CEN TR 1030-2-2016 Hand-arm vibration - Guidelines for vibration hazards reduction - Part 2 Management measures at the workplace.pdf

1、BSI Standards PublicationPD CEN/TR 1030-2:2016Hand-arm vibration Guidelines for vibrationhazards reductionPart 2: Management measures at theworkplacePD CEN/TR 1030-2:2016 PUBLISHED DOCUMENTNational forewordThis Published Document is the UK implementation of CEN/TR1030-2:2016. It supersedes PD 6585-2

2、:1996 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee GME/21/6, Mechanical vibration, shock and conditionmonitoring - Human exposure to mechanical vibration and shock.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its

3、 secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2016.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2016ISBN 978 0 580 90219 2ICS 13.160; 17.160Compliance with a British Standar

4、d cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This Published Document was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 May 2016.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedPD CEN/TR 1030-2:2016TECHNICAL REPORT RAPPORT TECHNIQUE TECHNISCHER BERICHT CEN/T

5、R 1030-2 May 2016 ICS 13.160 Supersedes CR 1030-2:1995English Version Hand-arm vibration - Guidelines for vibration hazards reduction - Part 2: Management measures at the workplace Vibrations main-bras - Guide pour la rduction des risques de vibrations - Mesures de prvention sur le lieu de travail H

6、and-Arm-Schwingungen - Leitfaden zur Verringerung der Gefhrdung durch Schwingungen - Teil 2: Organisatorische Manahmen am Arbeitsplatz This Technical Report was approved by CEN on 8 February 2016. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 231.CEN members are the national standards bodie

7、s of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spa

8、in, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2016 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwid

9、e for CEN national Members. Ref. No. CEN/TR 1030-2:2016 EPD CEN/TR 1030-2:2016CEN/TR 1030-2:2016 (E) 2 Contents Page European foreword 5 Introduction 6 1 Scope 8 2 Normative references 8 3 Terms and definitions . 8 4 Identification of main sources of hand-arm vibration at work 9 5 Vibration reductio

10、n by task, product and process re-design . 16 5.1 General 16 5.2 Vibration reduction by work task re-design . 17 5.3 Vibration reduction measures by product re-design 17 5.4 Vibration reduction by process re-design . 17 6 How to select low-vibration machinery, anti-vibration systems and auxiliary eq

11、uipment . 18 6.1 Selection of low-vibration machinery . 18 6.1.1 General 18 6.1.2 Questions that potential buyers should ask 19 6.1.3 Declared vibration values 20 6.2 Selection of anti-vibration systems and auxiliary equipment 20 6.2.1 Minimizing or avoiding vibration from hand-fed machines . 20 6.2

12、.2 Anti-vibration handles 21 6.2.3 Auxiliary equipment for the reduction of vibration exposure . 21 6.2.4 Use of resilient materials . 21 6.2.5 Reduction of forces exerted by operators 21 6.2.6 Personal protection . 22 7 Management measures for the control of hand-arm vibration exposure 23 7.1 Vibra

13、tion reduction strategy 23 7.1.1 General 23 7.1.2 Vibration source analysis 24 7.1.3 Overview of the most important steps in the management process 24 7.2 Quality control of manufacturing processes . 25 7.3 Maintenance of tools and equipment 25 7.4 Training and information for workers . 25 7.5 Consu

14、ltation and participation of workers . 27 7.6 Reducing the period of exposure 27 8 Health surveillance 28 Annex A (informative) Most common machines and processes which expose people to hand-arm vibration: Groups and list of hand-guided machinery 30 A.1 Tools by industry 30 A.2 Tools by function . 3

15、0 Annex B (informative) An example checklist of protective measures against vibration 34 PD CEN/TR 1030-2:2016CEN/TR 1030-2:2016 (E) 3 Annex C (informative) Vibration reduction measures by modifying the design of the product Practical examples . 39 C.1 General . 39 C.2 Metal working 39 C.3 Construct

16、ion . 39 Annex D (informative) Practical examples of vibration reduction measures by changing the process used to manufacture a product . 40 D.1 Design specification . 40 D.2 Improving productivity 40 D.3 Examples at roadway maintenance, demolition of concrete structures, pipelines 41 D.4 Examples a

17、t foundries, e.g. fettling castings, polishing, automation, auxiliary equipment . 41 D.5 Equipment primarily used in construction . 42 Annex E (informative) Vibration reduction by selection of machinery or equipment . 43 E.1 Information to be provided by manufacturers 43 E.2 Declaration of vibration

