CEN TR 13201-1-2014 Road lighting - Part 1 Guidelines on selection of lighting classes《道路照明 第1部分 照明种类的选择指南》.pdf

1、BSI Standards PublicationRoad lightingPart 1: Guidelines on selection of lighting classesPD CEN/TR 13201-1:2014National forewordThis Published Document is the UK implementation of CEN/TR 13201-1:2014. It supersedes PD CEN/TR 13201-1:2004 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was

2、 entrusted by Technical Committee EL/1, Light and lighting applications, to Subcommittee EL/1/2, Road lighting.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Use

3、rs are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2014.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2014ISBN 978 0 580 80624 7ICS 93.080.40Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This Published Document was published under the authority o

4、f theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 December 2014.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedPUBLISHED DOCUMENTPD CEN/TR 13201-1:2014TECHNICAL REPORT RAPPORT TECHNIQUE TECHNISCHER BERICHT CEN/TR 13201-1 December 2014 ICS 93.080.40 Supersedes CEN/TR 13201-1:2004English Versio

5、n Road lighting - Part 1: Guidelines on selection of lighting classes clairage public - Partie 1: Slection des classes dclairage Straenbeleuchtung - Teil 1: Leitfaden zur Auswahl der Beleuchtungsklassen This Technical Report was approved by CEN on 9 December 2013. It has been drawn up by the Technic

6、al Committee CEN/TC 169. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Ne

7、therlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2014 CEN All

8、rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. CEN/TR 13201-1:2014 EPD CEN/TR 13201-1:2014CEN/TR 13201-1:2014 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 3 Introduction .4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Terms and definitions .6 4 Outline of selection

9、 procedure .8 5 Lighting classes for motorised traffic (M) .9 6 Lighting classes for conflict areas (C) . 10 7 Lighting classes for pedestrian and low speed areas (P) 12 Annex A (informative) Examples for M and P lighting classes . 14 A.1 Examples for lighting class M . 14 A.2 Example for lighting c

10、lass P 15 Annex B (informative) Alternative method for selection of lighting classes . 17 B.1 General . 17 B.2 Lighting classes for motorised traffic and conflict areas. 18 B.3 Lighting classes for pedestrian and low speed areas 21 B.4 Example of use of Table B.1 and Figure B.1 23 Bibliography . 26

11、PD CEN/TR 13201-1:2014CEN/TR 13201-1:2014 (E) 3 Foreword This document (CEN/TR 13201-1:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 169 “Light andlighting”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the s

12、ubject of patentrights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes CEN/TR 13201-1:2004. This revised publication includes a simplified system of guidelines for selection of the lighting classes. Themost important parameter

13、s are listed for the different lighting situations - motorised traffic areas, conflict areas,and pedestrian/low speed areas. The parameters include the design speed, the traffic volume and trafficcomposition, the function of the overall layout of the road, and the environmental conditions. Road ligh

14、ting is dealt with by CEN as follows: CEN/TR 13201-1: Road lighting Part 1: Guidelines on selection of lighting classes. EN 13201-2: Road lighting Part 2: Performance requirements EN 13201-3: Road lighting Part 3: Calculation of performance EN 13201-4: Road lighting Part 4: Methods of measuring ligh

15、ting performance prEN 13201-5: Road lighting Part 5: Energy performance indicators PD CEN/TR 13201-1:2014CEN/TR 13201-1:2014 (E) 4 Introduction This document offers guidance on the selection of lighting classes and related aspects. It is applicable to fixed lighting installations intended to provide

16、 good visibility to users of outdoor public traffic areas during the hours of darkness to support traffic safety, traffic flow and public security. The document offers two alternative examples of selection of lighting classes, one based on simple lighting class and the other giving a more refined re

17、sult within the lighting class. Both methods provide comparable lighting classes and are interchangeable. Any adaptation of either of these methods or any other method can be used instead, on the national level. PD CEN/TR 13201-1:2014CEN/TR 13201-1:2014 (E) 5 1 Scope This Technical Report specifies

