CLC TS 60034-25-2008 Rotating electrical machines - Part 25 Guidance for the design and performance of a c motors specifically designed for converter supply《旋转电机 第25部分 专为变频电源设计的交流电.pdf

1、Rotating electricalmachines Part 25: Guidance for the design and performance of a.c. motors specificallydesigned for converter supplyDD CLC/TS 60034-25:2008DD CLC/TS 60034-25:2008raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI British StandardsNat

2、ional forewordThis Draft for Development is the UK implementation of CLC/TS 60034-25:2008. It supersedes DD CLC/TS 60034-25:2005 which is withdrawn.This publication is not to be regarded as a British Standard.It is being issued in the Draft for Development series of publications and is ofa provision

3、al nature. It should be applied on this provisional basis, so thatinformation and experience of its practical application can be obtained.Comments arising from the use of this Draft for Development are requestedso that UK experience can be reported to the European organization responsible for its co

4、nversion to a European standard. A review of this will be initiated not later than three years after its publication by theEuropean organization so that a decision can be taken on its status.Notification of the start of the review period will be made in an announce-ment in the appropriate issue of U

5、pdate Standards.According to the replies received by the end of the review period, the responsible BSI Committee will decide whether to support the conversion intoa European Standard, to extend the life of the Technical Specification or towithdraw it. Comments should be sent to the Secretary of the

6、responsible BSITechnical Committee at British Standards House, 389 Chiswick High Road,London W4 4AL.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical CommitteePEL/2, Rotating electrical machinery.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its

7、secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of acontract. Users are responsible for its correct application. BSI 2009ISBN 978 0 580 56364 5ICS 29.160.30BRITISH STANDARDDD CLC/TS 60034-25:2008Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedThis Draft for D

8、evelopment was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 March 2009It is identical to IEC/TS 60034-25:2007 .DD CLC/TS 60034-25:2008TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION CLC/TS 60034-25 SPCIFICATION TECHNIQUE TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATION December 2008 CENELEC European Committee

9、 for Electrotechnical Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europisches Komitee fr Elektrotechnische Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 35, B - 1050 Brussels 2008 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC memb

10、ers. Ref. No. CLC/TS 60034-25:2008 E ICS 29.160 Supersedes CLC/TS 60034-25:2005English version Rotating electrical machines - Part 25: Guidance for the design and performance of a.c. motors specifically designed for converter supply (IEC/TS 60034-25:2007) This Technical Specification was approved by

11、 CENELEC on 2008-07-18. CENELEC members are required to announce the existence of this TS in the same way as for an EN and to make the TS available promptly at national level in an appropriate form. It is permissible to keep conflicting national standards in force. CENELEC members are the national e

12、lectrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Swi

13、tzerland and the United Kingdom. DD CLC/TS 60034-25:2008CLC/TS 60034-25:2008 - 2 - Foreword The text of the Technical Specification IEC/TS 60034-25:2007, prepared by IEC TC 2, Rotating machinery, was circulated for voting in accordance with the Internal Regulations, Part 2, Subclause 11.3.3.3 and wa

14、s approved by CENELEC as CLC/TS 60034-25 on 2008-07-18. This Technical Specification supersedes CLC/TS 60034-25:2005. CLC/TS 60034-25:2008 contains the following significant technical changes with respect to CLC/TS 60034-25:2005: replacement of the original introduction by a shorter introduction; ex

15、tension of the scope to include all converter-fed motors, not just LV-induction motors; minor changes throughout Clauses 4 to 9; addition of Subclauses 4.3.4, 4.3.5, 5.4, 6.2.1, 8.6.3, 8.7 and 8.8, and Figure 7; inclusion of Subclauses 4.4 and 4.5 in Annex A; expansion of original Annex A which beco

16、mes Annex B; re-drafting of Clause 5; upgrading of 6.1.4 to 6.3; removal of noise limits from normative text; addition of reference to EN 60034-9; addition of Annex C. The following date was fixed: latest date by which the existence of the CLC/TS has to be announced at national level (doa) 2009-01-1

17、8 Annex ZA has been added by CENELEC. _ Endorsement notice The text of the Technical Specification IEC/TS 60034-25:2007 was approved by CENELEC as a Technical Specification without any modification. _ DD CLC/TS 60034-25:2008- 3 - CLC/TS 60034-25:2008 Annex ZA (normative) Normative references to inte

18、rnational publications with their corresponding European publications The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any

19、amendments) applies. NOTE When an international publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant EN/HD applies. Publication Year Title EN/HD Year IEC 60034-1 - 1)Rotating electrical machines - Part 1: Rating and performance EN 60034-1 2004 2)IEC 60034-2 - 1)Rot