18、 emissions and test-codes 43 E.3 Using manufacturers emission values 43 E.4 Example data measured at workplaces 44 E.5 Examples 44 Annex F (informative) Getting information from manufacturers and suppliers Important questions that potential buyers should ask potential suppliers with regard to hand-a

19、rm vibration . 45 F.1 General information 45 F.2 Important questions to consider in the buying process . 47 Annex G (informative) Practical maintenance measures that should be taken to reduce vibration exposure . 49 G.1 General . 49 G.2 Machines/power tools 49 G.3 Tool consumables . 49 Annex H (info

20、rmative) Reliable definition of action and exposure limit values Consideration of the precision of definition . 50 Annex I (informative) Additional information about tool characteristics and work tasks for the tools listed in Figure 2 . 52 Bibliography . 56 PD CEN/TR 1030-2:2016CEN/TR 1030-2:2016 (E

21、) 4 Figures Figure 1 Minimization of risks from exposure to hand-arm vibration 7 Figure 2 Examples of vibration magnitudes for common tools, given as total acceleration values ahvmeasured along the 3 axes under real conditions (2005 to 2014) 12 Figure 3 Good practice to use different information sou

22、rces including aspects of uncertainty 15 Figure F.1 Examples of vibration emission declarations 46 Tables Table A.1 List of tools by function 31 Table B.1 General guidance for employers on the selection of protective measures . 34 Table F.1 Questions in the buying process of machines 47 Table H.1 So

23、urce and quality of acquired data on vibration emission or vibration exposure . 51 Table H.2 Determining the extended uncertainty K for estimation based upon the emission and exposure values in the absence of other data . 51 Table I.1 Tools used in construction work . 52 Table I.2 Tools used in land

24、scaping and gardening 53 Table I.3 Tools used in wood working 54 Table I.4 Tools used in metal working . 54 PD CEN/TR 1030-2:2016CEN/TR 1030-2:2016 (E) 5 European foreword This document (CEN/TR 1030-2:2016) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 231 “Mechanical vibration and shock”, the sec

25、retariat of which is held by DIN. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes CR 1030-2:1995. The present series CR 1030

26、 / CEN/TR 1030 is composed with the following parts: CR 1030-1, Hand-arm vibration Guidelines for vibration hazards reduction Part 1: Engineering methods by design of machinery; CEN/TR 1030-2, Hand-arm vibration Guidelines for vibration hazards reduction Part 2: Management measures at the workplace.

27、 PD CEN/TR 1030-2:2016CEN/TR 1030-2:2016 (E) 6 Introduction The habitual and prolonged use of machinery which transmits vibration to the hand can cause disorders of the upper limbs. European legislation especially the Physical Agents Directive 2002/44/EC (Vibrations at work) requires that employers

28、assess and take measures to prevent or reduce workplace risks to the health and safety of their employees. The basic strategy to be adopted is defined in the European legislation including the Directive 2002/44/EC and described in the “Non-binding guide to good practice for implementing Directive 20

29、02/44/EC (Vibrations at work)”, Part I “Guide to good practice on hand-arm vibration”, which is addressed to the European Member States. It covers the following areas of measures: a) assessment of risks; b) identification of necessary preventative and/or protective measures; c) organization for the

30、effective implementation of preventative and protective measures; d) implementation of an adequate programme of measures to prevent or reduce risks. This revised Technical Report CEN/TR 1030-2 (first edition was published as CR 1030-2 in 1995) primarily provides additional information and examples t

31、o the European “Guide to good practice on hand-arm vibration” (Part I of the Non-binding guide to good practice for implementing Directive 2002/44/EC (Vibrations at work). This Technical Report CEN/TR 1030-2 provides additional information for Member States health and safety authorities or labour au

32、thorities as well as managers, health and safety officers, engineers, planning and purchasing staff and others on further aspects of vibration effect reduction and control, which supports the practical implementation of the requirements of the Physical Agents Directive 2002/44/EC (Vibrations at work

33、). Effective protection against vibration generally requires a combination of measures which can be categorized as technical measures and management measures; see Figure 1. PD CEN/TR 1030-2:2016CEN/TR 1030-2:2016 (E) 7 Figure 1 Minimization of risks from exposure to hand-arm vibration PD CEN/TR 1030