18、the lighting classes set out in EN 13201-2 and gives guidelines on the selection of the most appropriate class for a given situation. To do this, it includes a system to define appropriate lighting classes for different outdoor public areas in terms of parameters relevant to guarantee the aims prese

19、nted in introductions. The decision on whether a road should be lit is defined in the national road lighting policy. This varies by country or municipality. Specific guidelines are usually available at national level for each country. This Technical Report does not give the criteria on which a decis

20、ion to light an area can be made, nor on how a lighting installation should be used. Further guidance is given in CIE 115:2010 (Paragraph 1.2 and Annex A). The methods presented in Clauses 5, 6 and 7 have to be considered as the starting points of a comprehensive approach for the normal road lightin

21、g. In that sense, the models cannot cover all the different road cases; they introduce general parameters and the impact on lighting requirements. Only the real situation and its unique characteristics (geometry of the road, marking, visual environment, difficulty of the navigation task, lack of vis

22、ibility, risks of glares due to existing elements, local weather, specific users such as high rate of elderly or visually impaired people, etc.) can lead to a final determination of the appropriate lighting class applying risk evaluation techniques. The visual needs of road users under reduced traff

23、ic volumes during certain periods of night or under varying weather conditions, and the positive benefits of reduced energy consumption and potential environmental improvements, are some of the considerations which justify the installation of adaptive road lighting. There are a variety of suitable i

24、nstruments, devices and methods which can be used for the intelligent control of a road lighting installation. The control systems range from very simple to the most sophisticated applications. Annex B is of assistance in choosing the correct lighting level when adaptive lighting is used as it provi

25、des a more refined evaluation of the luminance or illuminance levels within the specific lighting class. Whilst the luminance or illuminance levels may be varied to suit reduced traffic volumes, weather conditions or other parameters the quality parameters of the applicable lighting class specified

26、in EN 13201-2 should be maintained at all times. Renewal or refurbishment of obsolete and uneconomic installations is important. It may be possible to obtain more adapted lighting levels with lower energy consumption using new designs and new technology. The upgrading of lighting and control systems

27、 will often give good cost-benefit ratios and short amortisation periods. This document does not give guidelines on the selection of lighting classes for toll stations, tunnels or canals and locks. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in thi

28、s document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 13201-2, Road lighting - Part 2: Performance requirements EN 13201-3, Road lighting

29、 - Part 3: Calculation of performance PD CEN/TR 13201-1:2014CEN/TR 13201-1:2014 (E) 6 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 13201-2 and EN 13201-3 and the following apply. 3.1 normal lighting class class with the maximum value of average lum

30、inance or illuminance at any period of operation 3.2 adaptive lighting temporal controlled changes in luminance or illuminance in relation to traffic volume, time, weather or other parameters 3.3 motorised traffic (M) motor powered vehicles 3.4 conflict area (C) relevant area where motorised traffic

31、 streams intersect each other or overlap areas frequented by other user types 3.5 pedestrians and low speed area (P) relevant area reserved for use by people on foot or using bicycle, and drivers of motorised vehicles at low speed ( 40 km/h) 3.6 design speed speed selected for purposes of design and

32、 correlation of the geometric features of a road and is a measure of the quality of design offered by the road Note 1 to entry: It is the highest continuous speed at which individual vehicles can travel with safety on a road when weather conditions are favourable and traffic density is so low that t

33、he safe speed is determined by the geometric features of the road. 3.7 traffic volume the number of vehicles passing a given point in a stated time period in both directions Note 1 to entry: E.g. average daily traffic is measured as number of vehicles per day. 3.8 maximum capacity maximum rate of fl

34、ow at which vehicles can be reasonably expected to traverse a point or uniform segment of a lane or carriageway during a specified time period under prevailing road, traffic and control conditions Note 1 to entry: Usually expressed as veh/h or veh/d. 3.9 traffic density number of vehicles occupying

