DIN 1301-1-2010 Units - Part 1 Unit names unit symbols《单位 第1部分 单位名称 单位符号》.pdf

1、October 2010 Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 9No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS

2、 01.060!$yy0“1868613www.din.deDDIN 1301-1Units Part 1: Unit names, unit symbolsEnglish translation of DIN 1301-1:2010-10Einheiten Teil 1: Einheitennamen, EinheitenzeichenEnglische bersetzung von DIN 1301-1:2010-10Units Partie 1: Noms des units, symbols des unitsTraduction anglaise de DIN 1301-1:2010

3、-10SupersedesDIN 1301-1:2002-10www.beuth.deDocument comprises pagesIn case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.1505.12 DIN 1301-1:2010-10 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. Contents Page Foreword. 3 1 Scope . 4 2 Normative references . 4 3 Terms and definit

4、ions 4 4 SI base units 5 5 SI derived units . 5 6 Units outside the SI 8 7 Decimal multiples and submultiples of units 9 8 Gender of unit names in German 11 9 Rules for writing unit symbols 11 Annex A (normative) Definitions of the base units of the International System of Units as established by th

5、e General Conference of Weights and Measures (Confrence Gnrale des Poids et Mesures CGPM) 13 A.1 Metre 13 A.2 Kilogram 13 A.3 Second . 13 A.4 Ampere. 13 A.5 Kelvin . 14 A.6 Mole 14 A.7 Candela 14 Bibliography . 15 DIN 1301-1:2010-10 3 Foreword This standard has been prepared by Working Committee NA

6、152-01-01-02 AK Einheiten of the Normenausschuss Technische Grundlagen (NATG) (Fundamental Technical Standards Committee), Section 1: Einheiten und Formelgren. It conforms in substance to International Standard ISO 80000-1, the SI brochure and the ordinance implementing the Gesetz ber die Einheiten

7、im Messwesen und die Zeitbestimmung (EinhZeitG) (German Law on Units). DIN 1301 Units consists of the following parts, under the general title: Part 1: Unit names, unit symbols Supplement 1 to Part 1: Names and symbols analogous to units Part 2: Submultiples and multiples for general use Part 3: Con

8、versions of units no longer to be used Amendments This standard differs from DIN 1301-1:2002-10 as follows: a) the unit “katal” has been included in Table 2; b) values for the atomic mass unit and the electronvolt have been changed to the values recommended in 2006 by CODATA (Committee on Data for S

9、cience and Technology); c) the footnote “Not to be used with prefixes” has been added to the degree Celsius and the perigon; d) in the German version, the gender of the terms “Grad Celsius” (degree Celsius) and “Grad” (degree) has been specified as being neuter; e) in the German version, the gender

10、of the terms “Meter” and “Liter” has been specified as being masculine; f) the definition of the kelvin in Annex A.5 has been defined in greater detail in accordance with the 23rd CGPM (General Conference on Weights and Measures) in 2007; g) the content has been editorially revised. Previous edition

11、s DIN 1301: 1925-07, 1928-04, 1933-03, 1955-06, 1961-11, 1962X-02, 1966X-01, 1971-11 DIN 1301-1: 1978-02, 1978-10, 1985-12, 1993-12, 2002-10 DIN 1339: 1946-07, 1958-04, 1968-09, 1971-11 DIN 1357: 1958X-04, 1966-08, 1967-12, 1971-11 DIN 1301-1:2010-10 4 1 Scope This standard presents the units of the

12、 International System of Units (SI) together with a number of other recommended units and the prefixes used to express decimal multiples and sub-multiples. Multiples and submultiples of SI units for general use and further recommended units are given in DIN 1301-2. For conversions of units that are

13、no longer to be used, see DIN 1301-3. Supplement 1 to DIN 1301-1 lists other names and symbols that are used analogous to units. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For

14、 undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. DIN 1301-1 Supplement 1, Units Names and symbols analogous to units DIN 1301-2, Units Part 2: Submultiples and multiples for general use DIN 1301-3, Units Part 3: Conversions of units no longer to

15、be used DIN 1313, Quantities DIN 1338, Writing and typesetting of formulae DIN 1345, Thermodynamics Terminology DIN 40110-1, Quantities used in alternating current theory Part 1: Two-line circuits DIN 66030, Information technology Representation of SI and other units in systems with limited characte

16、r sets Le Systme International dUnits, The International System of Units, SI, 8edition 2006, Bureau International des Poids et Mesures, Organisation intergouvernementale de la Convention du Mtre, http:/www.bipm.org/utils/common/pdf/si_brochure_8.pdf CODATA Internationally recommended values of the F

17、undamental Physical Constants, http:/physics.nist.gov/constants 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions in DIN 1313 and the following apply. 3.1 International System of Units (SI) coherent system of units comprising the seven SI base units metre (m ), kil

18、ogram (kg ), second (s), ampere ( A ), kelvin ( K ), mole (mol ) and candela ( cd ), and all derived SI units NOTE The name “Systme International dUnits” (International System of Units) and the symbol SI were adopted at the 11th General Conference of Weights and Measures (CGPM) held in 1960. Full in

