BS PD CEN TR 16792-2014 Safety of children-s clothing Recommendations for the design and manufacture of children-s clothing Mechanical safety《儿童服装安全 儿童服装的设计和生产建议 机械安全》.pdf

1、BSI Standards PublicationPD CEN/TR 16792:2014Safety of childrens clothing Recommendations forthe design and manufactureof childrens clothing Mechanical safetyPD CEN/TR 16792:2014 PUBLISHED DOCUMENTNational forewordThis Published Document is the UK implementation of CEN/TR 16792:2014.The UK participa

2、tion in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee TCI/66/-/2, Safety of childrens clothing.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are re

3、sponsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2014.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2014ISBN 978 0 580 83900 9 ICS 61.020; 97.190 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This Published Document was published under the authority of

4、 the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 December 2014.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dTECHNICAL REPORT RAPPORT TECHNIQUE TECHNISCHER BERICHT CEN/TR 16792 December 2014 ICS 61.020; 97.190 English Version Safety of childrens clothing - Recommendatio

5、ns for the design and manufacture of childrens clothing - Mechanical safety Scurit des vtements denfants - Recommandations pour la conception et la fabrication des vtements denfants - Scurit mcanique Sicherheit von Kinderbekleidung - Teil 1: Mechanische Sicherheit This Technical Report was approved

6、by CEN on 15 December 2014. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 248. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ic

7、eland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Man

8、agement Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. CEN/TR 16792:2014 EPD CEN/TR 16792:2014CEN/TR 16792:2014 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 3 Introduction .4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative refer

9、ences 5 3 Terms and definitions .6 4 Mechanical hazards and associated risks 9 5 Risk assessment . 10 6 Garment design, materials and construction 11 7 Manufacture . 18 8 Packaging 21 9 Security tagging and display of garments for retail 21 Annex A (informative) Accident data 22 Annex B (normative)

10、Method for determination of removal force of attached components 23 Annex C (informative) Method for determination of the security of attachment of non-grippable attached components . 33 Annex D (informative) Information to be supplied by the designer to the manufacturer . 37 Annex E (informative) R

11、ational for age definitions . 38 Annex F (informative) Test method for tensile strength of buttons and recommended minimum strength. . 39 Annex G (normative) Slide/zip fastener specification 42 Annex H (normative) Small parts assessment 43 Bibliography . 44 PD CEN/TR 16792:2014CEN/TR 16792:2014 (E)

12、3 Foreword This document (CEN/TR 16792:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 248, “Textiles and textile products”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or

13、 CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. PD CEN/TR 16792:2014CEN/TR 16792:2014 (E) 4 Introduction The General Product Safety Directive 2001/95/EC 1 require all products placed on the market to be safe, and provide information on how the safety of products

14、 should be assessed. According to the General Product Safety Directive 1 product safety may be assessed by reference to the following: specific product regulations; national regulations; European standards which have had their references published in the Official Journal of the European Union; other

15、 European standards; community technical specifications; national standards (i.e. national standards that are not versions of European standards); industry codes of good practice; European Technical Report (TR) state of the art and technology; and the safety which consumers may reasonably expect. Mo

16、re details on assessment of product safety are given in the EU The General Product Safety Directive 2001/95/EC. When designing childrens clothing, it is essential to take into consideration the behaviour of children, whose need for exploration and challenge drives them to use items in new and differ

17、ent ways. One common factor children share is that they are unaware of cause and effect and are therefore substantially less cautious than adults in relation to hazards. It should be emphasized that consideration of the recommendations given in this Technical Report from the earliest possible stage,

18、 i.e. the design stage, is of prime importance. Recommendations on risk assessment are given in Clause 5. The recommendations given relate only to mechanical safety. There are many other safety aspects relating to childrens clothing that need to be considered when carrying out a full risk assessment

19、, including chemical safety, thermal protection (against heat or cold), avoidance of overheating, flammability, PD CEN/TR 16792:2014CEN/TR 16792:2014 (E) 5 1 Scope This Technical Report gives recommendations for the design and manufacture of safe childrens clothing in relation to mechanical hazards.

