CIE 19476-2014 Characterization of the performance of illuminance meters and luminance meters (First edition).pdf

1、 Reference numberISO/CIE 19476:2014(E)ISO/CIE 2014INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/CIE19476First edition2014-06-01Characterization of the performance of illuminance meters and luminance metersCaractrisation des performances des luxmtres et des luminancemtres ISO/CIE 19476:2014(E) COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUM

2、ENT ISO/CIE 2014 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO or CIE at the respective address belo

3、w. ISO copyright office CIE Central Bureau Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Babenbergerstrae 9/9A A-1010 Vienna Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Tel. + 43 1 714 3187 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org E-mail ciecbcie.co.at Web www.iso.org Web www.cie.co.at Published in Switzerland ii ISO/CIE 2014

4、All rights reservedISO/CIE 19476:2014(E) ISO 2014 All rights reserved iiiForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO tec

5、hnical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closel

6、y with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria ne

7、eded for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of paten

8、t rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents). Any trade name used

9、in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement. For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barr

10、iers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information ISO/CIE 19476 was prepared by CIE Technical Committee 2-40: Characterizing the performance of illuminance and luminance meters, as CIE S 023. The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 274, Light and lighting.

11、 CIE S 023/E:2013International Standard Characterization of the Performance of Illuminance Meters and Luminance Meters Caractrisation des performances des luxmtres et des luminancemtres Kennzeichnung der Gte von Beleuchtungsstrke- und Leuchtdichtemessgerten CIE International Standards are copyrighte

12、d and shall not be reproduced in any form, entirely or partly, without the explicit agreement of the CIE. CIE S 023/E:2013 UDC: 535.24 Descriptor: Photometry 535.241.5 Quantities related to photometric and other measurements 535.241.535 Calibration v ISO/CIE 19476:2014(E) ISO/CIE 2014 All rights res

13、ervedCIE Central Bureau, Vienna Babenbergerstrae 9/9A A-1010 Vienna CIE 2013 This document is a CIE International Standard and is copyright-protected by CIE. All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electr

14、onic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from CIE Central Bureau at the address below. ISO/CIE 19476:2014(E) ISO/CIE 2014 All rights reservedviCIE Central Bureau A-100 Vienna Austria Tel.: +43 1 714 3187 e-mail: ciecbcie.co.at www.cie.co.at Babenbergers

15、trae 9/9AForeword International Standards produced by the Commission Internationale de lEclairage are concise documents on aspects of light and lighting that require a unique definition. They are a primary source of internationally accepted and agreed data which can be taken, essentially unaltered,

16、into universal standard systems. This CIE International Standard has been prepared by CIE Technical Committee 2-401“Characterizing the Performance of Illuminance and Luminance Meters”. It has been approved by the Board of Administration and Division 2 of the Commission Internationale de lEclairage a

17、s well as by the CIE National Committees. It is supposed to supersede CIE Publication 69-1987. 1This TC was chaired by R. Rattunde (DE) and P. Blattner (CH). Members were: R. Austin (US), J. Bastie, (FR), T. Bergen (AU), G. Czibula (DE), G. Dezsi (HU), T. Goodman (GB), K.C. Khandelwal (IN), T.Q. Kha

18、nh (DE), U. Krger (DE), J. Mahidharia (IN), Y. Ohno (US), J. Pan (CN), J. Pietrzykowski (PL), I. Saito (JP), G. Sauter (DE), J. Schanda (HU), H. Shitomi (JP), A. Sperli ng (DE), W. Steudtner (DE), R. Stolyarevskaya (RU), H.-G. Ulrich (DE), G. Vandermeersch (BE), P. Vukadin (RS), X. Gan (SG), R. Youn

19、g (GB). ISO/CIE 19476:2014(E) ISO/CIE 2014 All rights reserved viiCONTENTS Foreword . vii 1 Scope 1 2 Normative References 1 3 Definitions 2 3.1 General Definitions 2 3.2 Quality Indices . 4 4 Calibration 7 4.1 Conditions . 7 4.2 Illuminance Meters 7 4.2.1 General . 7 4.2.2 (Planar) Illuminance E 7

20、4.2.3 Spherical Illuminance E0. 8 4.2.4 Cylindrical Illuminance Ec. 8 4.2.5 Semi-Cylindrical Illuminance Esc. 8 4.2.6 Semi-Spherical Illuminance E2. 9 4.3 Luminance Meters . 9 4.4 Calibration Uncertainties 9 4.5 Initial Adjustment . 10 4.6 Checking of Photometers . 10 5 Properties of Illuminance Met