20、ating electrical machines - Part 2: Methods for determining losses and efficiency of rotating electrical machinery from tests (excluding machines for traction vehicles) EN 60034-2 3)1996 2)IEC 60034-6 - 1)Rotating electrical machines - Part 6: Methods of cooling (IC Code) EN 60034-6 1993 2)IEC 60034

21、-9 (mod) - 1)Rotating electrical machines - Part 9: Noise limits EN 60034-9 2005 2)IEC 60034-14 - 1)Rotating electrical machines - Part 14: Mechanical vibration of certain machines with shaft heights 56 mm and higher - Measurement, evaluation and limits of vibration severity EN 60034-14 2004 2)IEC/T

22、S 60034-17 2006 Rotating electrical machines - Part 17: Cage induction motors when fed from converters - Application guide - - IEC/TR 61000-5-1 - 1)Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 5: Installation and mitigation guidelines - Section 1: General considerations - - IEC 61000-5-2 - 1)Electroma

23、gnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 5: Installation and mitigation guidelines - Section 2: Earthing and cabling - - IEC 61800-2 - 1)Adjustable speed electrical power drive systems - Part 2: General requirements - Rating specifications for low voltage adjustable frequency a.c. power drive systems EN 61

24、800-2 1998 2)IEC 61800-3 - 1)Adjustable speed electrical power drive systems - Part 3: EMC requirements and specific test methods EN 61800-3 2004 2)1)Undated reference. 2)Valid edition at date of issue. 3)EN 60034-2 includes supplement A:1974 to IEC 60034-2:1972. It is partly superseded by EN 60034-

25、2-1:2007, which is based on IEC 60034-2-1:2007 DD CLC/TS 60034-25:2008CLC/TS 60034-25:2008 - 4 - Publication Year Title EN/HD Year IEC 61800-5-1 - 1)Adjustable speed electrical power drive systems - Part 5-1: Safety requirements - Electrical, thermal and energy EN 61800-5-1 2007 2)IEC 61800-5-2 - 1)

26、Adjustable speed electrical power drive systems - Part 5-2: Safety requirements - Functional EN 61800-5-2 2007 2)DD CLC/TS 60034-25:2008 2 TS 60034-25 IEC:2007(E) CONTENTS FOREWORD.6INTRODUCTION.81 Scope.92 Normative references .93 Terms and definitions .104 System characteristics114.1 General .114.

27、2 System information114.3 Torque/speed considerations.124.4 Motor requirements .165 Losses and their effects (for induction motors fed from U-converters).185.1 General .185.2 Location of the additional losses due to converter supply and ways to reduce them 185.3 Converter features to reduce the moto

28、r losses 185.4 Use of filters to reduce additional motor losses due to converter supply 205.5 Temperature and life expectancy.205.6 Determination of motor efficiency 216 Noise, vibration and torsional oscillation.216.1 Noise 216.2 Vibration (excluding torsional oscillation).246.3 Torsional oscillati

29、on 257 Motor insulation electrical stresses.257.1 General .257.2 Causes257.3 Winding electrical stress277.4 Insulation stress limitation .297.5 Responsibilities .297.6 Converter characteristics.307.7 Methods of reduction of voltage stress 317.8 Motor choice .318 Bearing currents.328.1 Sources of bea

30、ring currents in converter-fed motors328.2 Generation of high-frequency bearing currents 328.3 Common mode circuit348.4 Stray capacitances 348.5 Consequences of excessive bearing currents 368.6 Preventing high-frequency bearing current damage.368.7 Additional considerations for motors fed by high vo

31、ltage U-converters 388.8 Bearing current protection for motors fed by high-voltage current-source converters (I-converters) .399 Installation399.1 Earthing, bonding and cabling .399.2 Reactors and filters .459.3 Integral motors (integrated motor and drive modules)46DD CLC/TS 60034-25:2008TS 60034-25

32、 IEC:2007(E) 3 10 Additional considerations for permanent magnet (PM) synchronous motors fed by U-converters.4710.1 System characteristics 4710.2 Losses and their effects 4710.3 Noise, vibration and torsional oscillation4710.4 Motor insulation electrical stresses4710.5 Bearing currents4810.6 Particu

33、lar aspects of permanent magnets 4811 Additional considerations for cage induction motors fed by high voltage U-converters 4811.1 General .4811.2 System characteristics 4811.3 Losses and their effects 5011.4 Noise, vibration and torsional oscillation5011.5 Motor insulation electrical stresses5111.6

34、Bearing currents5312 Additional considerations for synchronous motors fed U-converters5312.1 System characteristics 5312.2 Losses and their effects 5312.3 Noise, vibration and torsional oscillation5312.4 Motor insulation electrical stresses5312.5 Bearing currents5313 Additional considerations for ca