20、 This Technical Report also gives recommendations on safety aspects of the packaging and display of childrens clothing, including guidance for retailers. This Technical Report is applicable to clothing including bonnets, hats, gloves, scarves, socks and other clothing accessories intended for all ch

21、ildren up to 14 years of age. It is suggested that dressing up clothes meet the recommendations of this Technical Report in addition to the requirements of EN 71. This Technical Report is intended for use at all stages of the clothing supply chain, including use by designers, specifiers and manufact

22、urers of childrens clothing. It is also intended to be used by importers, distributors and retailers to assist them in the selection of clothing that does not present a hazard. This Technical Report is not applicable to: a) child care articles, such as bibs, nappies and soother holders; b) footwear,

23、 such as boots, shoes and slippers; or c) toys and other items sold with the clothing; as these articles are not within the scope of CEN/TC 248. This Technical Report does not include recommendations on any clothing features that might be necessary to cater for children with special needs. 2 Normati

24、ve references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) ap

25、plies. BS 3084, Slide fasteners (zips) - Specification EN 14682, Safety of childrens clothing - Cords and drawstrings on childrens clothing - Specifications EN ISO 139, Textiles - Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing (ISO 139) EN ISO 3758, Textiles - Care labelling code using symbols (I

26、SO 3758) EN ISO 6330, Textiles - Domestic washing and drying procedures for textile testing (ISO 6330) EN ISO 7500-1, Metallic materials - Verification of static uniaxial testing machines - Part 1: Tension/compression testing machines - Verification and calibration of the force-measuring system (ISO

27、 7500-1) EN ISO 10012, Measurement management systems - Requirements for measurement processes and measuring equipment (ISO 10012) ISO 4915, Textiles - Stitch types - Classification and terminology PD CEN/TR 16792:2014CEN/TR 16792:2014 (E) 6 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document,

28、 the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 baby child from birth up to age 12 months, that is all children of height up to and including 80 cm 3.2 infant child from age 12 months to and including 36 months, that is all children over 80 cm and up to and including 98 cm in height 3.3 child and yo

29、ung person person aged over 36 months and up to 14 years (that is up to and including 13 years and 11 months), that is all children over 98 cm in height and for girls up to 176 cm and for boys 182 cm in height 3.4 babies clothing garments intended by design manufacture or selling route to be worn by

30、 babies 3.5 infants clothing garments intended by design, manufacture or selling route to be worn by infants 3.6 childrens clothing garments intended by design, manufacture or selling route to be worn by children 3.7 foreign object object not intended to be a part of a garment, for example, broken n

31、eedle, stone 3.8 ischaemic injury injury to a part of the body resulting from a restriction of blood circulation 3.9 attached components 3.9.1 press fastener fastening device consisting of a male component and a female component that are attached to different parts of a garment and which is fastened

32、 by aligning the two components and pressing them together Note 1 to entry: Press fasteners include poppers and snaps. Note 2 to entry: Press fasteners can be attached to a garment mechanically or can be sewn on. 3.9.2 tack button fastening device comprising a button with a hollow shank on the back

33、and a separate sharp tack, which is attached to a garment by pushing the sharp end of the tack through the fabric from the reverse side into the shank of the button Note 1 to entry: Tack buttons are also known as stud buttons. PD CEN/TR 16792:2014CEN/TR 16792:2014 (E) 7 Note 2 to entry: Tack buttons

34、 are widely used on denim and other casual garments. 3.9.3 rivet two part assembly, comprising a part (referred to as a burr) which is attached to the outer surface of the garment by a tack which passes though the fabric from the reverse side Note 1 to entry: Rivets are usually used as reinforcement

35、s, particularly on the corners of pockets on denim and other casual garments. 3.9.4 eyelet item used to reinforce a hole through a garment, comprising a short metal tube with a flange at one end which is fastened to the garment by pushing it through the hole and compressing it against a die Note 1 t

