DIN 15002-1980 Lifting appliances Load carrying devices Vocabulary《起重机 承载装置 词汇》.pdf

1、UDC 621.86.06 : 001.4 DEUTSCHE NORM ADrill980 Lifting appliances Load carrying devices Vocabu iary I 15002 Hebezeuge; Lastaufnahmeeinrichtungen; Benennungen This standard applies to load carrying devices on lifting appliances. The terms and examples contained in this standard in respect of these loa

2、d carrying devices have been arranged in the sequence of the concepts “load suspending means“, “load carrying means“, “slinging means“ in accordance with DIN 15 003. Contents 1 Load suspending means and 2 1.1 Liftinghooks 1 2.1 1.2 Hook tackle and hook harness . 3 2.2 1.3 Lower blocks 4 2.3 1.4 Adhe

3、sion appliances 5 2.4 1.5 Clamps . 5 2.5 1.6 Claws 5 2.6 1.7 Tongs . 5 2.7 1.8 Baskets 8 1.9 Sling net (loading net) . 8 3 1.10 Pallet harness 9 3.1 1 .I 1 Container harness (spreader) . 1 O 3.2 1.12 Spreader beams 10 3.3 1.13 Suspensiongears . 12 3.4 Page load carrying means for piece goods 1 Page

4、Load carrying means for bulk goods and bulk materials 14 Grabs. 14 Buckets . 15 Charging boxes 16 Ladles 16 Ingot moulds 16 Crates 16 Platforms 16 Slinging means . 17 Chain slings . 17 Wire rope slings 18 Flat lifting slings . 19 Compensators . 20 No. I Term I Defini tion I Illustration 1 Load suspe

5、nding means and load carrying means for piece goods 1.1 I Lifting hooks 1 .I .I Forged lifting hooks and lifting eyes with shank Load carrying by suspending the load Lifting hooks fastened by means of a hook nut or similar fastener e.g. to a hook spreader beam of a lower block Single hook, see e.g.

6、DIN 15401 (a) Single hook with nose, see e.g. DIN 15401 (b) Single hook with safety catch across throat (c) Single hook with repellent spike (d) Ramshorn hook, see e.g. DIN 15 402 (e) Lifting eye (1) I b C d e f Continued on pages 2 to 20 le Sale rights of German Standards (DIN-Normen) are with Beut

7、h Verlag GmbH. Berlin 30 07.83 DIN 15 002 Engl. Price group I I Sales No. O1 11 Page 2 DIN 15002 No. 1.1.2 1.1.3 Term Forged lifting hooks with eye Forged and other types of lifting hooks Definition Lifting hooks attached by means of a pin, shackle or similar component, or designed for forging into

8、a chain Single eye hook (a) Single eye hook with nose (6) Single eye hook with safety catch across throat (c) Single eye hook with repellent spike (d) (also known as cargo hook), see DIN 82017 for example Ramshorn hook with eye (e) Lifting hooks fastened to a suspension gear or to a spreader beam or

9、 suspended as load carrying means in the load suspending means or casting-off means Cattle horns (a) Single claw (b) Double claw (c) C hook (d) Coil hook (e) S hook (f) Loop hook (9) Spring safety hook, see DIN 5299 for example (h) I Ilustration C d e II- b C d f h DIN 15002 Page 3 No. 1.1.4 1.2 1.2

10、.1 I .2.2 Term Laminated hooks Hook tackle md hook harness Hook tackle i ook harness Definition Lifting hooks consisting of several laminae held together by means of retaining shackles or the like, and normally exposed to severe heat, e.g. when transporting molten or incandescent masses. Laminated s

11、ingle hook, see DIN 15 407 for example (a) Laminated ramshorn hook (b) Laminated single claw (c) Laminated double claw (d) Examples of accessories: Retaining shackle (e) Suspension shackle (f) Suspension of a lifting hook in accordance with No. 1.1 .I or 1.1.2 Single leg suspension of a lifting hook

