CIE 121-1996 The Photometry and Goniophotometry of Luminaires《灯具的光度测试和分布光度学》.pdf

1、ISBN 3 900 734 74 7 COMMISSION INTERNATIONALE DE CLAIRAGE INTERNATIONAL COMMISSION ON ILLUMINATION INTERNATIONALE BELEUCHTUNGSKOMMISSION THE PHOTOMETRY AND GONIOPHOTOMETRY OF LUMINAIRES CIE 121 - 1996 UDC: 535.241.427 Descriptor: Light distribution 628.94 Luminaires Photometers Goniophotometers 681.

2、785.4 681.786 COPYRIGHT International Commission on IlluminationLicensed by Information Handling ServicesPbl. CIE 121-1996 This Technical Report has been prepared by CIE Technical Committee 2-10 of Division 2 “Physical measurement of light and radiation“ and has been approved by the Board of Adminis

3、tration of the Commission Intemationale de IEclairage for study and application. The document reports on current knowledge and experience within the specific field of light and lighting described, and is intended to be used by the CIE membership and other interested parties. It should be noted, howe

4、ver, that the status of this document is advisory and not mandatory. The latest CIE Proceedings or CIE NEWS should be consulted regarding possible subsequent amendments. Ce rapport technique a t prpar par le Comit Technique CIE 2-10 de la Division 2 “Mesures physiques de ia lumire et des radiations“

5、 et a t approuv par le Bureau dAdministration de la Commission Internationale de IEclairage, pour tude et application. Le document traite des connaissances courantes et de lexprience dans le domaine spcifique indiqu de la lumire et de lclairage, et il est tabli pour iusage des membres de la CIE et a

6、utres groupements intresss. II faut cependant noter que ce document est indicatif et non obligatoire. Pour connatre dventuels amendements, consulter les plus rcents comptes rendus de la CIE ou le CIE NEWS. Dieser Technische Bericht ist vom CIE Technischen Komitee 2-10 der Division 2 “Physikalische M

7、essungen von Licht und Strahlung“ ausgearbeitet und vom Vorstand der Commission Internationale de IEclairage gebilligt worden. Das Dokument berichtet Uber den derzeitigen Stand des Wissens und Erfahrung in dem behandelten Gebiet von Licht und Beleuchtung; es ist zur Verwendung durch CIE- Mitglieder

8、und durch andere Interessierte bestimmt, Es sollte jedoch beachtet werden, da das Dokument eine Empfehlung und keine Vorschrift ist. Die neuesten CIE-Tagungsberichte oder das CIE NEWS sollten im Hinblick auf mgliche sptere hderungen zu Rate gezogen werden. Any mention of organisations or products do

9、es not imply endorsement by the CIE. Whilst every care has been taken in the compilation of any lists, up to the time of going to press, these may not be comprehensive. Toute mention dorganisme ou de produit nimplique pas une prfrence de la CIE. Malgr le soin apport ia compilation de tous les docume

10、nts jusqu la mise sous presse, ce travail ne saurait tre exhaustif. Die Erwhnung von Organisationen oder Erzeugnissen bedeutet keine Billigung durch die CIE. Obgleich groe Sorgfaii bei der Erstellung von Verzeichnissen bis zum Zeitpunkt der Drucklegung angewendet wurde, ist es mglich, da diese nicht

11、 vollstndig sind. 0 CIE 1996 II COPYRIGHT International Commission on IlluminationLicensed by Information Handling ServicesSTD*CIE 121-ENGL 177b 900bLLi5 0005537 T59 Publ. CIE 121-1996 FOREWORD The following members of TC 2-10 “Photometry and Goniophotometry of Luminaires took part in the preparatio

12、n of this Technical Report. The TC comes under Division 2 “Physical Measurement of Light and Radiation“. Vandermeersch G. Aimsi, S. 2) Arai, H. 1) Blazer, P. 2) Blochouse, A. Collins, T. V. 2) Corrons, A 2) Cazabat, C. 1) Krochmann, J. 1) Lecocq, J. 2) Levin, R. 1) Lewin, I. 2) Price, D. Procter, J.

