1、BSI Standards PublicationConstruction products Assessment of release of dangerous substancesPart 2: Horizontal dynamic surface leaching testPD CEN/TS 16637-2:2014National forewordThis Published Document is the UK implementation of CEN/TS 16637-2:2014.The UK participation in its preparation was entru
2、sted to TechnicalCommittee B/557, Construction products Assessment of dangerous substances.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions ofa contract. Users are responsible fo
3、r its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2014.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2014ISBN 978 0 580 57320 0ICS 13.040.20; 19.040; 91.100.01Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This Published Document was published under the authority of
4、theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 August 2014.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affectedPUBLISHED DOCUMENTPD CEN/TS 16637-2:2014TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION SPCIFICATION TECHNIQUE TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATION CEN/TS 16637-2 August 2014 ICS 13.040.20; 19.040; 91.100.01 Eng
5、lish Version Construction products - Assessment of release of dangerous substances - Part 2: Horizontal dynamic surface leaching test Produits de construction - Evaluation de lmission de substances dangereuses - Partie 2: Essais horizontaux et dynamiques de la lixivation des surfaces Bauprodukte - B
6、ewertung der Freisetzung von gefhrlichen Stoffen - Teil 2: Horizontale dynamische Oberflchenauslaugprfung This Technical Specification (CEN/TS) was approved by CEN on 25 February 2014 for provisional application. The period of validity of this CEN/TS is limited initially to three years. After two ye
7、ars the members of CEN will be requested to submit their comments, particularly on the question whether the CEN/TS can be converted into a European Standard. CEN members are required to announce the existence of this CEN/TS in the same way as for an EN and to make the CEN/TS available promptly at na
8、tional level in an appropriate form. It is permissible to keep conflicting national standards in force (in parallel to the CEN/TS) until the final decision about the possible conversion of the CEN/TS into an EN is reached. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
9、Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey a
10、nd United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref.
11、No. CEN/TS 16637-2:2014 EPD CEN/TS 16637-2:2014CEN/TS 16637-2:2014 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 4 Introduction .5 1 Scope 7 2 Normative references 7 3 Terms and definitions .8 4 Symbols and abbreviations . 11 5 Principle . 12 6 Reagents 13 7 Equipment . 13 8 Sample preparation 14 8.1 General . 14 8.
12、2 Provisions on test sample and test portion . 14 8.3 Determination of the geometric surface area 16 8.3.1 General . 16 8.3.2 Regular test pieces . 16 8.3.3 Test pieces with partly irregular side face . 16 8.3.4 Irregular test pieces without any regular sides . 17 9 Test procedure 17 9.1 Testing con
13、ditions 17 9.2 Step 1 of the leaching procedure 18 9.3 Steps 2 8 of the leaching procedure 19 9.4 Measuring the loss of weight 20 9.5 Further preparation of the eluates for analysis and analysis steps 20 9.6 Blank test . 20 10 Evaluation of measurement results 21 10.1 Expression of results in concen
14、trations 21 10.2 Expression of results in terms of area related release . 21 10.3 Calculation of release mechanism 22 10.4 Calculating the loss of weight . 22 11 Documentation and test report . 22 12 Test performance 24 13 Indirect methods . 24 13.1 Definition . 24 13.2 Provisions 24 13.3 Examples o
15、f “indirect“ methods . 24 Annex A (normative) Method for Granular construction products with Low Hydraulic Conductivity (GLHC) . 25 A.1 Scope . 25 A.2 Terms, definitions and abbreviations . 25 A.3 Principle . 25 PD CEN/TS 16637-2:2014CEN/TS 16637-2:2014 (E) 3 A.4 Equipment 25 A.5 Sampling. 26 A.6 Pr
16、ocedure . 26 A.7 Data handling and reporting. 30 Annex B (normative) Assessment of release mechanisms (if required) 31 B.1 Overview of release mechanisms 31 B.2 Procedure of identification of release mechanisms 32 B.3 Concentrations close to the limit of quantification . 33 B.4 Diffusion controlled
17、release of a substance . 34 B.5 Dissolution controlled release of a substance . 36 B.6 Other release mechanism . 37 B.7 Calculation of release . 39 B.8 Examples 41 Annex C (informative) Examples of the test set up for construction products (DSLT) . 56 Annex D (informative) Examples of data about the
