1、Canadian General Standards Board Textile Test Methods Resistance to Pilling, Rotating Box Method CAN/CGSB-4.2 NO, 51.1-95 National Standard of Canada Copyright Canadian General Standards Board Provided by IHS under license with CGSBNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without licens
2、e from IHS-,-,-CGSB CAN/CGSB-4.2 N0*5L.l-95 ft l187Yb50 0027877 218 W The CANADIAN GENERfU STANDARDS BOARD (CGSB), under whose auspices this standard has been developed is a government agency within the Federal Department of Supply and Services. CGSB is engaged in the production of voluntary standar
3、ds in a wide range of subject areas through the media of standards committees and the consensus process. The standards committees are composed of representatives of relevant interests including producers, consumers and other users, retailers, governments, educational institutions, technical, profess
4、ional and trade societies, and research and testing organizations. Any given standard is developed on the consensus of views expressed by such representatives. The Ministers Advisory Council on CGSB reviews the results of the consensus process. CGSB has been accredited by the Standards Council of Ca
5、nada as a national standards-writing organization. The standards that it develops and offers as National Standards of Canada conform to the criteria and procedures established for this purpose by the Standards Council of Canada. In addition to standards it publishes as national standards, CGSB produ
6、ces standards to meet particular needs, in response to requests from a variety of sources in both the public and private sectors. Both CGSB standards and national standards developed by CGSB are deveioped in conformance with the policies described in the Policy Manual for the Development and Mainten
7、ance of Standards by CGSB. CGSB standards are subject to review and revision at any time, so as to ensure that they keep abreast of technological progress. Suggestions for their improvement, which are always welcome, should be brought to the notice of the standards committees concerned. Changes to s
8、tandards are issued either as separate amendment sheets or in new editions of standards. An up-to-date listing of CGSB standards, including details on latest issues and amendments, and ordering instructions, will be found in the CGSB Catalogue, which is published annually and is available without ch
9、arge upon request. Although the intended primary application of this standard is stated in its Scope, it is important to note that it remains the responsibility of the users of the standard to judge its suitability for their particular purpose. Many tests required by CGSB standards are inherently ha
10、zardous. CGSB neither assumes nor accepts any responsibility for any injury or damage that may occur during or as the result of tests, wherever performed. CGSB takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted with any item connected with this standard. Users of this standard a
11、re expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights are entirely their own responsibility. Further information on CGSB and its services and standards may be obtained from: The Manager Standardization Information Division Canadian General Standards Board Ottawa, Canada K
12、1A 1G6 The STANDARDS COUNCIL OF CANADA is the co-ordinating body of the National Standards System, a federation of independent, autonomous organizations working towards the further development and improvement of voluntary standardization in the national interest. The principal objectives of the Coun
13、cil are to foster and promote voluntary standardization as a means of advancing the national economy, benefiting the health, safety and welfare of the public, assisting and protecting the consumer, facilitating domestic and international trade, and furthering international co-operation in the field
14、of standards. A National Standard of Canada is a standard which has been approved by the Standards Council of Canada and one which reflects a reasonable agreement among the views of a number of capable individuals whose collective interests provide, to the greatest practicable extent, a balance of r
15、epresentation of producers, users, consumers and others with relevant interests, as may be appropriate to the subject in hand. It normally is a standard that is capable of making a significant and timely contribution to the national interest. Approval of a standard as a National Standard of Canada i
16、ndicates that a standard conforms to the criteria and procedures established by the Standards Council of Canada. Approval does not refer to the technical content of the standard; this remains the continuing responsibility of the accredited standards-writing organization. Those who have a need to app
17、ly standards are encouraged to use National Standards of Canada whenever practicable. These standards are subject to periodic review; therefore, users are cautioned to obtain the latest edition from the organization preparing the standard. The responsibility for approving National Standards of Canad
