1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationPD CEN/TR 16470:2013Environmental aspects ofductile iron pipe systemsfor water and sewerageapplicationsPD CEN/TR 16470:2013 PUBLISHED DOCUMENTNational forewordThis Published Docu
2、ment is the UK implementation of CEN/TR16470:2013.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee PSE/10, Iron pipes and fittings.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include
3、all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2013. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2013ISBN 978 0 580 79421 6ICS 23.040.10; 23.040.40Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.Thi
4、s Published Document was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 June 2013.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedPD CEN/TR 16470:2013TECHNICAL REPORT RAPPORT TECHNIQUE TECHNISCHER BERICHT CEN/TR 16470 May 2013 ICS 23.040.10; 23.040.40 English
5、Version Environmental aspects of ductile iron pipe systems for water and sewerage applications Aspects environnementaux des systmes de canalisations en fonte ductile pour leau et lassainissement Umweltrelevante Aspekte von Rohrleitungssystemen aus duktilem Gusseisen fr die Wasserversorgung und die A
6、bwasserentsorgung This Technical Report was approved by CEN on 10 November 2012. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 203. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republ
7、ic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALI
8、SATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2013 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. CEN/TR 16470:2013: EPD CEN/TR 16470:2013CEN/TR 16470:2013 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 3 1
9、 Scope 4 2 Normative references 4 3 General guidance .4 3.1 Provisions dealing with the introduction of environmental aspects into European Standards .4 3.2 Life cycle approach (LCA) for ductile iron pipe systems 5 3.3 Assessment of environmental impacts of ductile iron pipe systems 5 4 Overview of
10、environmental aspects of ductile iron pipe systems in water and sewerage applications 5 4.1 General 5 4.2 Ductile iron pipe systems for water supply and pressurised sewers 6 4.2.1 Energy savings 6 4.2.2 Recycling 6 4.3 Ductile iron pipes for gravity sewerage applications 7 4.3.1 Construction and ser
11、vice stages .7 4.3.2 Recycling 7 4.4 Trenchless applications of ductile iron pipe systems .7 4.4.1 General 7 4.4.2 Advantages .7 4.4.3 Direct savings 8 4.4.4 Economic savings .8 Bibliography 9 PD CEN/TR 16470:2013CEN/TR 16470:2013 (E) 3 Foreword This document (CEN/TR 16470:2013) has been prepared by
12、 Technical Committee CEN/TC 203 “Cast iron pipes, fittings and their joints”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identify
13、ing any or all such patent rights. PD CEN/TR 16470:2013CEN/TR 16470:2013 (E) 4 1 Scope This Technical Report applies to all water and sewerage applications of ductile iron pipe systems and provides a structure on how to identify and consider environmental aspects and potential environmental impacts
14、of ductile iron pipe systems throughout their life cycle. This Technical Report gives guidance on how the life cycle of ductile iron pipelines should be considered in accordance with EN ISO 14044. This Technical Report also includes health and safety aspects related to the production, use and recycl
15、ing of ductile iron pipe systems. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the refere
16、nced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 15804, Sustainability of construction works Environmental product declarations Core rules for the product category of construction products EN ISO 14044, Environmental management Life cycle assessment Requirements and guidelines (ISO 14044) ISO/TR
17、 14062, Environmental management Integrating environmental aspects into product design and development CEN Guide 4:2008, Guide for addressing environmental issues in product standards 3 General guidance 3.1 Provisions dealing with the introduction of environmental aspects into European Standards Eur
18、opean Standards concerning ductile iron pipe systems currently exist without any direct reference for the user to environmental awareness and the possible environmental aspects and potential impacts. This does not necessarily lead to pipe systems which are less environmentally friendly, because the
19、user has other incentives when considering environmental aspects, such as installation considerations, legal requirements etc. However, the inclusion of environmental provisions encourages the consideration of environmental aspects in cases where such incentives do not exist. In many cases, it is su
20、fficient to include the necessary provisions when revising European Standards dealing with ductile iron pipe systems by the inclusion of a new clause or sub-clause where the relevant environmental aspects are formulated or by reference to this Technical Report. Environmental impacts related to ducti
21、le iron pipe systems are affected by product standardisation. Any such impacts should be considered together with other factors, such as: a) product function; b) performance; c) health and safety; d) total cost of ownership/life cycle costing; e) quality; f) legal and regulatory requirements. PD CEN
22、/TR 16470:2013CEN/TR 16470:2013 (E) 5 The technological innovation of ductile iron pipe systems has resulted in: g) the new pressure classification for pipe systems (EN 545:2010) permitting a reduction in wall thickness leading to an optimum balance between pressure resistance and mechanical robustn
23、ess; h) trenchless applications of ductile pipes, using improved restrained joints, being easily and safely achieved; i) high performance coatings improving durability and reducing the installation cost (e.g. no requirement for imported backfill). As a result, substantial energy reduction and resour
24、ce optimisation are possible without compromising the fitness for purpose and longevity of the pipe systems. 3.2 Life cycle approach (LCA) for ductile iron pipe systems Any inclusion of environmental aspects into product standards shall consider the life cycle of the product. As such, all stages of
25、the life cycle of the relevant ductile iron product should be considered, including: a) product stage: 1) production from raw material; 2) transport; 3) manufacturing of final products; b) construction process stage: 1) transport of the pipe systems and laying; c) use stage: 1) transportation of wat
26、er/sewage; d) end of life (including recycling). Guidance on how to treat ductile iron pipe systems in LCAs is given in EN ISO 14044, with special regard to recycling issues. 3.3 Assessment of environmental impacts of ductile iron pipe systems For the design of ductile iron pipe systems, the guidanc