18、 L/A ratio 57 Bibliography 58 PD CEN/TS 16637-2:2014CEN/TS 16637-2:2014 (E) 4 Foreword This document (CEN/TS 16637-2:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 351 “Construction Products - Assessment of release of dangerous substances”, the secretariat of which is held by NEN. Attention i
19、s drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the E
20、uropean Free Trade Association. This Technical Specification was elaborated on the basis of CEN/TS 15863 1, which is based on NEN 7375:2005 2. This Technical Specification specifies a dynamic surface leaching test for determination of surface dependent release of substances from monolithic or plate-
21、like or sheet-like construction products or granular construction products with low hydraulic conductivity under standardized conditions. CEN/TS 16637-1 deals with the determination and use of test methods for leaching of construction products taking specific situations into account. Technical Speci
22、fication FprCEN/TS 16637-3 (in preparation) specifies an up-flow percolation test to determine the leaching behaviour of granular construction products under standardized percolation conditions. Background information on characterization of leaching behaviour of construction products can be found in
23、 Technical Reports provided by CEN/TC 351 (i.e. CEN/TR 16098 3, CEN/TR 16496 4). According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to announce this Technical Specification: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech R
24、epublic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. P
25、D CEN/TS 16637-2:2014CEN/TS 16637-2:2014 (E) 5 Introduction The informative introduction describes the interactions and interrelations between the three Technical Specifications CEN/TS 16637-1, CEN/TS 16637-2 and FprCEN/TS 16637-3 (in preparation) developed to assess the release of dangerous substan
26、ces from construction products into soil, surface water and ground water in the framework of the Mandate M/366. The horizontal test methods developed under the Mandate M/366 are intended to be used to show compliance with notified regulations. The tests cover the release of substances from construct
27、ion products and in particular those that are regulated in notified regulations in one or more EU member states. CEN/TS 16637-1 specifies how the CEN Technical Product Committees and EOTA experts are to determine the appropriate release method for the determination of the release of Regulated Danger
28、ous Substances from a construction product into soil, surface water and groundwater. CEN/TS 16637-2 and FprCEN/TS 16637-3 (in preparation) contain the two horizontal leaching tests that are needed to address the leaching properties of the construction products. CEN/TS 16637-2 describes a test to ass
29、ess surface dependent release from monolithic, plate-like or sheet-like construction products while FprCEN/TS 16637-3 (in preparation) describes a test to assess release from granular construction products. The test methods specified in CEN/TS 16637-2 and FprCEN/TS 16637-3 (in preparation) can be us
30、ed for both steps in the hierarchy (type testing and factory production control) and are supposed to be used as the reference test for the intended uses and conditions specified in CEN/TS 16637-1. In this hierarchy of testing conditionally “indirect tests“ can be used, but are not specified. The rel
31、ease of substances upon contact with water results in a potential risk to the environment during the intended use of construction products. The intent of these tests is to identify the leaching behaviour of construction products and thereby allow assessments of the release of Regulated Dangerous Sub
32、stances from such products to soil, surface water and groundwater under intended conditions of use in relation to CE marking. Technical Product Committees are expected to apply the test standards developed in CEN/TC 351 for their products in order to test the potential release of Regulated Dangerous
33、 Substances to soil, surface water and groundwater. CEN/TS 16637-1 is intended to provide clear procedures to determine which test method is appropriate for a given product. CEN/TS 16637-1 aims to provide the information, needed in a CEN Technical Product Committee, on how to deal with the relevant
34、test method(s) to enable the producer to declare a performance in the CE marking as a result of the test. CEN Technical Product Committees are referred to the informative Annex A and Annex B of CEN/TS 16637-1:2014and to CEN/TR 16098, 3, for background information on the following aspects: a) identif
35、ication of the products addressed in the product standards which have relevance with respect to the release of dangerous substances into soil, surface water and groundwater (products only applied in the interior of buildings are not subject to testing for these properties); b) description of the int