18、a rests with the: Standards Council of Canada 45 OConnor Street Suite 1200 Ottawa, Ontario K1P 6N7 How to order Publications: by Telephone - (613) 941-8703 or - 1-800-665-CGSB (Canada ony) by Fax - (613) 941-8705 by Mail - CGSB Sales Centre Ottawa, Canada K1A 1G6 in Person - Suite 1402 222 Queen Str
19、eet Ottawa, Ontario Copyright Canadian General Standards Board Provided by IHS under license with CGSBNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-CGSB CANICGSB-4.2 N0.5L.L-95 * 1874650 0027880 T3T NATIONAL STANDARD OF CANADA CANICGSB-4.2 NO. 51.1-95 TEXTILE TES
20、T METHODS RESISTANCE TO PILLING, ROTATING BOX METHOD This method supersedes issue of August 1987. Prepared by the Canadian General Standards Board es Standards Council of Canada Approved by the j Published November 1995 by the Canadian General Standards Board Ottawa, Canada KIA 1G6 Minister of Suppl
21、y and SeMces Canada - 1995 No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form without the prior permission of the publisher. Copyright Canadian General Standards Board Provided by IHS under license with CGSBNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-_ C
22、GSB CANICGSB-4-2 N0.5L.L-75 Y* W L874650 0027883 776 W CANADIAN GENERAL STANDARDS BOARD COMMITTEE ON TEXTILE TEST METHODS (Membership at date of approval) Famworth, B. Atkinson, D. Audet, A. Barry, E. Bauerle, J.E. Carrick, D. Carroll, G.R. Crown, E.M. Daponte, D. Demers, A. Deschamps, C. Desroches,
23、 L. Dolhan, P. Duhamel, D. Edwards. D. Kasem, M.A. King, M.W. Klirnes, A. Larson, J. Marcus, P. Mitton, M.T. Monk, W.B. Muniak, E. Patel, A. Ronsyn, C. Routhier, D. Scrafton, K. Thorosk, J. Timms, V. Chainnan Randall, J. Secretary M.E.T.A. Research Inc. Celanese Canada Inc. Department of National De
24、fence Canadian Textiles Institute ORTECH Department of National Defence Royal Canadian Mounted Police University of Alberta The Wool Bureau of Canada Ltd. Professional Association of Cleaners and Launderers of Quebec Swift Textiles Canada Department of National Revenue (Customs and Excise) Departmen
25、t of National Defence Textile Technology Centre Canadian Carpet Institute Department of Consumer and Corporate Affairs Laval University Dominion Textile Inc. Mister Leonard Inc. Department of Consumer and Corporate Affairs Consultant Consultant The T. Eaton Company of Canada Sears Canada Inc. Depart
26、ment of Supply and Services Consoltex Inc. The Retail Research Foundation of Canada University of Manitoba Du Pont Canada Inc. Canadian General Standards Board Acknowledgment is made for the translation of this National Standard of Canada by the Translation Bureau of the Deparment of Secreta- of Sta
27、te. CAN/CGSB-4.2 NO. 51.1-95 Copyright Canadian General Standards Board Provided by IHS under license with CGSBNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,- CGSB CANICGSB-4.2 NO-51-1-95 tt 1874650 0027882 802 H National Standard of Canada i TEXTILE TEST WTHODS 1
28、 CANKGSB-4.2 I Ottawa Canada I l K1A 1G6 Resistance to Pilling, Rotating Box Method NO. 51.1-95 Supersedes Issue of August 1987 PREFACE General Notes on the Use of Method 51.1, Resistance to filling, Rotating Box Method The test is widely used in the Canadian textile industry for evaluating the resi
29、stance to pilling of woven and knitted fabrics. This method has been extensively correlated with wear and has been found to be generally satisfactory for evaluating polyester-blend woven fabrics. Knitted fabrics may also be tested by this method. Good correlation to wear tests has been established w
30、ith single jersey fabrics containing 100% low-pilling polyester fibre and other knitted fabrics containing polyester fibre. There is little known experience in the testing of blends other than polyester by this method, but this may not preclude its use for such blends. With fabrics made from cehain
31、types of fibres, such as wool and low-pilling polyester, pills may form and wear off within the recommended testing time of 10 h. Therefore, the use of intermediate testing times (e.g., 2 h, 3 h and 5 h) may be occasionally required. For polyester-blend woven fabrics intended for certain non-critica
32、l end uses (e.g., ladies blouses, dresses, lingerie and sleepwear), there is evidence that a pill rating after 3 h for lightweight fabrics (less than 200 g/m2) containing low-pilling fibre and after 5 h for fabric of the same type containing intermediate pilling fibre may be a more practical estimat
33、e of pilling in wear. Where there is doubt about the end-use requirements, the 10 h rating is preferred and should be used. It is recommended that a testing time of 2 h be used to evaluate single jersey-knitted fabrics containing 100% low-pilling polyester and that a 3 h testing time be used for all