12、 with :hain and loading weight jingle leg suspension of a lifting hook with oading weight I Ilustration a b C d e f li;- -1- 8 $1 as intermediate link between the lifting hook and the load Multiline suspension of a load suspending means with lifting hook in accordance with No. 1.1.1 or with laminate

13、d hook in accord- ance with No. 1 .I .4. Other components in- clude: hook nut, thrust bearing, hook spreader beam, one or more sheaves, rope pulley hous- ing and rope pulley axle pin. The number of sheaves must be stated in the designation. Two-sheave lower block with single hook with safety catch (

14、a). If the lifting hook in the lower block is secured against swivelling, the term must be complemented by adding “with antiswivelling I oc k I. If the swivelling range of the lifting hook in the lower block is limited, the term must be complemented by adding “with security against slewing“. As a ge

15、neral rule, the slewing angle concerned is 90. If the hook spreader beam is secured against the swinging to and fro of the lifting hook in the lower block, the term must be comple- mented by adding “with security against osci Ilation“. If the lifting hook in the lower block is swivelled electromecha

16、nically, the term must be complemented by adding “with electro- mechanical swivelling drive“. Special construction types: Two-sheave long lower block with single hook with inside mounted sheaves, hook spreader beam located below the sheaves (b). Two-sheave short lower block with ramshorn hook, hook

17、spreader beam combined with axle pin c). I I lustration w b see for example DIN 15 190 Part3 1.11.2 Semi-automatic spreader 3 w See for example DIN 15 190 Par L 1.11.3 Manually attached spreaders See for example DIN 15 190 Part 3 b PL 1.12 Spreader beams 1.12.1.2 Hook spreader beam with slewing gear

18、 Spreader beam with single hook and electromechanical slewing drive I I? I Spreader beam with cattle horns and slings with rings I I II DIN 15002 Page 11 Term Claw spreader beam with tilting gear Casting spreader beam or mixing spreader beam Magnet spreader beam Magnet spreader beam with slewing gea

19、r Spreader beam with tongs Girder Carrying stirrup Definition Spreader beam with claws and rope pulleys for hoisting and tilting gear Spreader beam with laminated hook for the transport of molten masses No. 1.1 2.1.5 1.1 2.1.6 1.12.1.7 1.12.1.8 1.12.1.9 Chain spreader beam Spreader beam with adhesio

20、n appliances, e.g. lifting magnets Spreader beam with lifting magnets and electromechanical slewing drive Spreader beam with tongs, e.g. double lever tongs with rope pulleys for hoisting and control gear Spreader beam for the attachment of slinging means for example Spreader beam for skips or bucket

21、s Spreader beam with slings, e.g. spreader beam suspended on a two-leg sling, and load taken up on two-leg slings with hooks I Ilustration ? III tb ii. “ H T “ “6“ “ 5 Page 12 DIN 15002 Term Definition I Ilustration No. Hook spreader beam with single hooks Spreader beam with lifting hooks, e.g. sing

22、le hooks 3 1.12.2.4 1.12.2.5 Hook spreader beam with two eye hooks and one ramshorn hook Spreader beam with eye hooks and ramshorn hook 1.12.2.6 Clamp spreader beam Spreader beam with clamps 1.12.2.7 Claw spreader beam Spreader beam with claws Spreader beam with adhesion appliances, e.g. lifting mag

23、nets End faces of the spreader beam arranged for friction grip or positive locking connection with double lever tongs 1.12.2.8 Magnet spreader beam for tongs crane /-=-, II Suspension gears and pendants 1.13 Suspension gears as load suspending means for cranes 1.13.1 1.13.1.1 Magnet suspension gear

24、e.g. for a slab turning over crane al: 1.1 3.1.2 Tongs suspension gear e.g. with load suspending means tongs for a soaking pit crane (the illustration depicts a suspension gear equipped with a motor driven tongs closing mechanism, and an upper and lower guid spreader beam) Stripper crane Ingot mould

