1、December 2010 Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 14No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).I
2、CS 93.020; !$tj“1817197www.din.deDDIN 4020Geotechnical investigations for civil engineering purposes Supplementary rules to DIN EN 1997-2,English translation of DIN 4020:2010-12Geotechnische Untersuchungen fr bautechnische Zwecke Ergnzende Regelungen zu DIN EN 1997-2,Englische bersetzung von DIN 402
3、0:2010-12Reconnaissance gotechnique pour usages techniques de la construction Rgles supplmentaires DIN EN 1997-2,Traduction anglaise de DIN 4020:2010-12Together with DIN EN1997-2:2010-10 andDIN EN 1997-2/NA:2010-12supersedesDIN 4020:2003-09www.beuth.deDocument comprises 30 pagesIn case of doubt, the
4、 German-language original shall be considered authoritative.91.010.3011.13 DIN 4020:2010-12 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. Contents Page Foreword 4 1 General 5 Re 1.1.2 Scope of EN 1997-2 5 Re 1.2 Normative references .5 Re 1.4 Distinction between Principles and Application rules .6 Re 1.5
5、 Definitions .6 Re 1.5.3 Specific definitions used in EN 1997-2 6 Re 1.8 Symbols and units .7 A 1.9 Supplementary quantities and symbols.7 Re 2 Planning of ground investigations .8 Re 2.1.1 General 8 Re 2.1.2 Ground .8 Re 2.1.4 Ground water 8 Re 2.2 Sequence of ground investigations .8 A 2.2.1 Requi
6、rements .8 A 2.2.2 Geotechnical categories 8 A 2.2.3 Scope of investigations .9 Re 2.4 Design investigations 9 A 2.6 Controlling and monitoring 10 Re 3 Soil and rock sampling and ground water measurements . 10 Re 3.4.2 Soil identification 10 Re 4 Field tests in soil and rock . 10 Re 4.1 General . 10
7、 Re 4.2 General requirements . 11 Re 4.2.2 Execution 11 Re 4.3 Cone penetration and piezocone penetration tests (CPT, CPTU) 11 Re 4.4 Pressuremeter tests (PMT) . 11 Re 4.6 Standard Penetration Test (SPT) . 12 Re 4.6.1 Objectives 12 A 4.12 Borehole jack test (BJT) . 12 A 4.13 Borehole dynamic probing
8、 (BDP) 12 Re 5 Laboratory tests on soil and rock . 13 Re 5.5.3 Water content determination 13 Re 5.5.4 Bulk density determination 13 Re 5.5.5 Particle density determination . 13 Re 5.5.6 Particle size analysis 13 Re 5.5.7 Consistency limits determination 13 Re 5.5.8 Determination of the density inde
9、x of granular soil 13 Re 5.6 Chemical testing of soil and ground water . 14 Re 5.6.2 Organic content determination 14 Re 5.6.3 Carbonate content determination 14 Re 5.6.4 Sulfate content determination 14 Re 5.6.5 pH value determination (acidity and alkalinity) 14 Re 5.6.6 Chloride content determinat
10、ion . 14 Re 5.8 Strength testing of soil . 14 Re 5.8.4 Unconfined compression test 14 Re 5.8.5 Unconsolidated, undrained triaxial compression test 14 Re 5.8.6 Consolidated triaxial compression test 15 Re 5.8.7 Consolidated direct shear box tests . 15 Re 5.9 Compressibility and deformation testing of
11、 soil 15 DIN 4020:2010-12 3 Page Re 5.9.2 Oedometer compressibility testing 15 Re 5.10 Compaction testing of soil 15 Re 5.10.2 Compaction tests . 15 Re 5.11 Permeability testing of soil . 15 Re 5.11.2 Requirements . 15 Re 6 Ground investigation report . 15 Re 6.2 Presentation of geotechnical informa
12、tion . 15 Re 6.3 Evaluation of geotechnical information 16 A 7 Geotechnical report . 16 A 7.1 Scope 16 A 7.2 Form and content . 17 A 7.3 Evaluation of results 17 A 7.3.1 Geometrical data 17 A 7.3.2 Characteristic values for soil parameters . 17 A 7.3.3 Characteristic values for rock parameters 18 A
13、7.3.4 Characteristic values for ground water . 18 Annex B (informative) Planning of geotechnical investigations 19 Re B.1 Stages of ground investigations in geotechnical design, execution of works and exploitation of the structure 19 Re B.3 Examples of recommendations for the spacing and depth of in
14、vestigations . 19 Annex D (informative) Cone and piezocone penetration tests 20 Re D.1 Example for deriving values of the effective angle of shearing resistance and drained Youngs modulus. 20 A D.8 Examples showing the relationship between cone penetration resistance qcof the penetrometer (CPT) and
15、the degree of compactness/density index for various coarse-grained soils . 21 A Annex AA (informative) Criteria for and examples of classification into geotechnical categories 23 A Bibliography 29 DIN 4020:2010-12 4 Foreword This document has been prepared by Working Committee NA 005-05-06 AA Unters
16、uchungen von Boden und Fels of the Normenausschuss Bauwesen (Building and Civil Engineering Standards Committee) to supplement DIN EN 1997-2:2010-10, Eurocode 7: Geotechnical design Part 2: Ground investigation and testing. The revision of DIN 4020:2003-09, Geotechnical investigations for civil engi
17、neering purposes was prompted by the publication of European Standard EN 1997-2, which was adopted as a national standard, DIN EN 1997-2:2010-10 and which partly incorporates the specifications of DIN 4020:2003-09. For this reason, DIN 4020 had to be revised (to preclude duplicate specifications). T