34、 other knitting fabrics containing polyester fibres. Although the above statements are based on considerable laboratory and wear experience, they are necessarily limited owing to the wide variety of fibre types, fabric constructions and end-use requirements of todays market. In general, where the fi
35、bre/fabric/end-use relationship is unfamiliar, or is not encompassed by previous experience, the significance of any performance test, including pilling, is in doubt. In such circumstances, appropriate wear-testing is recommended. When a laboratory is adopting this test method for the first time, it
36、 is recommended that a laboratory experienced in the use of the method be consulted, with the objectives of (a) standardizing the procedure, (b) equating the pill-tester with a known satisfactory machine and (c) developing a control sample for the laboratorys own requirements. 1. PURPOSE AND SCOPE 1
37、.1 This method describes a procedure for evaluating the resistance of fabrics to pilling using the rotating box method. A pill is a bunch or ball of entangled fibres attached to the surface of a fabric by one or more fibres. 1.2 This method applies to most types of fabric (woven and knitted) but not
38、 to those made of 100% filament fibre. The preface that precedes this method should be carefully read before applying this method. The testing and evaluation of a product against this method may require the use of materials and/or equipment that could be hazardous. This document does not purport to
39、address all the safety aspects associated with its use. Anyone using this method has the responsibility to consult the appropriate authorities and to establish appropriate health and safety practices in conjunction with any existing applicable regulatory requirements prior to its use. 1.3 1 Copyrigh
40、t Canadian General Standards Board Provided by IHS under license with CGSBNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-CGSB CAN/CGSB-4-2 N0.51.1-75 It m 18746.50 0027883 749 m 2. PRINCIPLE 2.1 Specimens of the fabric are mounted on polyurethane tubes and tumbled
41、 in a cork-lined box for a specified time. A numerical rating of the resistance of the fabric to pilling is determined by visual comparison of the specimens with photographic standards under specified lighting conditions. 3. APPARATUS AND MATERIALS 3.1 Cubical wooden box (Note 1): having inside dime
42、nsions of 235 x 235 x 235 mm (prior to lining), lined with cork sheeting 3.2 mm thick (Note 2) and capable of rotating at 60 k 2 r/min (Figure 1). FIGURE 1 Two-Box Tumble Pilling Tester Note 1: Two-box and four-box models of this machine are available from Regent Textile Machinery Canada Ltd., 1415
43、PitjeM Blvd., Montreal, Quebec H4S 163. Note 2: The cork lining is a crepe-finish “Nebar” jointing manufactured bv James Walker & Co. Ltd., Lion Works, Woking, Surre?: England. This cork lining can be obtained in Canada from Williams Asseln Inc., 55 York Street, Toronto, Ontario M5J IR7. 2 NO. 51.1-
44、95 Copyright Canadian General Standards Board Provided by IHS under license with CGSBNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-CGSB CAN/CGSB-4-2 N0.5L.L-95 * = 1874650 0027884 685 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 4. 4.1 4.2 4.3 Polyurethane tubes: four tubes, 140
45、mm long and 31.5 mm outside diameter, with 3.2 mm thick wails and of suitable hardness (Note 3). The polyurethane tubes must be replaced when their overall length has been reduced to less than 135 mm or a marked difference has occurred in the control fabric rating. The hardness of the polyurethane t
46、ubes will change with time. Cellulose tape: adhesive, transparent, approximately 20 mm wide. Jig and metal cylinder: to assist in mounting the specimen sleeves on the tubes (Figure 2). The jig consists of a steel base-plate fastened to the wall and carrying two polished chrome-plated steel rods. The
47、 metal cylinder is hollow and has a tapered solid metal plug at one end. ICI photographic standards: three sets of photographic standards to judge the degree of pilling of fabrics, two for knitted fabrics (single jersey and double jersey) and one for woven fabrics. They are numbered as “5” for no pi
48、lling, “3” for moderate pilling and “1” for heavy pilling, with two intermediates “4” and “2” (Note 4). Control fabric: a supply of a suitable control fabric should be maintained by the testing laboratory (see the preface), preferably a fabric that has been found to have an average pill rating of 3
49、f 0.5. This fabric should be tested at regular intervals. Any marked change in the pill rating will indicate that the polyurethane tubes and/or the cork lining need replacing. Evaluation viewing cabinet: a suitable viewing cabinet designed for standard illumination and simultaneous viewing of the photographic standards and the test specimens being rated. The box shields the specimens from external light and illuminates them by oblique light. A fluorescent l
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