36、o entry: An eyelet may also include a washer on the reverse side. Note 2 to entry: Eyelets are used to facilitate lacing or the insertion of a drawstring, to drain pockets or to provide ventilation. 3.9.5 pom-pom ball created either from cut lengths of thread or yarn fastened at the centre, or from

37、a piece of fabric filled with filling material Note 1 to entry: Pom-poms can be secured directly to a garment or attached by means of a cord. 3.9.6 tassel bundle of lengths of yarn or other materials fastened at one end and free at the other end Note 1 to entry: Tassels can be secured directly to a

38、garment or attached by means of a cord. 3.9.7 tab piece of textile or other material, of flat or looped construction, attached to the outside of a garment either for identification or for decorative purposes Note 1 to entry: These are distinct from adjusting tabs, which are defined in EN 14682. 3.9.

39、8 button knob or disc which is attached to a garment as a means of fastening or ornamentation 3.9.9 label fabric, plastic or similar attached to the garment to provide instructions, information or to identify the garment brand 3.10 garment assembly section of a garment, made under production conditi

40、ons, using production equipment and the components that are to be used in production 3.11 hazard potential source of harm to the wearer of a garment PD CEN/TR 16792:2014CEN/TR 16792:2014 (E) 8 3.12 risk combination of the probability of occurrence of a hazard and the severity of the harm which that

41、hazard could be expected to cause 3.13 risk assessment thorough evaluation of the risks that a garment could present to the wearer as a result of the design, materials, components and construction of the garment 3.14 sharp object object with one or more edges or points which are exposed, or which co

42、uld become exposed, and which are likely to cause a cutting or piercing injury to the wearer of a garment 3.15 touch and close fastener fastener consisting of two pile fabric tapes that are attached to different parts of a garment which is fastened by pressing the pile sides of the two tapes togethe

43、r and which can be unfastened by peeling apart the two tapes starting at either end Note 1 to entry: Touch and close includes hook and loop. 3.16 wear trial trial of a garment involving wear by intended users in order to obtain information on the wear performance and characteristics of the garment 3

44、.17 magnet piece of iron, steel or alloy having the properties of attracting or repelling iron 3.18 magnetic material material capable of being attracted by, or acquiring the properties of a magnet 3.19 zip/slide fastener moving component consisting essentially of a slider body and, normally, a pull

45、er, which opens or closes the fastener by separating or engaging the interlocking members Note 1 to entry: The slider might incorporate a locking device. Alternative slider types are available with a flip-over puller or double pullers, to facilitate operation from both front and back sides. 3.20 app

46、liqu cut out design or shape attached to the face of material for ornamentation, frequently of a different type and/or shade of material 3.21 filling material material which is encased in fabric to form part of the structure of a garment Note 1 to entry: Filling materials include wadding, foams and

47、feathers. PD CEN/TR 16792:2014CEN/TR 16792:2014 (E) 9 4 Mechanical hazards and associated risks 4.1 Ischaemic injuries Ischaemic injuries can be caused by loose or untrimmed threads on the foot or hand area of garments becoming wrapped around fingers or toes, or by entrapment of fingers or toes in o

48、pen fabrics (e.g. crochet) or in fabrics with long float stitches. Entrapment of tongue or fingers is possible in large inflexible openings , in components such as buttons, press fasteners, eyelets and zip/slide fasteners. These can cause a tourniquet effect, thus restricting the blood circulation.

49、This is a particular concern in clothes for babies as the source of distress cannot be communicated by the baby and might go undetected for some time. In addition, areas of skin or parts of the genitalia can protrude through a mesh fabric used as a lining for swimming trunks. The skin from these parts can become entrapped in the mesh leading to ischaemic injury. Elasticated cuffs can also cause a reduction in blood flow to the hands or feet if the elastic is too tight or too strong; this is a particular concern in baby clothing. 4.2 Entr