DIN 1910-3-1977 Welding Welding of Plastics Processes《焊接；塑料的焊接、工艺》.pdf

1、i z m o c c z m s e .- - o E z L c c 2 .- - c a a o z a o c o c P W o S E a E E .- i 2 E L J C m a 00 a S a J L E 6 z Welding DIN 1910 Welding of Plastics Processes Part 3 Schweien; Schweien von Kunststoffen, Verfahren This Standard has been prepared in co-operation with the Deutscher Verband fr Sch

2、weisstechnik (D VS) (German Welding Association). According to the definitions in DIN 79 70 Part 1 Welding; definitions, classification of welding processes“, processes for welding plastics are pressure welding processes with addition of heat and/or production of heat. Foreign terms do not form part

3、 of this Standard; no responsibility can be accepted as to their accuracy. The diagramatic examples are intended to explain the welding processes. In some cases, the initial form and the final form of the workpiece is shown in one diagram. The following symbols have the meanings given: Direction of

4、pressure a Direction of movement of tool 4 Direction of movement of workpiece t Contents Page Heated tool welding . 1 Hot gas welding 5 Light beam welding . 6 Ultrasonic welding 6 Friction welding. . 7 HF welding . 7 Diagram showing classification of processes of joining plastics by welding, with th

5、e classification numbers 8 List of welding processes in German, English and French; symbols and classification numbers . 9 1 Heated tool welding The workpieces are heated at the joint faces by one or more heating elements and welded with application of pressure with or without filler metal. The pres

6、sure is applied manually, mechanically or by means of an interference fit resp. as a result of thermal expansion of the workpieces. According to the position of the heating element in relation to the joint faces, a distinction is made between direct contact and indirect heated tool welding. 1 .I Dir

7、ect contact heated tool welding The joint is heated by the heating element by means of thermal conduction or thermal radiation. The heating element is placed on the joint face side of the workpieces. 1.1.1 Heated plate welding The active surfaces of the heating element are parallel. The pressure is

8、applied manually or mechanically (see Fig. 1). Heating element Active surface Weld Figure 1. Heated plate welding Continued on pages 2 to 10 Explanations on page 11 Alleinverkauf der Normen durch Beuth Verlag GmbH. Berlin 30 und Kln 1 DIN 1970 Teil 3 engl. Preisgr. 8 Vertr.-Nr. O108 01.89 Page 2 DIN

9、 1910 Part 3 1.1.2 Heated tool groove welding The workpieces are heated at the joint faces by heating elements; when this is done, a groove-shaped impression is usually produced in one workpiece. The pressure is applied manually or mechanically (see Fig. 2). Active surface a Heating element Workpiec

10、e Wild Heat i ng Indentation under heat Welding Figure 2. Heated tool groove welding 1 .I .3 Welding by bending using a heated tool A groove is impressed in the workpiece under heat by a wedge-shaped heating element and the workpiece bent about the line of the groove. The pressure is applied manuall

11、y or mechanically (see Fig. 3). i Heating element Active surface Workpiece Weld Indentation under heat Bending + welding Figure 3. Welding by bending using a heated tool 1.1.4 Sleeve welding with spigot and sleeve The workpieces are heated at the joint faces with a heated mandrel resp. heated socket

12、 and then driven together. The pressure is applied to the workpieces by an interference fit (see Fig. 4). Heating element Active surface Cit - / Workpiece (tubel Driving together I Workpiece n sleeve fitting) Driving together V Weld / Workpiece Welding Figure 4. Sleeve welding with spigot and sleeve

13、 DIN 1910 Part 3 Page 3 1.1.5 Sleeve welding with incorporated electric heating element The workpieces are heated at the joint faces by a helical heating element which remains in the weldment. The pressure is produced by thermal expansion of the workpieces (see Fig. 5) or is applied externally (see

14、Fig. 6). e Workpiece (tube) Po wer Driving together Helical heating element Welding Figure 5. Sleeve welding with incorporated electric heating element . Workpiece Weld Helical heating element Figure 6. Sleeve welding with incorporated electric heating element 1 .I .6 Heated wedge welding The heatin

15、g element is drawn between the joint faces of the overlapping workpieces. The pressure is applied manually or mechanically (see Fig. 7). a TransDort and r pr7ssure rolls Heated wedqe Active surface Workpiece I Figure 7. Heated wedge welding 1.1.7 Heated tool welding with cutting edge The workpieces

16、lying one on top of the other are separated with a wire, strip or knife-shaped heating element, as a result of which the workpieces are joined at the cut edges. The pressure is applied mechanically (see Fig. 8). a Active surface Heating element Active surface Figure 8. Heated tool welding with cutti

17、ng edge Page 4 DIN 1910 Part 3 1.2 indirect heat welding Heating takes place through the workpieces. The heating element is placed on the side of the workpiece opposite the joint face. 1.2.1 Impulse sealing The heating element is electrically heated only during the heating period. The pressure is ap

18、plied manually or mechani- cally; it is maintained also during cooling of the welded workpiece (see Fig. 9). n Elastic thermal Active surface Separating film Elastic thermal insulation Figure 9. Impulse sealing 1.2.2 Heat sealing The heating element is continuously heated. The pressure is applied ma

19、nually or mechanically; it is exerted only during heating up. The pressure is maintained during cooling by the support strips (see Fig. IO). Heating element n Separating and support strip Weld Active surface Heating element Figure 1 O. Heat sealing 1.2.3 Band weld sealing The workpieces are passed b