21、ers and Luminance Meters . 11 5.1 General Considerations . 11 5.2 Spectral Properties 11 5.2.1 General . 11 5.2.2 Measurement . 11 5.2.3 Luminous Responsivity 12 5.2.4 Relative Luminous Responsivity and Spectral Mismatch Correction Factor 12 5.2.5 Colour Correction Factor and Mismatch Exponent . 13

22、5.2.6 Specific Mismatch Index . 13 5.2.7 General V Mismatch Index 1f 13 5.3 UV Response 14 5.3.1 General . 14 5.3.2 Measurement . 14 5.3.3 Characterization . 15 5.4 IR Response 16 5.4.1 General . 16 5.4.2 Measurement . 16 5.4.3 Characterization . 16 5.5 Directional Response for Illuminance Meters 17

23、 5.5.1 General . 17 5.5.2 Measurement . 17 5.5.3 Characterization for (Planar) Illuminance Meters . 17 5.5.4 Characterization for Spherical Illuminance Meter 18 5.5.5 Characterization for Cylindrical Illuminance Meter . 19 ISO/CIE 19476:2014(E) ISO/CIE 2014 All rights reservedviii5.5.6 Characterizat

24、ion for Semi-Cylindrical Illuminance Meter 20 5.5.7 Characterization for Semi-Spherical Illuminance Meter . 21 5.6 Directional Response for Luminance Meter 22 5.6.1 General . 22 5.6.2 Measurement . 22 5.6.3 Characterization . 22 5.6.4 Measurement of the Effect of the Surrounding Field 24 5.7 Lineari

25、ty 25 5.7.1 General . 25 5.7.2 Measurement . 25 5.7.3 Characterization . 25 5.8 Display-Unit . 26 5.8.1 General . 26 5.8.2 Characterization . 26 5.9 Fatigue 27 5.9.1 General . 27 5.9.2 Measurement . 27 5.9.3 Characterization . 27 5.10 Temperature 27 5.10.1 General . 27 5.10.2 Measurement . 28 5.10.3

26、 Characterization . 28 5.11 Humidity Resistance 28 5.11.1 General . 28 5.11.2 Measurement . 28 5.11.3 Characterization . 29 5.12 Modulated Light . 29 5.12.1 General . 29 5.12.2 Measurement . 29 5.12.3 Characterization . 30 5.13 Polarization Dependence . 30 5.13.1 General . 30 5.13.2 Measurement . 30

27、 5.13.3 Characterization . 31 5.14 Spatial Non-Uniformity Response . 31 5.14.1 General . 31 5.14.2 Measurement . 31 5.14.3 Characterization . 31 5.15 Range Change 32 5.15.1 General . 32 5.15.2 Measurement . 32 5.15.3 Characterization . 32 5.16 Focusing Distance (luminance meter only) . 32 5.16.1 Gen

28、eral . 32 5.16.2 Measurement . 33 5.16.3 Characterization . 33 6 Acronyms . 33 ISO/CIE 19476:2014(E) ISO/CIE 2014 All rights reservedixx Annex A (normative) Sources and Filters Used for the Determination of the UV and IR Response . 34 Annex B (informative) General Comments . 36 B.1 General . 36 B.2

29、Quality Indices . 36 B.2.1 V Mismatch 1f . 36 B.2.2 UV Response UVf . 36 B.2.3 IR Response IRf . 36 B.2.4 Cosine Response 2f (illuminance meter only) 36 B.2.5 Directional Response 2,gf and Surround Field 2,uf (luminance meter only) 37 B.2.6 Linearity 3f . 37 B.2.7 Display-Unit 4f 37 B.2.8 Fatigue 5f

30、 . 37 B.2.9 Temperature Dependence 6,Tf 37 B.2.10 Humidity Resistance 37 6,HfB.2.11 Modulated Light 7f 37 B.2.12 Polarization 8f 37 B.2.13 Spatial Non-Uniformity Response . 38 9fB.2.14 Range Change 11f 38 B.2.15 Focusing Distance 12f (luminance meter only) . 38 ISO/CIE 19476:2014(E) ISO/CIE 2014 All

31、 rights reservedCharacterization of the Performance of Illuminance Meters and Luminance Meters 1 Scope This CIE International Standard is a pplicable to illuminance and luminance meters. The Standard defines quality indices characterizing the performance of such devices in a general lighting measure