19、formation about the International System of Units is given in the brochure Le Systme International dUnits (SI) published in French and English by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures, see Clause 2. A German version of the SI brochure is available from the German national metrology instit

20、ute, the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), at: www.ptb.de/de/publikationen/download/pdf/si.pdf DIN 1301-1:2010-10 5 3.2 SI base unit one of the seven SI base units metre (m ), kilogram (kg ), second (s), ampere ( A ), kelvin ( K ), mole (mol ) or candela ( cd ) NOTE See also Table 1 and A

21、nnex A. 3.3 SI derived unit coherent unit derived from the SI base units EXAMPLES skgfor the mass flow rate, sA for the electric charge, 2smkgfor force NOTE 1 “coherent unit derived from the SI base units” means “expressed as a product of powers of base units with the proportionality factor one”. NO

22、TE 2 See Table 2 for SI derived units that have special names and symbols. 4 SI base units The SI base units are listed in Table 1 below. Table 1 SI base units No. Quantity SI base unit Name Symbol 1.1 length metre m 1.2 mass kilogram kg 1.3 time second s1.4 electric current ampere A 1.5 thermodynam

23、ic temperature kelvin K 1.6 amount of substance mole mol 1.7 luminous intensity candela cd 5 SI derived units SI derived units may be expressed in terms of SI base units. For many SI derived units, there are special names; in some cases there are several names for different quantities having the sam

24、e dimension. In order to better distinguish between quantities having the same dimension, preference may be given to particular names or combinations. In German, the name of a product of two units is expressed as one word (e.g. “Newtonmeter”); the numerator and denominator of a quotient are to be se

25、parated by the word “durch”.)Translators note. In English the two words are separated by a space according to ISO 80000-1, 7.2.4 (see Example 3 below) and the numerator and denominator of a quotient are to be separated by the word “per” (see Example 1 below). DIN 1301-1:2010-10 6 EXAMPLE 1 metre per

26、 second ( sm ) for speed EXAMPLE 2 joule ( J ) for energy EXAMPLE 3 newton metre ( mN ) instead of joule ( J ) for the moment of force EXAMPLE 4 hertz ( Hz ) instead of the reciprocal second s1 for the frequency of a periodic event EXAMPLE 5 becquerel (Bq ) instead of the reciprocal second s1 for th

27、e activity of a radionuclide SI derived units with special names and symbols are listed in Table 2 below. DIN 1301-1:2010-10 7 Table 2 SI derived units with special names and symbols No. Quantity SI unit Relationship Name Symbol 2.1 plane angle radian rad 111 =mmrad2.2 solid angle steradian sr11122=

28、mmsr2.3 frequency of a periodic event hertz Hz sHz11 =2.4 force newton N 2111skgmmJN=2.5 pressure, mechanical stress pascal Pa 22111smkgmNPa=2.6 energy, work, heat joule J 221111skgmsWmNJ=2.7 power, radiant flux watt W 321111skgmAVsJW=2.8 electric charge coulomb C sAC = 11 2.9 electric potential, el

29、ectric potential difference volt V AskgmCJV=321112.10 electric capacitance farad F kgmAsVCF=2241112.11 electric resistance ohm 232111AskgmAV=2.12 electric conductance siemens S kgmAsS=2231112.13 magnetic flux weber Wb AskgmsVWb=221112.14 magnetic flux density tesla T AskgmWbT=221112.15 inductance he

30、nry H 222111AskgmAWbH=2.16 Celsius temperature adegree Celsius C bKC 11 = 2.17 luminous flux lumen lm srcdlm = 11 2.18 illuminance lux lx 22111msrcdmlmlx=aSee Annex A, Clause A.5, Note 2. bNot to be used with prefixes. DIN 1301-1:2010-10 8 Table 2 (continued) No. Quantity SI unit Relationship Name S

31、ymbol 2.19 activity of a radionuclide becquerel Bq sBq11 =2.20 absorbed dose gray Gy 22111smkgJGy =2.21 dose equivalent sievert Sv 22111smkgJSv =2.22 catalytic activity katal kat smolkat 11 =6 Units outside the SI Table 3 Generally applicable units outside the SI No. Quantity Name Symbol Definition

32、3.1 plane angle round angle (perigon) a, b radangleround = 21 gradian (gon) gon ( ) radgon 2001 = degree b( ) rad1801 = minute b( )= 6011 second “ b( )“ 6011 = 3.2 volume litre Ll,cLdml 1113= 3.3 time minute min bsmin 601 = hour h bminh 601 = day d bhd 241 = 3.4 mass (metric) tonne tkgt3101 = gram g

33、 dkgg3101= 3.5 pressure bar bar Pabar5101 = aA symbol for this unit has not yet been specified at international level. bNot to be used with prefixes. cThe two unit symbols for the litre are equally valid. dThe gram is a base unit in the CGS system and also an SI unit. DIN 1301-1:2010-10 9 Table 4 Un

