination image 1 k q k Q EBU European Broadcasting Union EP enumerated parameter ERF Gaussian error function EXP exponential function EXT external data type GEN generic image HIST histogram data object i square ro

48、ot of minus one, i = ID data object identifier (PIKS internal) ID_ARRAY composite image identifier array ID_LIST composite image identifier list ID_RECORD composite image identifier record IEC International Electrotechnical Commission IEEE Institute Electrical and Electronic Engineers IIF Image Inte

49、rchange Facility IMAG imaginary part of complex number argument function in input parameter IP data object identifier (PIKS parameter) IPI Image Processing and Interchange ISO International Organisation for Standardisation j first operator index J first operator index size k second operator index K second operator index size l third operator index L third operator index size LIV lowest integer value of argument function LOG base e natural logarithm function LOOK lookup ta