27、e given in ISO/TR 14062 is to be considered. In accordance with CEN Guide 4, additional environmental aspects, specific for the relevant design and product life cycle, shall be identified by the applicable screening procedures as defined in EN 15804. Assessment of the environmental impacts shall be
28、in accordance with construction product standards. 4 Overview of environmental aspects of ductile iron pipe systems in water and sewerage applications 4.1 General Environmental aspects shall be considered in European Standards mainly for cases where requirements are specified for ductile iron pipe s
29、ystems with a clearly defined application. PD CEN/TR 16470:2013CEN/TR 16470:2013 (E) 6 Ductile iron pipe systems are used for water and sewerage applications. Increasing the lifetime of the pipe system reduces the environmental impacts, because more frequent replacement/repair means additional extra
30、ction of energy resources, emissions and waste. Examples of beneficial environmental aspects applying to ductile iron pipe systems: a) the avoidance of unnecessary material shall be a general requirement for the design of the product; b) reduction in traffic resulting in avoidance of traffic jams an
31、d delays and reduction in CO2emissions; c) high mechanical performance i.e. the robustness of ductile iron pipe systems allows energy saving from the reduced mechanisation required during installation i.e. no specialised equipment or on-site welding. Similarly, the need for imported material for bed
32、 and surround is avoided/minimised, with the subsequent savings associated with the unnecessary use of natural resources and transportation costs. 4.2 Ductile iron pipe systems for water supply and pressurised sewers 4.2.1 Energy savings For the most part, the main potential environmental impacts of
33、 products for water application are related to the energy consumption and the associated emissions in the operating stage. The energy consumption of a pipe system depends on its head losses and leakages. Each head loss reduction leads to energy savings on the whole life cycle of the pipe and consequ
34、ently, significant consideration needs to be paid to the head losses of the water mains. The leak tightness and the lowest failure rates offered by the flexible joints of the ductile iron pipe systems result in obvious energy savings. Appropriate models shall consider: a) patterns of consumption; e.
35、g. number of litres/inhabitants/days; b) physical interrelations describing the energy consumption of water mains, number of joints, e.g. fittings can be avoided by angular deflection of pipe joints; c) sensitivity analysis, e.g. by use of different models. An important requirement for appropriate m
36、odels for the operating stage is the transparency and declaration of the assumptions used. 4.2.2 Recycling Recycling usually consists of four steps, namely excavation from the trench, transportation, shredding and re-melting. The recycling process of ductile iron pipe systems is simple, routine and
37、organised by a worldwide network of scrap dealers. Ductile iron pipe systems can be recycled several times without losing any of the properties of the metal itself. PD CEN/TR 16470:2013CEN/TR 16470:2013 (E) 7 The recycled material advantages are: a) cheaper/easier manufacturing processes; b) reducti
38、on in mining; c) reduction in emissions and air pollution; d) conservation of natural resources; e) reduction in landfill usage; f) cheaper finished product. The inert properties of ductile iron means that pipe systems not in service can also be left in the ground with no adverse environmental impac
39、t. 4.3 Ductile iron pipes for gravity sewerage applications 4.3.1 Construction and service stages During these stages, leaks in the network cause problems such as water or soil pollution and/or unnecessary sewerage treatment. The leakage of raw sewage directly leads to environmental damage such as:
40、a) soil and groundwater pollution (i.e. rivers, lakes, sea); b) potential damage to adjacent structures (i.e. buildings, roads, other underground services); c) pollution of drinking water. Similarly, a broken sewer or a leaking joint allows the ingress of groundwater leading to: d) increased treatme
41、nt costs; e) lower groundwater levels; f) possible surface flooding as the sewer pipe fills. 4.3.2 Recycling Similar rules apply for recycling as shown in 4.2.2. 4.4 Trenchless applications of ductile iron pipe systems 4.4.1 General Trenchless applications of ductile iron pipe systems include repair
42、, renovation and replacement as well as new installations. These techniques are horizontal directional drilling, pipe bursting, press pull, and pipe-jacking. Such installations result in considerable savings in economic, ecologic and social aspects. 4.4.2 Advantages a) avoidance of pipe damage and t
43、herefore water loss; b) reduction in environmental damage; PD CEN/TR 16470:2013CEN/TR 16470:2013 (E) 8 c) reduction in hazardous operational conditions. 4.4.3 Direct savings a) reduction in road construction waste; b) reduction in installation time; c) minimal excavated material and associated trans
44、portation savings; d) reduction in pipeline removals; e) minimisation of any relevant ground water pumping. 4.4.4 Economic savings a) reduction in CO2emissions; b) avoidance of imported backfill material; c) avoidance of traffic jams and delays; d) reduction in noise; e) reduction in accident freque
45、ncy; f) reduction in damage to adjacent structures/services; g) possibility of installation regardless of weather conditions; h) protection of environment. PD CEN/TR 16470:2013CEN/TR 16470:2013 (E) 9 Bibliography 1 EN 545:2010, Ductile iron pipes, fittings, accessories and their joints for water pip
46、elines Requirements and test methods 2 EN 598, Ductile iron pipes, fittings, accessories and their joints for sewerage applications Requirements and test methods This page deliberately left blankThis page deliberately left blankBSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing British S
47、tandards and other standards-related publications, information and services. It presents the UK view on standards in Europe and at the international level. BSI is incorporated by Royal Charter. British Standards and other standardisation products are published by BSI Standards Limited.British Standa
48、rds Institution (BSI)raising standards worldwideBSI389 Chiswick High Road London W4 4AL UKTel +44 (0)20 8996 9001Fax +44 (0)20 8996 Standards and PASs are periodically updated by amendment or revision. Users of British Standards and PASs should make sure that they possess the latest amendments or e
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