13、 C. 1) Rattunde, R. 2) Skonieczna, M. 1) Soardo, P. Vadas,.G. 1) Verrneulen, M. 1) Belgium Hungary Japan Switzerland Belgium Great Britain Spain Argentina Germany France USA USA Great Britain Great Britain Germany Poland Italy Hungary Netherlands (Chairman) 1) up to 1991 2) from 1991 COPYRIGHT Inter

14、national Commission on IlluminationLicensed by Information Handling ServicesPubl. CIE 121-1996 THE PHOTOMETRY AND GONIOPHOTOMETRY OF LUMINAIRES FOREWORD CONTENTS SUMMARY RESUME ZUSAMMENF, ,SSUl G 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Scope I .2 Photometric characteristics 2.1 Terms related to the luminaire 2. TERMINO

15、LOGY 2.1.1 Luminaire 2.1.2 Design attitude (of a luminaire) also tilt normal in application 2.1.3 Measurement attitude (of a luminaire) also tilt during measurement 2.1.4 Light centre (of a source) 2.1.5 Photometric centre 2.1.6 First ais (of a luminaire) also reference aMs 2.1.7 Second axis (of a l

16、uminaire) also audliary axis 2.1.8 Practical ballast 2.2 Terms related to measured quantities for luminaires 2.2.1 Luminaire data per 1 O00 lm (of lamp flux) 2.2.2 Luminous intensity distribution (of a luminaire) 2.2.3 Ballast lumen factor 2.2.4 Light output ratio (of a luminaire) buminaire efficien

17、cy (USA) 2.2.5 Light output ratio working (of a luminaire) 2.2.6 Upward (downward) flux fraction (of a luminaire) 2.2.7 Upward (downward) light output ratio (of a luminaire) 2.2.8 Average luminance (of a luminaire) 2.2.9 Service conversion factor 2.3 Terms related to measurements 2.3.1 Absotute meas

18、urement 2.3.2 Relative measurement 2.3.3 Bare lamp measurement 2.3.4 Reference condions (luminaire) 2.3.5 Reference conditions (lamps) 2.3.6 Reference ballast 2.4.1 Photometer 2.4.2 Goniophotometer also distribution photometer 2.4.3 Photometer head 2.4.4 Illuminance meter 2.4 Terms related to measur

19、ing instruments 3. CO-ORDINATE SYSTEMS FOR THE PHOTOMETRY OF LUMINAIRES 3.1 General aspects 3.2 Basic goniophotometers 3.3 The co-ordinate system 3.4 Systems of measurement planes 3.4.1 A-planes 3.4.2 B-planes 3.4.3 C-planes 3.4.4 Relationships Page 111 IV VIII w11 VIII 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

20、 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 6 6 7 8 a IV COPYRIGHT International Commission on IlluminationLicensed by Information Handling ServicesPubl. CIE 121-1996 4. LABORATORYREQUIREMENTS FOR TESTS 4.1 General 4.2 Standard test conditions 4.2.1 Test room 4.2.2 Test lamps 4.2.3 Test ballast

21、s 4.2.4 Test luminaires 4.2.5 Test voltage 4.3 Practical test conditions 4.3.1 Ambient temperature variation 4.3.2 Air movement 4.4.1 Requirements for illuminance meters used in goniophotometers 4.4 Photometric apparatus 4.4.1 .l Calibration 4.4.1.2 Linearity 4.4.1.3 Fatigue 4.4.1.4 Response time 4.

22、4.1.5 Spectral responsivity 4.4.1.6 Temperature dependence 4.4.1.7 Cosine response 4.4.2 Requirements for the auxiliary detector used to monitor the light source 4.4.3 Requirements for a collimating photometer head 4.4.4 Requirements for goniophotometers 4.5 Other laboratory equipment 4.5.1 Electric

23、al power supply 4.5.2 Electrical measuring instruments 4.5.3 Electrical circuits 4.5.4 Temperature measuring instruments 5. PREPARATION OF LAMPS, BALLASTS AND LUMINAIRES FOR TESTS 5.1 Lamps 5.1.1 General requirements for all types of lamp 5.1.2 Photometric light centre of the lamp 5.1.3 Specific req

24、uirements of different types of lamp 5.1.3.1 Incandescent tungsten-filament lamps 5.1.3.2 Tubular and compact fluorescent lamps (including amalgam lamps) 5.1.3.3 High pressure mercury vapour lamps 5.1.3.4 Metal halide Lamps 5.1.3.5 Low pressure sodium vapour lamps 5.1.3.6 High pressure sodium vapour