35、a given length of lane or carriageway averaged over time Note 1 to entry: Usually expressed as veh/km or veh/km/lane. PD CEN/TR 13201-1:2014CEN/TR 13201-1:2014 (E) 7 3.10 traffic composition distribution of vehicle types in the traffic stream, directional distribution of traffic, lane use distributi

36、on of traffic, and type of driver population on a given facility Note 1 to entry: In this report simplified: mixed and motorised only. 3.11 junction place where several traffic routes meet, join, or cross each other, and a location where traffic can change between different routes 3.12 intersection

37、general area where two or more roads join or cross at the same level, within which are included the carriageway and roadside facilities for traffic movements 3.13 interchange grade-separated junction with one or more turning ramps for travel between the through roads 3.14 ambient luminosity assessed

38、 luminance levels of the surroundings 3.15 visual guidance / traffic control means that ensure that motorists are given adequate information on the course of the road 3.16 facial recognition visual task of pedestrians consisting of a recognition of a face at certain distances that allows to take eva

39、sive or defensive action if thought necessary Note 1 to entry: Generally, facial recognition requires an overall minimum lighting value at a distance where the recognition of a face is possible. Note 2 to entry: An ideal facial recognition distance is 10 m the point of transition between “close” and

40、 “not-close” phases. 3.17 relevant area part of the public traffic area under consideration 3.18 non-motorised pedestrians and pedal cyclists 3.19 separation of carriageways central reserve and/or guardrail 3.20 difficulty of navigational task degree of effort necessary by the road user, as a result

41、 of the information presented, to select route and lane, and to maintain or change speed and position on the carriageway Note 1 to entry: Visual guidance provided by the road is part of this information. PD CEN/TR 13201-1:2014CEN/TR 13201-1:2014 (E) 8 4 Outline of selection procedure In this Technic

42、al Report, a number of the most important parameters are listed for the different lighting situations - motorised traffic areas, conflict areas, and pedestrian and low speed areas. These parameters include the design speed, the traffic volume and traffic composition, the function and the overall lay

43、out of the road, and the environmental conditions. Selection procedures, parameters and weighting values presented in the main text of this document are based on ones defined in CIE 115:2010, Lighting of roads for motor and pedestrian traffic. Annex B is an alternative method of selection of lightin

44、g classes which allows refined evaluation of the luminance or illuminance levels given for each class in EN 13201-2. In many cases public areas consist of more than just one traffic area, e.g. often there is a carriageway with adjacent footway or cycle path. As users of the different traffic areas h

45、ave different visual demands, the respective relevant parameters have to be considered during the selection process. In selecting the normal (design) lighting class the maximum value of the selection parameters likely to occur at any period of operation should be considered, e.g. for traffic volume

46、consider peak hourly value. For simplicity, in this document only the main parameters are summarized for ordinary motorised traffic, for conflict areas and for pedestrian and low speed areas. The descriptions of the parameters and the associated options are broad so that they can be interpreted to s

47、uit the individual requirements of national recommendations. In some cases risk analysis or other consideration (environmental for example) could lead to the consideration of other parameters. As indicated above, the normal (design) lighting class is selected using the most onerous parameter values,

48、 however, the application of this class may not be justified throughout the hours of darkness due to changing conditions, e.g. weekends, different weather conditions, different traffic volumes, etc. Temporal changes in the parameters under consideration when selecting the normal (design) lighting cl

49、ass could allow, or may require, an adaptation of the normal level of average luminance or illuminance, usually by reducing the level. The most important parameters in this respect are likely to be traffic volume, traffic composition, real time reflection properties of pavement and current state of road surface (dark, light, dry, wet, salty, snowy), but ambient luminosity can also have an influence. The adaptive lighting level or levels should be the average luminance or illuminance selected from a class or classes in the same table from which the