35、ge induction motors fed by block-type I-converters .5413.1 System characteristics 5413.2 Losses and their effects 5513.3 Noise, vibration and torsional oscillation5513.4 Motor insulation electrical stresses5613.5 Bearing currents5613.6 Additional considerations for six-phase cage induction motors 56

36、14 Additional considerations for synchronous motors fed by LCI .5614.1 System characteristics 5614.2 Losses and their effects 5814.3 Noise, vibration and torsional oscillation5814.4 Motor insulation electrical stresses5814.5 Bearing currents5815 Additional considerations for pulsed I-converters (PWM

37、 CSI) feeding induction motors5815.1 System characteristics 5815.2 Losses and their effects 5915.3 Noise, vibration and torsional oscillation5915.4 Motor insulation electrical stresses5915.5 Bearing currents5916 Other motor/converter systems.6016.1 Drives supplied by cyclo-converters 6016.2 Wound ro

38、tor induction (asynchronous) machines supplied by I-converters in the rotor circuit 6116.3 Wound rotor induction (asynchronous) machines supplied by U-converters in the rotor circuit 61DD CLC/TS 60034-25:2008 4 TS 60034-25 IEC:2007(E) Annex A (normative) Converter characteristics 63Annex B (informat

39、ive) Converter output spectra.67Annex C (informative) Noise increments due to converter supply.70Bibliography71Figure 1 Torque/speed capability .13Figure 2 Converter output current 13Figure 3 Converter output voltage/frequency characteristics 15Figure 4 Example of measured losses PLas a function of

40、frequency f and supply type.19Figure 5 Additional losses PLof a motor (same motor as Figure 4) due to convertersupply, as a function of pulse frequency fp, at 50 Hz rotational frequency .20Figure 6 Fan noise as a function of fan speed22Figure 7 Vibration modes .23Figure 8 Typical surges at the termi

41、nals of a motor fed from a PWM converter 26Figure 9 Typical voltage surges on one phase at the converter and at the motor terminals (2 ms/division) .26Figure 10 Individual short rise time surge from Figure 9 (1 s/division) 27Figure 11 Definition of the peak rise time trof the voltage at the motor te

42、rminals .28Figure 12 First turn voltage as a function of the peak rise time.28Figure 13 Discharge pulse occurring as a result of converter generated voltage surge at motor terminals (100 ns/division) 29Figure 14 Limiting curves of impulse voltage Upk, measured between two motor phase terminals, as a

43、 function of the peak rise time tr.30Figure 15 Possible bearing currents.33Figure 16 Motor capacitances 35Figure 17 Bearing pitting due to electrical discharge (pit diameter 30 m to 50 m) .36Figure 18 Fluting due to excessive bearing current 36Figure 19 Bonding strap from motor terminal box to motor

44、 frame .41Figure 20 Examples of shielded motor cables and connections 42Figure 21 Parallel symmetrical cabling of high-power converter and motor.43Figure 22 Converter connections with 360 HF cable glands showing the Faraday cage .43Figure 23 Motor end termination with 360 connection .44Figure 24 Cab

45、le shield connection .44Figure 25 Characteristics of preventative measures .46Figure 26 Schematic of typical three-level converter 49Figure 27 Output voltage and current from typical three-level converter .49Figure 28 Typical first turn voltage U (as a percentage of the line-to-ground voltage) as a

46、function of du/dt 51Figure 29 Medium-voltage and high-voltage form-wound coil insulating and voltage stress control materials.52Figure 30 Schematic of block-type I-converter .54Figure 31 Current and voltage waveforms of block-type I-converter .54DD CLC/TS 60034-25:2008TS 60034-25 IEC:2007(E) 5 Figur

47、e 32 Schematic and voltage and current waveforms for a synchronous motor supplied from an I-converter .57Figure 33 Schematic of pulsed I-converter .58Figure 34 Voltages and currents of pulsed I-converter .59Figure 35 Schematic of cyclo-converter .60Figure 36 Voltage and current waveforms of a cyclo-

48、converter.60Figure A.1 Effects of switching frequency on motor and converter losses.65Figure A.2 Effects of switching frequency on acoustic noise.66Figure A.3 Effects of switching frequency on torque ripple .66Figure B.1 Typical frequency spectra of converter output voltage.67Figure B.2 Typical freq

49、uency spectra of converter output voltage.67Figure B.3 Typical spectra of converter output voltage.68Figure B.4 Typical time characteristics of motor current .68Figure B.5 Typical time characteristics of motor current .69Table 1 Alphabetical list of terms .10Table 2 Significant factors affecting torque/speed capability 14Table 3 Motor design considerations16Table 4 Motor parameters17Table 5 Effectiveness of