18、he numbering of clauses in the document has been adopted from DIN EN 1997-2:2010-10, identifying any rules supplementary to DIN EN 1997-2:2010-10 by the letter “A” placed before the clause number. Where there is more than one supplementary provision relating to a clause, the number of the clause is
19、given followed by a serial letter (e.g. A (2b). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights without these having been identified here. DIN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Amendments
20、This standard differs from DIN 4020:2003-09 as follows: a) the title has been modified; b) the numbering of clauses has been adopted from DIN EN 1997-2; c) all specifications now covered in DIN EN 1997-2 have been dropped; d) definitions of geotechnical categories have been dropped; e) the concept o
21、f “geotechnical specialist” has been introduced; f) the requirements regarding the geotechnical report have been modified. Previous editions DIN 4020: 1953-07, 1990-10, 2003-09 DIN 4020:2010-12 5 1 General Re 1.1.2 Scope of EN 1997-2 A (1) DIN 4020 is a national addendum supplementing the European s
22、pecifications given in DIN EN 1997-2. It is therefore to be used only in conjunction with DIN EN 1997-2 and its National Annex, DIN EN 1997-2/NA. A (6) DIN EN 1997-2 und DIN 4020 are intended to provide knowledge on the structure, condition and properties of the ground on site already at the design
23、stage and prior to making invitations to tender. A (7) Safety analyses as in DIN EN 1997-1, DIN EN 1997-1/NA and DIN 1054 are based on geotechnical investigations and testing as specified in DIN EN 1997-2, DIN EN 1997-2/NA and DIN 4020. Re 1.2 Normative references A (1) The following national German
24、 provisions are also referred to. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. DIN 1054, Subsoil Verification of the safety of earthworks and foundations Supplementary rules to DIN EN 1
25、997-1 DIN 4023, Geotechnical investigation and testing Graphical representation of logs of boreholes, trial pits, shafts and adits DIN 4030-1, Assessment of water, soil and gases for their aggressiveness to concrete Part 1: Principles and limiting values DIN 4030-2, Assessment of water, soil and gas
26、es for their aggressiveness to concrete Part 2: Sampling and analysis of water and soil samples DIN 4094-2, Subsoil Field testing Part 2: Borehole dynamic probing DIN 4094-5, Subsoil Field testing Part 5: Borehole deformation tests DIN 4124, Excavations and trenches Slopes, planking and strutting, b
27、readths of working spaces DIN 4149, Buildings in German earthquake areas Design loads, analysis and structural design of buildings DIN 18122-1, Subsoil Soil testing Consistency limits Part 1: Determination of liquid limit and plastic limit DIN 18123, Subsoil Soil testing Determination of the particl
28、e size distribution DIN 18124, Soil, investigation and testing Determination of density of solid particles Capillary pyknometer, wide mouth pycnometer DIN 18126, Soil, investigation and testing Determination of density of non-cohetsive soils for maximum and minimum compactness DIN 18127, Subsoil Soi
29、l testing Proctor test DIN 18128, Soil Investigation and testing Determination of ignition loss DIN 18129, Soil Investigation and testing Determination of lime content DIN 18130-1, Soil Investigation and testing Determination of the coefficient of water permeability Part 1: Laboratory tests DIN 4020
30、2010-12 6 DIN 18135, Soil Investigation and testing Oedometer consolidation test DIN 18136, Soil Investigation and testing Unconfined compression test DIN 18137-2, Soil, testing procedures and testing equipment Determination of shear strength Triaxial test DIN 18137-3, Soil, investigation and testi
31、ng Determination of shear strength Part 3: Direct shear test DIN 18300, German construction contract procedures (VOB) Part C: General technical specifications in construction contracts (ATV) Earthwork DIN 50929-1, Corrosion of metals Probability of corrosion of metallic materials when subject to cor
32、rosion from the outside Part 1: General DIN 50929-3, Corrosion of metals Probability of corrosion of metallic materials when subject to corrosion from the outside Part 3: Buried and underwater pipelines and structural components DIN EN 1997-1/NA, National Annex Nationally determined parameters Euroc
33、ode 7: Geotechnical design Part 1: General rules DIN EN 1997-2/NA, National Annex Nationally determined parameters Eurocode 7: Geotechnical design Part 2: Ground investigation and testing E DIN EN ISO 22282 (all Parts), Geotechnical investigation and testing Geohydraulic testing DIN EN ISO 22476-7,