32、ment situation, as well as measurement procedures for the individual indices and standard calibration conditions. Measurements of illuminance or luminance and their accuracy are influenced by various parameters, such as operational conditions, properties of light sources, as we ll as characteristics

33、 of the applied photometers. The characteristics of these photometers alone do not allow the determination of the measurement uncertainty for a specific measurement task. Nevertheless, it is generally true that instruments with “better” characteristics in most cases produce smaller uncertainties tha

34、n instruments with “worse” properties. This Standard has been written to: give clear and unambiguous definitions for the individual quality indices; define measurement procedures and methods for numerical evaluation of these quality indices; define calibration conditions for illuminance meters and l

35、uminance meters. Where different, the definitions of the quality indices and the associated measurement procedures and methods for numerical evaluation given in this Standard supersede those given in CIE Publication 53-1982. CIE publication 69-1987 shall be superseded by this Standard. 2 Normative R

36、eferences The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applie

37、s. CIE 202:2011 Spectral Responsivity Measurement of Detectors, Radiometers and Photometers CIE S 017/E:2011 ILV: International Lighting Vocabulary ISO 11664-2:2007/CIE S 014-2:2006 Colorimetry Part 2: CIE Standard Illuminants ISO 23539:2005/CIE S 010:2004 Photometry The CIE System of Physical Photo

38、metry CIE 198:2011 Determination of Measurement Uncertainties in Photometry CIE 114/4-1994 CIE Collection in Photometry and Colorimetry - Distribution Temperature and Ratio Temperature IEC 60051-1:1997 Direct acting indicating analogue electrical measuring instruments and their accessories Part 1: D

39、efinitions and general requirements common to all parts ISO/IEC Guide 98-3:20081Uncertainty of measurement - Part 3: Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement (GUM:1995) ISO/IEC Guide 99:20072International Vocabulary of Metrology Ba sic and General Concepts and Associated Terms (VIM). 1A

40、lso referred as JCGM 100:2008, available from BIPM webpage. 2Also referred as JCGM 200:2008, available from BIPM webpage. ISO/CIE 19476:2014(E) ISO/CIE 2014 All rights reserved 13 Definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in CIE S 017/E:2011 (International Lighti

41、ng Vocabulary) and the following apply. 3.1 General Definitions 3.1.1 measurement accuracy closeness of agreement between a measured quantity value and a true quantity value of a measurand Note 1 to entry: The concept measurement accuracy is not a quan tity and is not given a numerical quantity valu

42、e. A measurement is said to be more accurate when it offers a smaller measurement error. Note 2 to entry: The term “measurement accuracy” should not be used for measurement trueness and the term measurement precision should not be used for measu rement accuracy, which, however, is related to both th

43、ese concepts. Note 3 to entry: Measurement accuracy is sometimes understood as closeness of agreement between measured quantity values that are being attributed to the measurand. Source: ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007 (VIM), 2.13 3.1.2 measurement error measured quantity value minus a reference quantity valu

44、e Note 1 to entry: The concept of measurement error can be used both a) when there is a single re ference quantity value to refer to, which occurs if a calibration is made b y means of a measurement standard with a measured quantity value having a negligible measurement uncertainty or if a conventio

45、nal quantity value is given, in which case the measurement error is known, and b) if a measurand is supposed to be represented by a unique true quantity value or a set of true quantity values of negligible range, in w hich case the measuremen t error is not known. Note 2 to entry: Measurement error

46、should not be confused with production error or mistake. Source: ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007 (VIM), 2.16 3.1.3 calibration operation that, under specified conditions, in a first step, establishes a relation between the quantity values with measurement uncertainties provided by measurement standards and co

47、rresponding indications with associated measurement uncertainties and, in a second step, uses this information to establish a relation for obtaining a measurement result from an indication Note 1 to entry: A calibration may be e xpressed by a statement, calibration function, calibration diagram, cal

48、ibration curve, or calibration table. In some cases, it may consist of an additive or multiplicative correction of the indication with associated measurement uncertainty. Note 2 to entry: Calibration should not be confused with adjustment of a measuring sy stem, often mistakenly called “self-calibra

49、tion”, nor with verification of calibration. Note 3 to entry: Often, the first step alone in the above definition is perceived as being calibration. Source: ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007 (VIM), 2.39 3.1.4 adjustment of a measuring system set of operations carried out on a measuring system so that it provides prescribed indications corresponding to given values of a quantity to be measured ISO/CIE 19476:2014(E) ISO/CIE 2014 All rights reserved2Note 1 to entry: Types of