34、-2:2016CEN/TR 1030-2:2016 (E) 8 1 Scope This Technical Report outlines practicable measures for the reduction and control of health hazards associated with exposure to hand-arm vibration at work. It supplements the European “Guide to good practice on hand-arm vibration” and provides a practical prof

35、essional aid for Member States health and safety authorities or labour authorities who write national guidance for managers, health and safety officers, engineers, planning and purchasing staff and others. This Technical Report covers the following principal aspects: a) identification of main source

36、s of hand-arm vibration at work; b) vibration reduction by re-considering task, product, process and design; c) how to select low-vibration machinery, including vibration reducing features, auxiliary equipment for control of vibration; d) other issues, e.g. personal protection and its limitation; e)

37、 management measures for the control of hand-arm vibration exposure; f) health surveillance. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undat

38、ed references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. CR 1030-1, Hand-arm vibration Guidelines for vibration hazards reduction Part 1: Engineering methods by design of machinery EN 12096, Mechanical vibration - Declaration and verification of vibration emis

39、sion values CEN/TR 15350:2013, Mechanical vibration - Guideline for the assessment of exposure to hand-transmitted vibration using available information including that provided by manufacturers of machinery EN ISO 5349-1:2001, Mechanical vibration - Measurement and evaluation of human exposure to ha

40、nd-transmitted vibration - Part 1: General requirements (ISO 5349-1:2001) EN ISO 5349-2, Mechanical vibration - Measurement and evaluation of human exposure to hand-transmitted vibration - Part 2: Practical guidance for measurement at the workplace (ISO 5349-2) ISO 2041, Mechanical vibration, shock

41、and condition monitoring Vocabulary ISO 5805, Mechanical vibration and shock Human exposure Vocabulary 3 Terms and definitions For the purpose of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 5349-2, ISO 2041 and ISO 5805 apply. PD CEN/TR 1030-2:2016CEN/TR 1030-2:2016 (E) 9 4 Identificati

42、on of main sources of hand-arm vibration at work A starting point is to consider the work being carried out, the processes involved and the tools and equipment used. Use of hand-held, hand-guided or hand-fed powered equipment should be managed. The risk assessment should: a) identify where there can

43、 be a risk from hand-arm vibration; b) estimate workers exposures using information on tool vibration and information gathered on patterns and durations of tool use and compare them with the exposure action value and exposure limit value as specified in the Physical Agents Directive 2002/44/EC (Vibr

44、ations at work); c) identify the available risk controls; d) identify people who can be at particular risk, e.g. young or pregnant workers, those who have had surgery on hands and arms or have known disorders similar to those that can be caused by vibration; e) if it is likely to help plan and imple

45、ment controls, make a more detailed assessment of exposure, e.g. including measurement; f) identify the steps to control and monitor hand-arm vibration risks; g) record the assessment, the steps that have been taken and their effectiveness; h) be revised periodically, e.g. if there are changes in th

46、e work equipment or if workers report signs or symptoms that can be attributed to vibration injury. Figure 2 shows sample ranges of vibration magnitudes of some of the most common tools and machines that create the risks. Annex A lists more examples of tools for which the management of vibration exp

47、osure is needed. The values listed in Figure 2 are values from real-world/field measurements at working places with tool applications/conditions at companies according to EN ISO 5349-2 (the values of Figure 2 are not manufacturer data or manufacturer-declared values). Annex I provides additional inf

48、ormation about tool characteristics and work tasks for the tools, listed in Figure 2. PD CEN/TR 1030-2:2016CEN/TR 1030-2:2016 (E) 10 Key X ahvin m/s21 concrete breaker E and P (39) 2 impact drill E (10) - percussive mode 3 core drill E (28) 4 trench rammer C (12) 5 plate compactor C (31) 6 cut-off s

49、aw C (19) 7 angle grinder E (12) 8 perforator SDS plus E (32) 9 perforator SDS max E (40) a 10th percentile b 75th percentile c 90th percentile a) Machinery used in construction PD CEN/TR 1030-2:2016CEN/TR 1030-2:2016 (E) 11 Key X ahvin m/s21 mower C (18) 2 brush cutter with disc C (12) 3 brush cutter with strimmer C (21) 4 chain saw C (17) 5 pole pruner B (11) 6 pole pruner P (22) 7 leaf blower C (12) 8 hedge cutter C (23) a 10th percentile b 75th percentile c 90th percentile b) Machinery used in landscaping and garden