1、Recommendations for renewable energy and hybrid systems for rural electrificationPart 9-1: Integrated systems Micropower systemsPD IEC/TS 62257-9-1:2016BSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06National forewordThis Published Document is the UK implementation o
2、f IEC/TS 62257-9-1:2016. It supersedes DD IEC/TS 62257-9-1:2008 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee GEL/82, Photovoltaic Energy Systems.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This pub
3、lication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions ofa contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2016.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2016ISBN 978 0 580 91979 4ICS 27.160; 27.180Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer im
4、munity fromlegal obligations.This Published Document was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 October 2016.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affectedPUBLISHED DOCUMENTPD IEC/TS 62257-9-1:2016IEC TS 62257-9-1 Edition 2.0 2016-09 TECHN
5、ICAL SPECIFICATION Recommendations for renewable energy and hybrid systems for rural electrification Part 9-1: Integrated systems Micropower systems INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION ICS 27.160 ISBN 978-2-8322-3585-0 Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission Warni
6、ng! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor. colourinsidePD IEC/TS 62257-9-1:2016 2 IEC TS 62257-9-1:2016 IEC 2016 CONTENTS FOREWORD . 5 INTRODUCTION . 7 1 Scope 8 2 Normative references. 9 3 Terms and definitions 9 4 General . 11 4.1 Boundary of a micropower plan
7、t 11 4.2 Composition of a micropower plant 12 4.3 General functional layout of a micropower plant . 12 5 Design . 13 5.1 Design criteria . 13 5.2 Power generation mix 14 5.2.1 General . 14 5.2.2 Internal combustion generator sets . 15 5.3 Electrical design 15 5.3.1 System voltage selection 15 5.3.2
8、Interconnection of generators . 16 5.4 Mechanical and civil works 16 5.4.1 Civil works . 16 5.4.2 Technical room 16 5.4.3 Battery room 17 5.4.4 Specific requirements . 17 6 Safety issues . 17 6.1 Electrical issues 17 6.1.1 General . 17 6.1.2 Specific requirements . 17 6.2 Mechanical issues . 21 6.3
9、Thermal and fire issues . 21 6.4 Noise issues . 21 6.5 Access security . 22 7 Erection of equipment 22 7.1 Siting 22 7.1.1 Photovoltaic array 22 7.1.2 Wind turbine 22 7.1.3 Micro-hydro turbine 22 7.1.4 Generator set . 23 7.1.5 Technical room 23 7.1.6 Battery bank (battery enclosure) . 23 7.2 Equipme
10、nt installation . 24 7.2.1 Mechanical 24 7.2.2 Electrical . 24 8 Acceptance process. 27 8.1 General . 27 8.2 Phase 1: Preparation . 27 8.3 Phase 2: Documentation . 27 PD IEC/TS 62257-9-1:2016IEC TS 62257-9-1:2016 IEC 2016 3 8.4 Phase 3: Commissioning . 27 8.4.1 Step 1: Evaluation of the conformity o
11、f the installed system with the accepted design . 27 8.4.2 Step 2: Evaluation of qualification of the installation 27 8.4.3 Step 3: Preliminary tests 27 8.4.4 Step 4: Performance testing . 28 8.5 Phase 4: Agreement 29 8.6 Commissioning records . 29 9 Operation, maintenance and replacement 29 10 Mark
12、ing and documentation . 29 10.1 Marking . 29 10.1.1 Information for emergency services 29 10.1.2 Information for maintenance . 29 10.1.3 Information for batteries . 30 10.1.4 Signs . 30 10.2 Documentation 30 Annex A (informative) Selectivity of protection 32 Annex B (informative) Risk assessment of
13、lightning stroke 34 B.1 General . 34 B.2 Risk assessment simplified methodology . 34 B.3 Risk assessment multi-criteria methodology . 34 Annex C (normative) Voltage domains 37 Annex D (informative) Battery room 38 D.1 Administrative formalities 38 D.2 Battery siting . 38 D.3 Characteristics of the b
14、attery storage site: specific battery room or locker 38 D.4 Electrical equipment 39 D.5 Safety instructions . 40 D.6 Battery enclosure examples (informative) 40 Annex E (informative) Energy fraction calculations . 45 Annex F (informative) Noise control 46 F.1 General . 46 F.2 Assessment of noise ann
15、oyance 46 F.3 Principles of noise attenuation . 46 F.4 Noise reduction methods for specific items of equipment 47 F.4.1 Generator sets . 47 F.4.2 Wind turbines . 47 F.4.3 Inverters and other electronic equipment 47 Annex G (informative) Commissioning record sheet (examples) 48 Bibliography . 59 Figu
16、re 1 Micropower system limits 12 Figure 2 Example of functional layout for a micropower plant supplying a.c. energy . 13 Figure 3 Interconnection configuration with d.c. bus and a.c. bus 16 Figure 4 Interconnection configuration with a.c. bus only 16 Figure 5 Example of protection against effects of
17、 lightning and over-voltage for generators with two live conductors output (d.c. or a.c.) TNS P+N . 18 PD IEC/TS 62257-9-1:2016 4 IEC TS 62257-9-1:2016 IEC 2016 Figure 6 Example of protection against effects of lightning over-voltage for three phase generators with four live a.c. conductors (TNS P+N
18、 scheme) Generator side. 19 Figure 7 Example of a simplified lightning protection including a crows foot earth termination . 19 Figure 8 Protection of a photovoltaic array 20 Figure 9 Wiring arrangement for equipotential link 21 Figure A.1 Example of the selectivity of protection 33 Figure D.1 Two e
19、xamples of a battery installed in a dedicated equipment room showing clearances from equipment 41 Figure D.2 Example of a battery enclosure within a room where the battery enclosure is vented to outside the building 42 Figure D.3 Example of a battery enclosure with equipment enclosure immediately ad
20、jacent . 43 Figure D.4 Example of a battery enclosure with the intake and outlet vents on the same wall . 44 Table 1 Minimum dimensions for lightning protection wires . 20 Table 2 Cross-section of 230 V a.c. power cables . 25 Table 3 Fuse ratings for protection from short-circuiting in 230 V/400 V a
21、.c. circuits 26 Table 4 Fuse ratings for protection from short-circuiting in 120 V/208 V a.c. circuits 26 Table 5 Circuit-breaker ratings for protection from short-circuiting . 26 Table B.1 Stake index values . 34 Table B.2 Construction index values . 35 Table B.3 Height index values 35 Table B.4 Si
22、tuation index values 35 Table B.5 Lightning prevalence index values 35 Table B.6 Assessment of risk and need for protection . 36 Table C.1 Voltage domains 37 PD IEC/TS 62257-9-1:2016IEC TS 62257-9-1:2016 IEC 2016 5 INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION _ RECOMMENDATIONS FOR RENEWABLE ENERGY AND
