CSA S851-2012 Post-blast safety evaluation of buildings (First Edition).pdf

1、S851-12Post-blast safety evaluation of buildingsLegal NoticeThis document is provided by the Canadian Standards Association (operating as “CSA Group”) as a convenience only. Disclaimer and exclusion of liabilityThis document is provided without any representations, warranties, or conditions of any k

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13、itions of this Legal Notice.Standards Update ServiceS851-12October 2012Title: Post-blast safety evaluation of buildingsPagination: 67 pages (vii preliminary and 60 text), each dated October 2012To register for e-mail notification about any updates to this publicationgo to shop.csa.caclick on CSA Upd

14、ate ServiceThe List ID that you will need to register for updates to this publication is 2422093.If you require assistance, please e-mail techsupportcsagroup.org or call 416-747-2233.Visit CSA Groups policy on privacy at csagroup.org/legal to find out how we protect your personal information.TMA tra

15、de-mark of the Canadian Standards Association, operating as “CSA Group”Published in October 2012 by CSA GroupA not-for-profit private sector organization5060 Spectrum Way, Suite 100, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada L4W 5N61-800-463-6727 416-747-4044Visit our Online Store at shop.csa.caS851-12Post-blast

16、 safety evaluation of buildings100%ISBN 978-1-77139-030-9 2012 CSA GroupAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form whatsoever without the prior permission of the publisher.To purchase standards and related publications, visit our Online Store at shop.csa.ca or cal

17、l toll-free 1-800-463-6727 or 416-747-4044.CSA Group prints its publications on Rolland Enviro100, which contains 100% recycled post-consumer fibre, is EcoLogo and Processed Chlorine Free certified, and was manufactured using biogas energy.October 2012 iiiContents 2012 CSA Group Post-blast safety ev

18、aluation of buildingsTask Force on Post-Blast Assessment of Buildings viPreface vii0Introduction 10.1 General 10.2 Overview 10.3 Users 10.4 Classification and marking 11Scope 12 Reference publications 23 Definitions and abbreviations 33.1 Definitions 33.2 Abbreviations 44 Evaluation methodology 44.1

19、 Objective 44.2 Evaluation levels 54.2.1 General 54.2.2 Preliminary evaluation 54.2.3 Level I structural evaluation 54.2.4 Level II structural evaluation 64.2.5 Localized damage 64.3 Marking 65 General procedures for qualified inspectors and engineers 85.1 Duties 85.1.1 Liaison with responders 85.1.

20、2 Liaison with occupants and owners 85.2 Professional judgment 85.2.1 General 85.2.2 Training 85.3 Dangerous substances 86 Preliminary evaluation 96.1 General 96.2 Qualified inspectors Emergency management program 96.3 Documentation 96.3.1 Blast documentation 96.3.2 Evaluation forms 106.4 Preliminar

21、y evaluation safety classification 106.4.1 Classification 106.4.2 Criteria 106.5 Building evaluation 106.5.1 General 106.5.2 Adjacent building assessment 116.5.3 Limited access inspection 116.5.4 Evaluation 11S851-12 2012 CSA Groupiv October 20126.5.5 Internal explosions 116.5.6 Fire and high temper

22、ature 116.6 Hazard identification and marking 116.6.1 General 116.6.2 Geotechnical hazards 116.6.3 Damaged architectural elements 117 Level I structural evaluation 157.1 General 157.2 Qualified reviewers 157.3 Documentation 157.3.1 Blast documentation 157.3.2 Evaluation forms 157.4 Level I structura

23、l safety classification 157.4.1 General 157.4.2 “Level I safe” 157.4.3 “Level I safety uncertain” 167.4.4 “Level I unsafe” 167.5 Building evaluation 167.5.1 General 167.5.2 Exterior survey 167.5.3 Interior survey 177.5.4 Fire evaluation 177.6 Classification criteria for Level I structural evaluation

24、 177.6.1 General 177.6.2 Construction types 177.6.3 Reinforced concrete buildings 187.6.4 Steel frame buildings 187.6.5 Masonry buildings 188 Level II structural evaluation 248.1 General 248.2 Qualified reviewers 248.3 Level II structural safety classification 258.3.1 General 258.3.2 “Level II safe”

25、 258.3.3 “Level II unsafe” 258.4 Building evaluation 258.4.1 Engineering judgment 258.4.2 Typical procedures 258.4.3 Ductility of building structural system 258.5 Rehabilitation decisions 25AnnexesA Commentary 44B Post-blast assessment forms 51C Building access markings 56Tables1 Preliminary evaluat

26、ion criteria 142 General classification criteria for Level I structural evaluation of buildings and danger areas 193 Safety classification criteria for Level I structural evaluation of concrete buildings 204 General safety classification criteria for Level I structural evaluation of steel frame buil

27、dings 225 Safety classification criteria for Level I structural evaluation of masonry buildings 24 2012 CSA Group Post-blast safety evaluation of buildingsOctober 2012 vFigures1 Post-blast building evaluations and actions 72 Collapse of ceiling and light fixtures Preliminary Classification: “Unsafe”

28、 Level I Structural Classification: “Level I Safety Uncertain” 263 Collapse of ceiling and light fixtures Preliminary Classification: “Level I Unsafe” Level I Structural Classification: “Safety Uncertain” 274 Shift of structural elements/building out of plumb Preliminary Classification: “Unsafe” Lev

29、el I Structural Classification: “Level I Unsafe” 285 Severe damage to primary structural elements Preliminary Classification: “Unsafe” Level I Structural Classification: “Level I Unsafe” 296 Severe damage to primary structural elements Preliminary Classification: “Unsafe” Level I Structural Classifi

