1、PUBLISHED DOCUMENTPD CEN/TR 15728:2008Design and Use of Inserts for Lifting and Handling of Precast Concrete ElementsICS 91.100.30g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g5
2、1g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-PD CEN/TR 15728:2008This Published Document was published under the authority of the Standards Polic
3、y and Strategy Committee on 31 October 2008 BSI 2008ISBN 978 0 580 60274 0National forewordThis Published Document is the UK implementation of CEN/TR 15728:2008. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee B/524, Precast concrete products.A list of organizations repr
4、esented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate CommentsCopyright European Committee for
5、 Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-TECHNICAL REPORTRAPPORT TECHNIQUETECHNISCHER BERICHTCEN/TR 15728May 2008ICS 91.100.30English VersionDesign and Use of Inserts for Lifting and Handling of PrecastC
6、oncrete - ElementsConception et utilisation dinserts pour le levage et lamanutention du bton prfabriqu - lmentsBemessung und Verwendung von Transportankern frBetonfertigteileThis Technical Report was approved by CEN on 2 March 2008. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 229.CEN memb
7、ers are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Sw
8、itzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. C
9、EN/TR 15728:2008: ECopyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-2 Contents Page Foreword3 1 Scope 4 1.1 Scope / General4 1.2 Types of inserts for lifting and handling .4 1.3 M
10、inimum dimensions 4 2 Normative references 5 3 Definitions and symbols .5 3.1 Definitions 5 3.2 Symbols 7 4 General design principles.8 4.1 General principles8 4.2 Partial factors.8 5 Actions on inserts9 5.1 Actions9 5.2 Effect of lifting procedures on load directions.9 5.3 Actions from adhesion and
11、 form friction 11 5.4 Dynamic actions 12 6 Choice of inserts12 7 Use of Suppliers recommendations .13 8 Use of CEN/TC 229 recommendations for typical user situations .14 8.1 General conditions 14 8.2 Types of inserts covered 17 8.3 Lifting of walls and linear elements.21 8.4 Lifting of slabs and pip
12、es .32 9 Precaster use of testing 36 10 Recommended technical documentation .36 10.1 General36 10.2 Properties of inserts36 10.3 Design of specific lifting application .37 11 Lifting and handling instructions.37 Annex A (informative) Provisions for testing of inserts for specific lifting and handlin
13、g situations .39 Annex B (informative) Information to be given by the insert supplier.48 Bibliography 51 CEN/TR 15728:2008Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-3 Forewo
14、rd This document (CEN/TR 15728:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 229 “Precast concrete products”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC sh
15、all not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. To ensure the performance of the precast concrete products, lifting and handling should be taken into account in the design of the product. Inserts are used for lifting and handling of precast elements. They should meet an ap
16、propriate degree of reliability. They should sustain all actions and influences likely to occur during execution and use. This Technical Report deals with all lifting inserts cast into precast concrete elements i.e. lifting parts developed and produced at the precasting plant as well as lifting inse
17、rts as part of a system supplied by a manufacturer of lifting systems. The intent of this document is to give information to precast product designers. The failure of inserts for lifting and handling could cause risk to human life and/or lead to considerable economic consequences. Therefore inserts
18、for lifting and handling should be selected and installed properly by skilled personnel. This Technical Report based on current practices gives recommendations for correct choice and design of lifting inserts according to the lifting capacity of their part embedded in the concrete. It is based on EN
19、 1992-1-1 (Eurocode 2) and on published suppliers data. In the Technical Report numerical values for partial safety factors are recommended as basic values that provide an acceptable level of reliability. They have been selected assuming that an appropriate level of workmanship and of quality manage
20、ment (Factory Production Control) applies. They may be applied in the absence of national regulations. CEN/TR 15728:2008Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-4 1 Scope
21、1.1 Scope / General This Technical Report provides recommendations for the choice and use of cast-in steel lifting inserts, hereafter called inserts for the handling of precast concrete elements. They are intended for use only during transient situations for lifting and handling, and not for the ser
22、vice life of the structure. The choice of insert is made according to the lifting capacity of their part embedded in the concrete, or may be limited by the capacity of the insert itself and the corresponding key declared by the insert manufacturer. The report covers commonly used applications (walls
23、/beams/columns and solid slabs and pipes) and the range of these applications is further limited to prevent other types of failure than concrete breakout failure (cone failure), failure of supplementary reinforcement or failure in the steel insert. A basic supposition is that the concrete is demonst
24、rably uncracked during all lifting situations. The limitation in scope is used to obtain simple design models. Further information may be found in 1. The recommended safety levels are intended for short-term-handling and transient situations. This Technical Report applies only to precast concrete el
25、ements made of normal weight concrete and manufactured in a factory environment and under a factory production control (FPC) system (in accordance with EN 13369:2004, clause 6.3) covering the insert embedment. This Technical Report does not cover : The design of the insert itself (for inserts manufa
26、ctured by insert suppliers). The lifting key that hooks on to the embedded lifting insert as a component between the insert and the lifting machinery (crane, excavator), nor its compliance with the embedded insert. These components, when brought to the market separately, are covered by the Machinery