25、 lamps 5.2 Test ballasts 5.3 Luminaires for test 5.3.1 Selection and handling of the luminaire 5.3.2 Photometric centre of the luminaire 6. PHOTOMETRIC METHODS AND PRACTICAL TEST PROCEDURES 6.1 General 6.1.1 Absolute measurements 6.1.2 Relative measurements 6.1.3 Photometric measurements on luminair

26、es 6.1.3.1 Principal photometric measurements 6.1.3.2 Subsidiaty measurements 6.1.3.3 Derived values 6.1.4 General measurement requirements 6.2.1 Goniophotometer , 6.2 Luminous intensity distribution measurements 6.2.1 .I Purpose 6.2.1.2 Construction 6.2.1.3 Screening against stray light 9 9 10 10 1

27、0 10 10 10 10 11 11 11 12 12 12 13 13 13 14 14 14 14 15 15 15 15 16 16 16 16 16 17 18 18 19 19 20 21 21 22 22 22 22 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 25 25 25 25 26 26 26 COPYRIGHT International Commission on IlluminationLicensed by Information Handling ServicesSTD-CIE 121-ENGL 179b 900b1115 0005540 549 Publ. CI

28、E 121-1996 6.2.1.4 Test distance (for measurements based on the photometric distance law) 6.2.1.5 Selection of lamps, ballasts and luminaires 6.2.2.1 Mounting 6.2.2.2 Measurement 6.2.2.3 Polarization measurement 6.2.3.1 Mounting 6.2.3.2 Measurement 6.2.2 Measurement of luminaires 6.2.3 Measurement o

29、f bare lamps 6.3 Luminous flux measurements on luminaires 6.3.1 General 6.3.2 Intensity integration methods 6.3.3 Integrating photometer 6.3.2.1 Purpose 6.3.2.2 Relative calibration of the goniophotometer 6.3.3.1 Purpose 6.3.3.2 Construction 6.3.3.3 Selection of lamps, ballast and luminaire 6.3.3.4

30、Mounting and measurement of the bare lamp 6.3.3.5 Mounting and measurement of the luminaire 6.3.3.6 Sources of error 6.4 Light output ratio of a luminaire 6.4.1 General 6.4.2 Recommended light output ratio 6.4.3 Measurement procedure for light output ratio 6.4.3.1 Single-lamp luminaires. 6.4.3.2 Mul

31、ti-lamp luminaires. 6.5 Luminance measurements 6.5.1 General 6.5.2 Average luminance 6.5.3 Patch luminance . 6.5.3.1 Measurement with a luminance meter 6.5.3.2 Measurement with a goniophotometer 6.6 Illuminance measurements 6.6.1 General 6.6.2 General measurement requirements 6.6.3 Measurement proce

32、dure 6.6.2.1 Measurement apparatus 6.6.2.2 Selection of lamps, ballasts and luminaires 7. PHOTOMETRIC CORRECTION FACTORS 7.1 General 7.2 Measurement correction factors 7.2.1 Purpose 7.2.2 Determination 7.2.2.1 General method 7.2.2.2 Correction factor for measurements of a luminaire in a non-standard

33、 position 7.2.2.3 Temperature correcton factor (Monitored light source method ) 7.3 Service conversion factors 7.3.1 Purpose 7.3.2 Determination 7.3.2.1 General 7.3.2.2 Service conversion factor for ambient temperatures other than 25C 7.3.2.3 Conversion factor for amalgam lamps (Simulated light sour

34、ce method) 27 27 27 27 27 28 28 28 28 29 29 29 29 29 30 30 30 30 30 31 31 31 31 32 33 33 33 33 33 34 34 34 34 34 34 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 36 36 36 36 37 37 37 37 37 38 39 39 39 7.4 Ballast lumen factor 7.4.1 Purpose 7.4.2 Determination VI COPYRIGHT International Commission on IlluminationLicensed

35、by Information Handling ServicesPbl. CIE 121-1996 8. ACCURACY REQUIREMENTS AND PRESENTATION OF TEST RESULTS 8.1 Accuracy of the measurements 8.1.1 .I Possible systematic errors 8.1 .i .2 Possible random errors 8.1.1 Sources of error 8.1.2 Uncertainties 8.2.1 General 8.2.2 Test report 8.2 Presentatio