34、Geotechnical investigation and testing Field testing Part 7: Borehole jack test Re 1.4 Distinction between Principles and Application rules A (5) The national supplementary rules included in DIN 4020 are application rules within the meaning of 1.4 (5). A (6) The national supplementary rules given in
35、 DIN 4020 are numbered as in EN 1997-2 and are identified by the letter A preceding the clause number. Re 1.5 Definitions Re 1.5.3 Specific definitions used in EN 1997-2 A 1.5.3.16 geotechnical categories (GK) categories to which civil engineering measures and procedures are assigned on the basis of
36、 the degree of complexity of the structure and ground conditions, and the interaction between these and the environmental conditions DIN 1054:2010-12, A 1.5.3.1 A 1.5.3.17 geotechnical risk unavoidable, inherent, residual risk involved in civil engineering work on a particular site which may give ri
37、se to unpredictable effects or problems (e.g. structural damage or construction delays), even though the party providing the ground has fully met its obligation of prior investigation, testing and describing the ground and ground water conditions according to the rules of the art and despite the con
38、tractor having met his own responsibility in respect of prior testing and notification DIN 4020:2010-12 7 A 1.5.3.18 geotechnical investigations necessary chemical and environmental investigations and investigations in engineering geology, hydrogeology, geophysics and soil and rock mechanics in orde
39、r to describe and assess soil and rock for civil engineering purposes A 1.5.3.19 survey recording of geotechnical information (e.g. from topographic maps and documents, site inspections and exploratory work) A 1.5.3.20 exploration exploratory work methods and techniques used to obtain information on
40、 the type, structure and extent of soil and rock formations, and the ground water conditions A 1.5.3.21 direct exploration direct exploratory work exploratory work done at natural or man-made exploration points which enables the ground to be visually examined and soil or rock to be sampled A 1.5.3.2
41、2 indirect exploration indirect explatory work exploratory work involving, for instance, geophysical methods or probings, used to determine the physical properties of soil and rock which, when correlated with geotechnical parameters, allow conclusions to be drawn regarding the ground conditions A 1.
42、5.3.23 key boreholes boreholes made for the purposes of evaluating and interpreting the results of indirect exploration A 1.5.3.24 geotechnical specialist person with thorough knowledge and experience in geotechnics NOTE A1 The geotechnical specialist is the person to be consulted as stipulated by t
43、he building regulations of the German Lnder if the designer has not adequate knowledge and experience in geotechnics. Re 1.8 Symbols and units A 1.9 Supplementary quantities and symbols Latin letters EBJTmodulus in borehole jack test N30number of blows in borehole dynamic probing test Abbreviations
44、BDP borehole dynamic probing BJT borehole jack test DIN 4020:2010-12 8 Re 2 Planning of ground investigations Re 2.1.1 General A (2a) The results of exploratory work carried out on soil and rock shall be regarded as being valid only for particular sites where samples were taken. They only show the l
45、ikely characteristics of the ground between the sampling points. Therefore, a certain residual geotechnical risk will always be involved. A (2b) The results of geotechnical investigations shall produce the required characteristic values for site or soil parameters and enable safety analyses as in DI
46、N EN 1997-1, DIN EN 1997-1/NA and DIN 1054 to be made. Re 2.1.2 Ground A (3) Further aspects to be considered are: seismic action and other dynamic effects; effects on the structure or ground other than specified above (e.g. due to mining operations, ground subsidence, leaching, soil creep). Re 2.1.
47、4 Ground water A (2) Ground water investigations should further provide, when appropriate, information on: flow direction and velocity. Re 2.2 Sequence of ground investigations A NOTE re 2.2 DIN EN 1997-2:2010-10, 2.2 (1)P to (4) shall be incorporated in Clause A 2.2.1 below. A 2.2.1 Requirements A
48、5) Before starting exploratory work, the site shall be checked for any explosives or buried pipework or cables. A (6) If it is likely that valuable archeological artefacts will be encountered, the responsible authorities are to be contacted. A 2.2.2 Geotechnical categories A (1) Preliminary classif
49、ication of a structure according to geotechnical category shall be performed prior to the geotechnical investigations, the category being checked and changed (where necessary) as the construction process proceeds (see DIN EN 1997-1:2009-09, 2.1 (11). A (2) Any specifications regarding geotechnical categories in DIN EN 1997-1 and DIN 1054:2010-12, A
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