27、 Directive (98/37/EC). Lifting inserts for permanent and repeated use. This report is not an interpretation of the Machinery Directive. 1.2 Types of inserts for lifting and handling This Technical Report applies to the embedment of lifting inserts made by the precaster for his own use as well as lif
28、ting inserts forming part of lifting systems brought to the market by a lifting system supplier, see tables 8.3 and 8.6. Devices made by the precaster may consist of smooth bars, prestressing strands and steel wire ropes. The system devices may be e.g. internal threaded inserts, flat steel inserts a
29、nd headed inserts. Lifting loops of ribbed bars are not covered, nor wire ropes of less than 6 mm. 1.3 Minimum dimensions This Technical Report applies in general to inserts with a minimum nominal diameter of 6 mm or the corresponding cross section. In general, the minimum anchorage depth should be
30、la= 40 mm. CEN/TR 15728:2008Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-5 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of t
31、his document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 1990:2002, Eurocode Basis of structural design. EN 1992-1-1:2004, Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures Part 1-1 : Gene
32、ral rules and rules for buildings. EN 10025-2:2004, Hot rolled products of structural steels Part 2: Technical delivery conditions for non-alloy structural steels. EN 10138-3, Prestressing steels Part 3 : Strand 1). EN 12385-4:2002, Steel wire ropes Safety Part 4 : Stranded ropes for general lifting
33、 applications. EN 13369:2004, Common rules for precast concrete products. EN 13414-1:2003, Steel wire rope slings Safety Part 1 : Slings for general lifting service. CEN/TR 14862:2004, Precast concrete products Full-scale testing requirements in standards on precast concrete products. 3 Definitions
34、and symbols For the purposes of this document, the following terms, definitions and symbols apply. 3.1 Definitions 3.1.1 concrete breakout failure concrete cone separated from the base material by loading the insert 3.1.2 concrete breakout resistance the resistance corresponding to a concrete cone s
35、urrounding the insert or group of inserts separating from the member 3.1.3 edge distance the distance from the edge of the concrete surface to the centre of the nearest insert 1)Presently under preparation CEN/TR 15728:2008Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under licens
36、e with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-6 3.1.4 anchorage length for cast-in headed insert bolts and splayed inserts, the anchorage length, la, is illustrated in Figure 1 sLasLa+= )(25,1l sLasLa+= 85,0)(25,1l Figure 1 Examples of anchorage length
37、for different types of inserts 3.1.5 embedment depth distance from the concrete surface to the farthest point of insert, measured perpendicular to the concrete surface 3.1.6 factory Production Control (FPC) a quality system satisfying the requirements in EN 13369, clause 6.3 3.1.7 headed insert a st
38、eel insert with a head for anchorage installed before placing concrete 3.1.8 insert a steel unit cast into concrete and used for lifting of precast elements 3.1.9 insert loading axial, shear or combined - Loads applied to the insert 3.1.10 insert resistance load capacity (characteristic value) of th
39、e part of the insert embedded in the concrete (different from maximum working load of the insert see 3.1.13). In this report, the wording “characteristic resistance” is sometimes used 3.1.11 lifting key lifting tool to couple to the embedded insert 3.1.12 lifting system system of lifting key and app
40、ropriate insert 3.1.13 maximum working load maximum load guaranteed by the supplier before steel failure, reduced by application of the relevant safety coefficient and marked on a lifting key or system (from Directive 98/37/EC, 4.1.1) CEN/TR 15728:2008Copyright European Committee for Standardization
41、 Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-7 3.1.14 precaster producer of precast concrete elements in a factory environment 3.1.15 pullout failure a failure mode in which the insert pulls out of the concrete without a st
42、eel failure and without a concrete breakout failure 3.1.16 side-face blow-out resistance the resistance of inserts with deeper embedment but thinner side cover corresponding to concrete spalling on the side face around the embedded head while no major breakout occurs at the top concrete surface 3.1.
43、17 insert steel failure failure mode characterised by fracture of one of the steel insert parts 3.1.18 minimum reinforcement reinforcement required by EN 1992-1-1 or in national annex (Nationally Determined Parameter) 3.1.19 supplementary reinforcement reinforcement designed to resist the full load
44、in case of a concrete failure 3.1.20 complementary reinforcement reinforcement provided to avoid brittle failure 3.1.21 supplier manufacturer of lifting inserts brought to the market or its authorized distributor 3.2 Symbols 3.2.1 Action and resistance Eddesign value of actions acting on a single in
45、sert NRkcharacteristic value of resistance of a single insert NRddesign value of resistance of a single insert qadh adhesion dyndynamic coefficient Gpartial factor for dead load Qpartial factor for live load cpartial factor for concrete spartial factor for steel CEN/TR 15728:2008Copyright European C
46、ommittee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-8 3.2.2 Concrete and steel fckcharacteristic compressive strength of concrete (strength class) measured on cylinders (150 x 300) mm fykcharacteristic
47、steel yield strength or steel proof strength respectively fukcharacteristic steel ultimate tensile strength Asstressed cross section of steel 3.2.3 Inserts Notation and symbols frequently used in this technical report are given below. Further particular notation and symbols are given in the text. c
48、edge distance from the axis of an insert d diameter of insert bolt or thread diameter dhdiameter of insert head (headed inserts) dsdiameter of reinforcing bar laanchorage length (Figure 1) 4 General design principles 4.1 General principles The inserts load capacity for lifting and handling should be calculated and/or tested according to the principles and design models given in this document. Embedment conditions for lifting and handling, which do not conform to these principles or design models, should be tested according to the recommendations given in Annex A and e
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