34、its outside the SI with restricted application No. Quantity and field of application Name Symbol Definition, relationship 4.1 Refractive power of optical systems dioptre dpt a1 dioptre is equal to the refractive power of an optical system with a focal length of 1 m in a medium having a refractive in

35、dex of 1. mdpt11 =4.2 Area of land or property are a b22101 ma = hectare ha b24101 mha = 4.3 Effective cross-section (atomic physics) barn b 228101 mb= 4.4 Mass (atomic physics) atomic mass unit u 1 atomic mass unit is equal to 1/12 of the mass of an atom of the nuclide 12C: kgunull27107825381,6601

36、= The standard deviation is: kgnull27100830000,000 =s Source: Fundamental Physical Constants, http:/physics.nist.gov/constants 4.5 Mass (precious stones) metric carat Kt a g,caratmetric 201 = 4.6 Linear density (textile fibres and yarns) tex tex kmgtex 11 =4.7 Blood pressure and pressure of other bo

37、dily fluids (medicine) millimetres of mercury mmHg bPa,mmHg 3221331 =4.8 Energy (atomic physics) electronvolt eV 1 electronvolt is the kinetic energy acquired by an electron in passing through a potential difference of 1 Volt in vacuum: JeVnull19104871761,6021 = The standard deviation is: Jnull19100

38、400000,000 =s Source: Fundamental Physical Constants, http:/physics.nist.gov/constants 4.9 Reactive power (electrical energy technology) var varWvar 11 = See DIN 40110-1. aThis symbol has not been standardized at international level. bNot to be used with prefixes. 7 Decimal multiples and submultiple

39、s of units 7.1 Decimal multiples and submultiples of units are formed with the prefixes listed in Table 5. The prefixes are only to be used in conjunction with unit names and symbols. DIN 1301-1:2010-10 10 Table 5 Prefixes for decimal multiples and submultiples of units (“SI prefixes”) No. Prefix Fa

40、ctor No. Prefix Factor Name Symbol Name Symbol 5.1 deca ad 110 5.11 deci d 1105.2 hecto h 210 5.12 centi c 2105.3 kilo k 310 5.13 milli m 3105.4 mega M 610 5.14 micro 6105.5 giga G 910 5.15 nano n9105.6 tera T 1210 5.16 pico p12105.7 peta P 1510 5.17 femto f 15105.8 exa E 1810 5.18 atto a 18105.9 ze

41、tta Z 2110 5.19 zepto z21105.10 yotta Y 2410 5.20 yocto y24107.2 A prefix symbol is written directly in front of the unit symbol with which it then forms the symbol of a new unit. An exponent placed after the unit symbol also applies to the prefix symbol. EXAMPLE 1 ( )363231011011 mmcm= EXAMPLE 2 MH

42、zHzssss 110101011161661=7.3 Compound prefixes shall not be used. EXAMPLE Write nm1 (nanometre) for m9101 not mm1 (millimicrometre). 7.4 Prefixes are not used together with the SI base unit kilogram (kg ), but with the unit gram (g ). EXAMPLE Milligram (mg ), but not microkilogram ( kg ) 7.5 When ind

43、icating quantities, it may be expedient to choose prefixes so that the numerical values lie between 10, and 0001 . EXAMPLE kN12 instead of N,41021 mm,943 instead of m, 940030 kPa,4011 instead of Pa4011 ns31 instead of s,81013 16al instead of l18106 7.6 Within the same table of values, only one prefi

44、x should be used with a given quantity, even if this means that some numerical values will lie outside the recommended range of 10, to 0001 . In some applications, a unit is used exclusively with a specific prefix, for example the millimetre in mechanical engineering drawings. DIN 1301-1:2010-10 11

45、8 Gender of unit names in German In German, the gender of the names of the units listed in Tables 1, 2, 3 and 4 is neuter (e.g. “das Kilogramm”), with the following exceptions: der Meter, der Radiant, der Steradiant, der Vollwinkel, der Liter, der Tag, die Sekunde, die Candela (the emphasis is on th

46、e second syllable), die Minute, die Stunde, die Tonne, die Dioptrie, die atomare Masseneinheit, die Millimeter-Quecksilbersule NOTE 1 The German unit names “Grad Celsius” and “Grad” were masculine according to earlier editions of DIN 1301-1. The present edition, however, gives these names as being n

47、euter to differentiate between the meaning of the word “Grad” as a unit, and that as a magnitude in the meaning of “Ausma” (see also DIN 5485), in which case “Grad” is masculine. This is permitted by the first volume of the authoritative text on German orthography, the Duden. NOTE 2 The German unit

48、names “Meter” and “Liter” were neuter according to earlier editions of DIN 1301-1. However, this has not been common usage for a long time. For many years now the first volume of the authoritative text on German orthography, the Duden, has given only secondary importance to the use of these terms in the neuter form. 9 Rules for writing unit symbols 9.1 If the unit name is derived from a prope