36、ended conditions of use of the construction product (e.g. above ground exposed to the precipitation, or shielded from direct infiltration, in surface or ground water) in respect to the release of Regulated Dangerous Substances into soil, surface water and groundwater; c) identification of main relea
37、se mechanisms. Impact assessment is not part of the work of CEN/TC 351. In addition to existing validation results, in 2011 CEN/TC 351 began an extensive research program on robustness validation of the existing tank leaching and percolation tests. This was carried out by a consortium of European ex
38、perts on 20 construction products to unify differences from the protocols in different CEN Member States and to check the influence of testing conditions on the test result (e.g. temperature, flow rate, renewal scheme, etc. 5). The results of the research program confirmed the robustness of the hori
39、zontal tests PD CEN/TS 16637-2:2014CEN/TS 16637-2:2014 (E) 6 known from former works. Conclusions from the program have been implemented into the Technical Specifications for the test methods. However, the performance of the leaching test regarding repeatability and reproducibility is dependent on t
40、he tested construction product and on the testing conditions. When these Technical Specifications of the horizontal leaching tests are adopted by CEN, the leaching tests referred to in these Technical Specifications will not yet be fully validated. No data will be available on repeatability and repr
41、oducibility for the range of construction products. For other, sometimes comparable, matrices performance data are available from national as well as EU validation studies. PD CEN/TS 16637-2:2014CEN/TS 16637-2:2014 (E) 7 1 Scope (1) This Technical Specification specifies a Dynamic Surface Leaching T
42、est (DSLT) which is aimed at determining the release per unit surface area as a function of time of inorganic and/or non-volatile organic substances from a monolithic, plate- or sheet-like product, when it is put into contact with an aqueous solution (leachant). The test method is not suitable for s
43、ubstances that are volatile under ambient conditions. (2) This test is a parameter specific test focusing on identifying and specifying parameter specific properties tested under specified conditions. It is not aimed at simulating real situations. The application of results to specific intended cond
44、itions of use may be established by means of modelling (not included in this Technical Specification). (3) The modification for granular construction products with low hydraulic conductivity (Annex A) applies for granular particles with so little drainage capacity between the grains that percolation
45、 in percolation tests and in practice is nearly impossible. (4) The test method applies to more or less regularly shaped test portions consisting of monolithic test pieces with minimum dimensions of 40 mm in all directions (volume 64 000 mm3(64 cm3). It also applies to plate- or sheet-like products
46、with surface areas of minimum 10 000 mm2(100 cm2) exposed to the leachant. Products designed to drain water (e.g. draining tiles, porous asphalt) and monolithic granular products according to CEN/TS 16637-1:2014, Table 1, are also tested by this test method. All products to be tested are assumed to
47、maintain their integrity over a time frame relevant for the considered intended use. (5) Metals, metallic coatings and organic coatings on metals are excluded from the scope of CEN/TS 16637-2 because the principles of this test (diffusion) are not obeyed by these products. Guidance on the need for t
48、esting of these products is under consideration. (6) For some coatings (e.g. some renders with organic binders according to EN 15824) in intermittent contact to water, physical and chemical properties might be changed in permanent contact with water. For these products CEN/TS 16637-2 is not appropri
49、ate. (7) Guidance on the applicability of the test method to a given product is outlined in CEN/TS 16637-1. NOTE 1 This test method is only applicable if the product is chemically stable and the matrix does not dissolve. For construction products that may be used in contact with water this usually should not be the case as construction products should then be dimensionally stable. If a product may substantially wear in its intended use, the test cannot provide proper information. If the product contains a substantial amount of water-soluble compounds,
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