36、n of test results 8.2.2.1 General information 8.2.2.2 Photometric data References FIGURES 1. Luminaire orientation for A,a goniophotometry. 2. Luminaire orientation for B, goniophotometry. 3. Luminaire orientation for C;y goniophotometry. 4. The photometric centre of incandescent, compact fluorescen

37、t and reflector lamps. 5. Photometric centres of various types of luminaire 39 39 39 40 40 41 41 41 41 41 42 42 6 7 8 17 23 VI I COPYRIGHT International Commission on IlluminationLicensed by Information Handling ServicesPubl. CIE 121-1996 The Photometry and Goniophotometry of Luminaires SUMMARY This

38、 technical report provides general requirements for the photometry of luminaires of most types and includes the following information: 0 standard test conditions under which the tests should be carried out, with acceptable practical tolerances; 0 selection procedures for lamps and luminaires; proced

39、ures for measurement of the photometric charactenstics of luminaires and assessment of the possible sources of error; correction factors and service conversion factors: 0 presentation of test results. The report is considered to be sufficiently comprehensive to form a practical guide for industrial

40、laboratories and contains sufficient information to replace publication CIE 24-1 973 “Photometry of indoor type luminaires“ and CIE 27-1973 “Photometry of luminaires for street lighting“. CIE will publish supplementary reports covering these types of luminaires more specifically. Photomtrie et gonio

41、photomefrie des luminaires RESUME Le prsent rapport technique formule les exigences photomtriques gnrales pour diffrents types de luminaires et comprend les informations ci-aprs: 0 les conditions dessai normalises adopter pour la ralisation des essais, avec les tolrances pratiques acceptables; 0 les

42、 procdures de slection de lampes et luminaires; 0 les procdures de mesure des caractristiques photomtriques de luminaires et les sources derreur possibles; 0 les facteurs de correction et les facteurs de conversion en service: 0 la prsentation des rsultats dessais. Le rapport est considr comme une s

43、ynthse pouvant constituer un guide pratique pour les laboratoires industriels et contient suffisamment dinformations pour remplacer les publications CIE 24-1 973 “Photometry of indoor type luminaires“ et CIE 27-1973 “Photometry of luminaires for street lighting“. II est toutefois de lintention de la

44、 CIE de publier des rapports complementaires couvrant plus spcifiquement ces types de luminaire. Photometrie und Goniophotometrie von Leuchten ZUSAMMENFASSUNG Die allgemeinen Anforderungen in diesem technischen Bericht beziehen sich auf Photometrie vieler Typen von Leuchten. Die folgende Information

45、 ist also eingeschlossen: 0 die fr die Prfung erforderlichen normierten Bedingungen, zugleich mit den im Betrieb annehmbaren Begrenzungen; 0 Auswahlverfahren fr Lampen und Leuchten; 0 Prozeduren fr Messungen der photometrischen Eigenschaften und zugleich mgliche Fehlerursachen; Korrekturfaktoren und

46、 Umsetzungsfaktoren im Betrieb; 0 Darstellung der Prfergebnissse. Der Bericht bildet eine Synthese und ist deshalb als praktische Anleitung fr industrielle Laboratorien geeignet. Er enthlt gengend Informationen, um die Publikationen CIE 24-1 973 “Photometry of indoor type luminaires“ und CIE 27-1973

47、 “Photometry of luminaires for street lighting“ zu ersetzen. Die CIE wird jedoch noch ergnzende Berichte verffentlichen, die diese Leuchtentypen genauer behandeln. VIII COPYRIGHT International Commission on IlluminationLicensed by Information Handling Services STD-CIE 121-ENGL L77b 700b115 0005543 2

48、58 m CIE 121-1996 i. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Scope This report covers general requirements for the photometry of luminaires which are considered to be applicable to most types of luminaire. The report sets out to provide specifications for the standard conditions under which photometric tests should be car

49、ried out and to recommend testing procedures which will give sufficiently accurate and reproducible results when determining and reporfing the photometric characteristics of luminaires. These specifications are intended to provide a basis for uniform national standards and to give guidance to photometric laboratories in the conduct of tests and in the presentation of luminaire performance data. The report also gives specifications for the measurement of correction factors applicable