20、etween roller driven belts (belt-conveyors) across continuously heated heating elements. The pressure is applied mechanically via the belt-conveyors (see Fig. 11). Heating element Active surface Cooling Roller driven belt / Workpiece o Weid Heating element Active surface Cooling Roller driven belt F

21、igure 11. Band weld sealing DIN 1910 Part 3 Page 5 2 Hot gas welding The workpieces are heated at the joint faces by hot gas and welded with application of pressure, with or without filler material. The pressure is applied manually or mechanically. 2.1 Hot gas welding with torch separate from filler

22、 rod The welding nozzle is drawn with a fanning action between the workpieces and the filler material. The pressure is applied via the filler material (see Fig. 12). a Welder Workpiece Figure 12. Hot gas welding with torch separate from filler rod 2.2 Hot gas stringhead welding The filler material i

23、s passed through the welder and preheated. The pressure is applied via the welder or a tool (see Fig. 13). Welder Workpiece Hot gas Figure 13. Hot gas string-bead welding 2.3 Hot gas overlap welding The welding nozzle is passed between the joint faces of the overlapping workpieces. Filler material i

24、s not used. The pressure is applied manually or via a tool (see Fig. 14). Welder (with flat nozzle) Workpiece Hot QS Weld Figure 14. Hot gas overlap welding Page 6 DIN 1910 Part 3 2.4 Hot gas welding by extrusion of filler material The filler material is applied from an extruder into the groove, the

25、 latter having been heated by hot gas. The pressure is applied via the welding shoe or another tool (see Fig. 15). 3/ Feed-in of filler material (from extruder) Welder Hot gas Workpiece Figure 15. Hot gas welding by extrusion of filler material 3 Light beam welding The workpieces are heated at the j

26、oint faces by a non-coherent beam of radiation of a frequency band, and welded with application of pressure, with or without filler material. The pressure is applied manually or mechanically. 3.1 Light beam welding by extrusion of filler material The filler material is extruded in plastic form from

27、a heating chamber into the groove, the latter having been heated by light beams. The pressure is applied via the welding shoe or another tool (see Fig. 16). (from extruder) Welding Figure 16. Light beam welding by extrusion of filler material 4 Ultrasonic welding The workpieces are heated at the joi

28、nt faces preferably without filler material by the action of ultrasonic vibration and welded with application of pressure. The pressure is applied manually or mechanically. The direction of the pressure and of the vibration is normally perpendicular to the joint faces (see Fig. 17). n V Figure 17. U

29、ltrasonic welding DIN 1910 Part 3 Page 7 5 Friction welding The workpieces are heated by friction at the joint faces and welded with application of pressure preferably without filler material. The heat can be generated by movement of the workpieces relative to each other (see Fig. 181 or by a fricti

30、on element (see Fig. 19). The pressure is applied manually or mechanically. Filler material can be used in place of one workpiece. Workpiece Weld Figure 18. Friction welding , Chuck jaws / Chuck jaws Weld Figure 19. Friction welding with friction element 6 HF welding The workpieces are heated at the

31、 joint faces between the electrodes applied to them in a high frequency alternating electric field and are welded, with application of pressure, with or without filler material. The pressure is applied mechani- cally (see Fig. 20). a m High frequency power supply Electrode Workpiece Electrode Weld F

32、igure 20. HF welding Page 8 DIN 1910 Part 3 I 4- gJ.5 Hot gas string bead welding Hot gas welding by ex- Hot gas overlap welding 4.6.1.3.28 4.6.1.3.26 Hot gas welding with torch I separate frmn fillei rod I Band weld 4.6.1.1.44 Heat sealing I I II 1 Impulse sealing I Heated tool weld- 4.6.1.1.28 H H

33、eatedwedgewelding I Sleeve welding with incorporated heated tool Heated tool Sleeve welding with I II 4.6.1.1.16 I Welding by bending using a heated tool groove welding Heated plate DIN 1910 Part 3 Page 9 - $ : c e - m I I l I I - I I C a3 c“ s 3 .c C al - E N .- I Y 2 .- U C - n I- r c n F - h! e P

34、age 10 DIN 1910 Part 3 O (4 c 2 I I K I U 3 N 3 3 W B W -J (r U LL I 3 o .s P f al ii 8 c C al *! Q 2 5 8 Y - Y c In .- In c X r L! r O c al al r *! 3 Q Y 2 o, E s O :m C W W c -c s 3 P E - li c O x c! N t N N m DIN 1910 Part 3 Page 11 Explanations Revision of DIN 1910 Part 3 had become necessary be

35、cause there are numerous welding processes in practical use, the terms for which have not yet been established or not standardized. The representation has been harmonized with DIN 1910 Part 2 “Welding; welding of metals, processes“. For each process, a highly simplified sketch of the principle has b

36、een given as an example, to facilitate understanding of the method. Classi- fication of processes according to the energy transfer media used for welding has been adopted - in agreement with the Committee on “Definitions for production processes“ - with the object of developing a largely standard sy

37、stem of classification and hence also (up to a certain level) of standard classification numbers, for all production proces- ses. The significance of the individual processes in practical use has not been taken into account. DIN 8580 “Production processes, classification“ and its successor parts have been used as a basis for the terms. The Standard is supplemented by a diagram showing the classification of welding processes and also a list of welding processes in German, English and French. In addition, symbols and classification numbers have been stipu- lated for the welding processes.