25、 transport crane Ingot transport crane Slab transport crane DIN 15002 Page 13 No. Term I Ilustration Definition Charging box tipping suspension gear for rharging box tilting crane 1.13.1.3 Charging box tip- ping suspension gear 1 .I 3.1.4 Charging box suspension gear with charging box stirrup closin

26、g gear For charging box transport crane 1.13.1.5 Slag pot tipping suspension gear For slag dump crane 1 .I 3.1.6 Bucket suspension gear for bucket trans- port crane suspension gear for the taking up and empty- ing of hinged buckets 1.13.1.7 Chain bucket Chain bucket suspension gear Bucket suspension

27、 gear on which the bucket is suspended on chain slings which have to be clung individually 1.13.1.8 Swivel I ing bucket suspension gear Bucket suspension gear which can be swivelled in the direction of the bucket, and on which the bucket is slung simultaneously at all points 1.13.1.9 Swivel I i ng s

28、elf - gripping bucket suspension gear Automatically operating bucket suspension gear I! II u 1.13.2 Suspension gears as load carrying means for suspending in the load suspending means of the crane 1.13.2.1 Loading tray Tray suspended on chain or rope slings for load carrying 9 / . a 1.13.2.2 C hook

29、pendant Pendant for carrying of ring shaped loads age 14 DIN 15002 No. 1.13.2.3 1.13.2.4 I. 13.2.5 1.13.2.6 Term Roll changing ;uspension gear Turning over suspension gear Bucket suspension gear Tongs suspension gear Definition For the changing of rolls in rolling mills Suspension gear for lifting a

30、nd turning over heavy forgings, with or without turning over chain drive With electromechanical bucket control gear for the opening and closing of the bucket Motor driven tongs for gripping ingots Motor driven tongs for gripping slabs Motor driven tongs for gripping coils Motor driven tongs for stri

31、pping 2 Load carrying means for bulk goods and bulk materiais 2.1 2.1.1 Grabs Clamshell bucket Automatically operating take-up appliances for the transport of bulk materials. Depending on the mode of suspension, a distinction is made between: Single-rope grabs, which are raised and lowered by a sing

32、le-drum winch. The grab motions are actuated by: the lifting rope, e.g. by the mode of operation (set-down control) or by additional elements (bell release, pawl release) a separate motor on the grab (motor grab) pneumatic actuation hydraulic actuation multirope grabs, actuated by a two drum winch.

33、Depending on the number of ropes, a distinc- tion is made between two-rope, three-rope and four-rope grabs I Ilustration Yh DIN 15002 Page 15 No. I Ilustration Term Trim grab Definition 2.1.2 Clamshell bucket with large grabbing width For seagoing vessels and Waggons (a) For inland navigation vessel

34、s and Waggons (b) 2.1.3 Logging tongs Clamshell bucket without side walls for the transport of stacked round timber swivelling non-swivelling Grapple 2.1.4 Grab, the receptacle space of which is formed by several shells Closed type with wide shells which enclose the receptacle space completely, for

35、the carry- ing of granular bulk goods Open type with narrow shells which do not shut off the receptacle space completely, for the carrying of bulky bulk goods 2.1.5 Well grab Grapple of extremely compact design for operation in well shafts I -I 2.1.6 Fork grab III Grab with forks for the transport o

36、f fibrous bulk goods 2.2 3ucket Device for the transportof bulk materials,which do not take the material up automatically Two-piece hinged bucket taken up by the crane by means of a bucket suspension gear 2.2.1 Hinged bucket II I, m 2.2.2 Tipping bucket Bucket which is tipped for emptying Page 16 DI

37、N 15002 Term Bottom discharge bucket Charging box Ladle Ingot moulds Crates Platforms Definition Bucket fitted with flaps, slides, round plug closure or the like at the bottom for emptying Bucket for concrete Charging box for charging scrap into the con- verters of oxygen steel plants, which is empt