30、cation: “Level I Unsafe” 307 Hazard due to falling debris Preliminary Classification: “Unsafe” (danger zone only) 318 Obstructed access due to a large crater Preliminary Classification: “Unsafe” (danger zone only) Level I Structural Classification: “Level I Safety Uncertain” 329 Severe local damage

31、Preliminary Classification: “Unsafe” (danger zone only) Level I Structural Classification: “Level I Safety Uncertain” 3210 Minor glazing damage Preliminary Classification: “Safety Uncertain” Level I Structural Classification: “Level I Safe” 3311 Extensive architectural and glazing damage Preliminary

32、 Classification: “Unsafe” Level I Structural Classification: “Level I Safety Uncertain” 3412 Global damage and architectural/glazing damage Preliminary Classification: “Unsafe” Level I Structural Classifications: “Level I Unsafe” and “Level I Safety Uncertain” 3513 Global damage Preliminary Classifi

33、cation: “Unsafe” Level I Structural Classification: “Level I unsafe” 3614 Global damage Preliminary Classification: “Unsafe” Level I Structural Classification: “Level I Unsafe” 3715 Localized damage Preliminary Classification: “Unsafe” Level I Structural Classification: “Level I Unsafe” 3816 Localiz

34、ed damage Preliminary Classification: “Unsafe” Level I Structural Classification: “Level I Unsafe” 3917 Column failure Preliminary Classification: “Safety Uncertain” Level I Structural Classification: “Level I Unsafe” 4018 Column failure Preliminary Classification: “Unsafe” Level I Structural Classi

35、fication: “Level I Unsafe” 4119 Column failure Preliminary Classification: “Unsafe” Level I Structural Classification: “Level I Unsafe” 4220 Connection failure Preliminary Classification: “Safety Uncertain” Level I Structural Classification: “Level I Unsafe” 4321 Failure of unreinforced masonry wall

36、s Preliminary Classification: “Unsafe” Level I Structural Classification: “Level I Unsafe” 43S851-12 2012 CSA Groupvi October 2012Task Force on Post-Blast Assessment of BuildingsA.G. Razaqpur McMaster University,Hamilton, OntarioChairJ. Buck City of Ottawa,Ottawa, OntarioK. Clupp Royal Canadian Moun

37、ted Police,Ottawa, OntarioS.H. Foo Public Works (b) relevant clause, table, and/or figure number;(c) wording of the proposed change; and(d) rationale for the change. 2012 CSA Group Post-blast safety evaluation of buildingsOctober 2012 1S851-12Post-blast safety evaluation of buildings0Introduction0.1

38、 GeneralThis Guideline is intended to provide systematic procedures for post-blast structural safety evaluation of buildings. It presents the basic elements necessary to achieve expedient and safe evaluation of buildings affected by a blast event. It provides guidance to the authority having jurisdi

39、ction (AHJ) to develop suitable standard operating procedures incorporating criteria for post-blast safety inspection and assessment.Notes: (1) Although emphasis is placed on malicious explosions, these procedures may be equally applied to accidental blast events.(2) Post-blast hazards not addressed

40、 in this Guideline include but are not limited to air quality, damaged mechanical and electrical equipment, debris, fire, hazardous materials (i.e., CBRN), secondary explosives, gas leaks, and flooding. See Clause A.0.1 for information on additional precautions, including personal protective equipme

41、nt (PPE).0.2 OverviewThe objective of this Guideline is to provide an engineering basis for assessment of the safety of the structural and architectural components of a building after a blast event. Preliminary, Level I structural, and Level II structural evaluation procedures are used to classify t

42、he safety of a building.Structural assessment is one component of the assessment of a building after a post-blast event. The various types of necessary evaluation are identified in Clause 4.Although the procedures in this Guideline are presented in a format that applies to a single building, the pri

43、nciples can be applied to multiple buildings.0.3 UsersThis Guideline is intended as a tool for qualified inspectors, engineers, and urban search and rescue (USAR) personnel. It provides guidance to an AHJ to develop suitable standard operating procedures (SOP) for performing post-blast safety inspec

44、tion and assessment. Although the Guideline is comprehensive, further refinement might be necessary by the AHJ as appropriate for implementation.0.4 Classification and markingThis Guideline has been developed to assist in the proper classification of post-blast safety of buildings. Although typical

45、methods of marking have been provided in Annex C, requirements for marking are outside of the scope of this Guideline.1Scope1.1This Guideline specifies procedures for the assessment of the safety of the structural and architectural components of a building affected by a blast event.S851-12 2012 CSA

46、Group2 October 20121.2This Guideline does not contain procedures for assessing all post-blast hazards or pre-existing risks, but they should be considered.1.3The principles and criteria of post-blast assessment may be incorporated into existing emergency response protocols.1.4In this Guideline, “sho

47、uld” is used to express a recommendation or that which is advised but not required; “may” is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the limits of the Guideline; and “can” is used to express possibility or capability.2 Reference publicationsThis Guideline refers to the followin

48、g publications, and where such reference is made, it is to the edition listed below, including all amendments published thereto.CSA GroupS850-12Design and assessment of buildings subjected to blast loadsZ1002-12Occupational health and safety Hazard identification and elimination and risk assessment

49、and controlASTM International (American Society for Testing and Materials)D323-08Standard Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum ProductsNFPA (National Fire Protection Association)471-2002Responding to Hazardous Materials Incidents472-2008 Standard for Competence of Responders to Hazardous Materials/Weapons of Mass Destruction Incidents921-2011Guide for Fire and Explosion InvestigationsOther publicationsRazaqpur, A.G., Campidelli, M., and Foo, S. 2011. Guide fo