23、HYBRID SYSTEMS FOR RURAL ELECTRIFICATION Part 9-1: Integrated systems Micropower systems FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is
24、 to promote international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and
25、 Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising with the
26、IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations. 2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly a
27、s possible, an international consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all interested IEC National Committees. 3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National Committees in that sen
28、se. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any misinterpretation by any end user. 4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees und
29、ertake to apply IEC Publications transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter. 5) IEC itself does not provide any at
30、testation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any services carried out by independent certification bodies. 6) All users should ensure that they have the latest editio
31、n of this publication. 7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direc
32、t or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC Publications. 8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is indispensab
33、le for the correct application of this publication. 9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. The main task of IEC technical committe
34、es is to prepare International Standards. In exceptional circumstances, a technical committee may propose the publication of a technical specification when the required support cannot be obtained for the publication of an International Standard, despite repeated efforts, or the subject is still unde
35、r technical development or where, for any other reason, there is the future but no immediate possibility of an agreement on an International Standard. Technical specifications are subject to review within three years of publication to decide whether they can be transformed into International Standar
36、ds. IEC 62257-9-1, which is a technical specification, has been prepared by IEC technical committee 82: Solar photovoltaic energy systems. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition, issued in 2008. It constitutes a technical revision. PD IEC/TS 62257-9-1:2016 6 IEC TS 62257-9-1:2016
37、 IEC 2016 The main technical changes with regard to the previous edition are as follows: Changing the voltage range covered by the technical specification to a.c. nominal voltage below 1 000 V and d.c. nominal voltage below 1 500 V (introduction) Defining the rating of the microgrids to be the outpu
38、t of the microgrid (introduction) Including 240 V 1-/415 V 3-, in the voltage levels (introduction) Specifying Non-separated MPPTs connecting LV d.c. arrays to ELV d.c. battery banks are not allowed (5.3.1.1) Noting that systems can now include a.c. bus arrangements and use MPPTs as the solar contro
39、llers thus increasing the internal voltages that occur in systems (5.3.1.2) Increased equipotential bonding for lightning protection from minimum 10 mm2to minimum 16 mm2(6.1.2.2) Included a new subclause (7.1.6) on battery enclosures including possible arrangements shown as Clause D.6 Rewritten LV M
40、ultiple sources (7.2.2.3.1) Included start-up procedure in documentation (10.2) The text of this technical specification is based on the following documents: Enquiry draft Report on voting 82/1028/DTS 82/1087/RVC Full information on the voting for the approval of this technical specification can be
41、found in the report on voting indicated in the above table. This document has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. This technical specification is to be used in conjunction with the IEC 62257 series and with future parts of this series as and when they are published. A lis
42、t of all parts in the IEC 62257 series, published under the general title Recommendations for renewable energy and hybrid systems for rural electrification, can be found on the IEC website. Future standards in this series will carry the new general title as cited above. Titles of existing standards
43、in this series will be updated at the time of the next edition. The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the stability date indicated on the IEC website under “http:/webstore.iec.ch“ in the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the
44、 publication will be transformed into an International standard, reconfirmed, withdrawn, replaced by a revised edition, or amended. A bilingual version of this publication may be issued at a later date. IMPORTANT The colour inside logo on the cover page of this publication indicates that it contains
45、 colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a colour printer. PD IEC/TS 62257-9-1:2016IEC TS 62257-9-1:2016 IEC 2016 7 INTRODUCTION The IEC 62257 series of documents intends to provide to the different pla
46、yers involved in rural electrification projects (such as project implementers, project contractors, project supervisors, installers, etc.) documents for the setting-up of renewable energy and hybrid systems with a.c. nominal voltage below 1 000 V, and d.c. nominal voltage below 1 500 V. These docume
47、nts are recommendations: to choose the right system for the right place; to design the system; to operate and maintain the system. These documents are focused only on rural electrification concentrating on, but not specific to, developing countries. They must not be considered as all-inclusive to ru
48、ral electrification. The documents try to promote the use of renewable energies in rural electrification; they do not deal with clean mechanisms developments at this time (CO2emission, carbon credit, etc.). Further developments in this field could be introduced in future steps. This consistent set o
49、f documents is best considered as a whole with different parts corresponding to items for safety, sustainability of systems and at the lowest life-cycle cost as possible. One of the main objectives is to provide the minimum sufficient requirements, relevant to the field of application, that is, small renewable energy and hybrid off-grid systems. PD IEC/TS 62257-9-1:2016 8 IEC TS 62257-9-1:2016 IEC 2016 RECOMMENDATIONS FO
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