38、ied by tilting in the direction of the longitudinal axis Charging box for charging scrap into the furnaces of open hearth steel plants, which is emptied by swivelling about its longitudinal axis Ladle for the transport of molten metal, illustrated here for example: Hot-metal ladle (a) Steel casting

39、ladle with bottom discharge (Stopper device, or slide closure) (b) Mould for the casting of ingots or slabs Crate for stonesa) Crate for concrete (b) I Ilustration A Q a b i/ , i II DIN 15002 Page 17 No. Term Definit ion I Ilustration 3 Slinging means 3.1 3.1 .I 3.1.2 3.1.3 3.1.4 3.1.5 Chain slings

40、Sling with rings Sling with hook and ring Sling with claw hook Endless sling Spreader sling Round steel slings for the slinging of loads Round steel sling with suspension elements at both ends, see DIN 695 and DIN 5688 Part 1 and Part 3 Single-leg sling with rings (a) Multileg sling with rings e.g.

41、two-leg sling with rinas (b) Round steel sling with suspension element and eye hook at the lower end, see DIN 695 and DIN 5688 Part 1 and Part 3 Single-leg sling with hook and ring (a) Multileg sling with hook and ring e.g. two-leg sling with hook and ring (6) Sling with claw hook into which the fre

42、e end of the chain is hooked Single-leg sling with claw hook (a) Multileg sling with claw hook, e.g. two-leg sling with claw hook (b) Single-leg sling with claw hook with slinging leg (c) Endless round steel sling with or without reeved or permanently inserted suspension element Single endless sling

43、 (a) Single endless sling with inserted suspension element (6) Multiple endless sling e.g. double endless sling with reeved suspension element (c) Round steel sling with suspension element and reeved hooks or claws adapted to the nature of the load Hook for cotton (a) Hook for lambs wool (b) Devils

44、claw for crates (c) Devils claw for lightweight casks (d) Hook for barrels (e) Hook for hay (fi Hook for cement (9) Pipe hook (h) Kips bale hook (i) Sling claw hook (k) Roller hook (1) a b C d e f k 1 Page 18 DIN 15002 No. 3.2 3.2.1 3.2.2 Term Wire rope slings Eye sling Endless sling Defini ti on Wi

45、re rope or fibre rope slings m.ade from vegetable or synthetic fibres, for the slinging of loads, see for example DIN 3088, DIN 83305 Part 1 Sling with eyes at both ends spliced (a) spliced, with thimbles (b) crimped (c) (for wire ropes) crimped, with thimbles (d) (for wire ropes) Endless sling Laid

46、 endless (a) (grommet) Spliced endless ( 6) (rope strop) Crimped endless (cl (for wire ropes) I Ilustration a b C d a b C DIN 15 002 Page 19 No. 3.2.3 3.2.4 3.3 Term Rope hanger Claw hook harness Flat lifting sling Definition Sling with end pieces (eye hooks, spring safety hooks, suspension elements

47、 etc.) single-leg (a) two-leg (b) multileg (c) Rope strop, tied through a spreader sling with claws Textile belt for the hoisting of loads; see for example DIN 61 360 Part 1 and Part 2 Endless flat lifting sling (a) Flat lifting sling with end loops (eyes) (b Flat lifting sling with metal end fittin

48、gs (c) I Ilustration a I C a u b Page 20 DIN 15002 I No. I Term 1.1 Compensator Definition Load carrying means for two-leg load suspen- sion, on which the position of the material conveyed and/or the distribution of the load on the two legs of the load suspending means can be adjusted or corrected.

49、Compensator with rope (a) Compensator with chain (b) . I Ilustration A Further standards DIN 15001 Part 1 DIN 15 001 Part 2 DIN 15 100 DIN 30785 Cranes; vocabulary, classification according to type Cranes; vocabulary, classification according to application Series produced lifting appliances; vocabulary Slinging in the operation of lifting appliances; kinds of slinging and terms Amendments (other than editorial) compared with DIN 15002, June 1974 edition Clause 3 “Slinging means“ has been revised and brought up to date, taking into account DIN 3088