1、DEUTSCHE NORM Mav 1998 Fire behaviour of building materials and elements Part 1 : Classification of building materials Requirements and testing DIN - 41 02 -1 ICs 13.220.50; 91.1 00.01 Supersedes May 1981 edition. Descriptors: Fire behaviour, building materials, components, elements, classification.
2、 Brandverhalten von Baustoffen und Bauteilen - Teil 1 : Baustoffe - Begriffe, Anforderungen und Prfungen In keeping with current practice in standards published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), a comma has been used throughout as the decimal marker. Contents Foreword . Pa
3、ge 2 1 Scope . 2 2 Normative references . 2 3 Building material classes 3 4 Classifying building materials 3 4.1 Materials requiring testing . 3 4.2 Materials not requiring testing . 3 5 Class A building materials . 3 5.1 Class Al materials 5.1.1 General requirements 5.1.2 Criteria for classifi 5.1.
4、3 Furnace test . 4 5.1.4 Evaluation of furnace test results 6 5.1.5 Test certificate 7 5.2 Class A2 materials 7 5.2.1 General requirements . 7 5.2.2 Criteria for classification . 7 5.2.3 Testing . 8 5.2.4 Additional requirements for specific materials 8 5.2.5 Test certificate . 10 Page 6 Class B bui
5、lding materials 6.1 Class B1 materials 6.1.1 General requirements . 1 O 6.1.2 Criteria for classification . 11 6.1.4 Test certificate . 11 6.2 Class B2 materials . 12 6.2.1 General requirements . 12 6.2.2 Criteria for classification . 12 6.2.4 Ignitibility test: Apparatus 13 6.2.5 Ignitibility test:
6、 Procedure 13 6.2.6 Test for molten dri . 13 6.2.7 Test certificate 13 6.3 Class B3 materials 16 7 Marking . 17 Appendix A: Smoke generation test - Decomposition method . 17 Appendix B: Smoke generation test - Flame impingement method . 23 Appendix C: Smoke toxicity testing of class A materials 30 E
7、xplanatory notes . 33 6.1.3 Testing 11 6.2.3 Ignitibility test: Specimens 12 Continued on pages 2 to 33. Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst. In case of doubt, the German-language original should be consulted as the authoritative text. No pari of this translation may be reproduced without the prior pe
8、rmission of Ref. No. DIN 4102-1 : 1998-0 V Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. uth Verlag GmbH, D-10772 Berlin, hac the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen). English price group 13 Sales No . . O113 06.99 COPYRIGHT DIN DEUTSCHES Institut Fur Normung E.V.- EnglishLicense
9、d by Information Handling ServicesPage 2 DIN 41 02-1 : 1998-05 Foreword This standard has been prepared by Technical Committee Brandverhalten von Baustoffen of the Normen- ausschu Bauwesen (Building and Civil Engineering Standards Committee). Amendments The following amendments have been made to the
10、 May 1981 edition. a) Additional requirements are specified for material classes A2 and B1. b) Smoke generation tests and toxicity tests are now included. c) The fire test using the Brandschacht apparatus is no longer included as it is now specified in DIN 41 02-1 6. Previous editions DIN 41 02-1 :
11、1977-09, 1981 -05. Dimensions in mm 1 Scope 1 .I This standard defines fire behaviour classes for building materials and specifies requirements and test methods for each class. It applies to sheet materials (including plates and slabs), composite materials, material assemblies, coverings, insulation
12、, coatings, pipes and fittings, decorative materials, curtains and other mate- rials suspended from ceilings, fire retardants, and intumescent coatings, whether or not these materials are designated as construction products (Bauprodukte) in the German Lander building regulations (cf. Explana- tory n
13、otes). 1.2 The classification specified in this standard serves to assess the fire behaviour of materials alone or in combination. Fire behaviour not only depends on the nature of the material, but also on its shape, surface characteristics, density, processing, and its combination with other materi
14、als, including any bonding agents or fasteners used. These factors are to be taken into account when preparing tests, selecting specimens, evalu- ating test results and marking the materials. 2 Normative references This standard incorporates, by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publ
15、ications. These norma- tive references are cited at the appropriate place in the text and the titles of the publications are listed below. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this standard only when incorporated into it by amendment or re
16、vision. For undated references, the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. DIN 41 02-2 DIN 41 02-4 DIN 41 02-8 DIN 41 02-1 4 DIN 41 02-1 5 DIN 41 02-1 6 DIN 18180 DIN 5001 4 DIN 50050-1 DIN 50051 DIN 50055 DIN 51 622 DIN 51 900-2 DIN 51 900-3 DIN 53436-1 DIN 53436-2 Fire behaviour of
17、 building materials and elements - Building components - Concepts, require- ments and tests Fire behaviour of building materials and elements - Overview and design of classified building materials, elements and components Fire behaviour of building materials and elements - Small-scale test furnace F
18、ire behaviour of building materials and elements - Determination of the burning behaviour of floor covering systems using a radiant heat source Fire behaviour of building materials and elements - Brandschacht apparatus Fire behaviour of building materials and elements - Brandschacht tests Gypsum pla
19、sterboard - Types, requirements and testing Artificial climates in technical applications - Standard atmospheres Small cabinets for testing the burning behaviour of materials Burners for testing the burning behaviour of materials Light measuring system for testing smoke development Propane, propene,
20、 butane, butene and their mixtures - Requirements Determination of gross calorific value of solid and liquid fuels using the bomb calorimeter, and calculation of calorific value - Method using the isothermal jacket Determination of gross calorific value of solid and liquid fuels using the bomb calor
21、imeter, and calculation of calorific value - Method using the adiabatic jacket Toxicity testing of fire effluents - Combustion apparatus and determination of test temperature Toxicity testing of fire effluents - Thermal decomposition method COPYRIGHT DIN DEUTSCHES Institut Fur Normung E.V.- EnglishL
22、icensed by Information Handling ServicesPage 3 DIN 41 02-1 : 1998-05 Building material class A Al A2 B B1 B2 B3 DIN 53436-3 DIN 53438-1 DIN 66081 IS0 1716: 1973 IS0 4783-2 : 1989 Designation*) Non-combustible materials (nichtbrennbar) Combustible materials (brennbar) Not easily flammable (schwerentf
23、lammbar) Flammable (normalentflammbar) Easily flammable (leichtentflammbar) Toxicity testing of fire effluents - Method of testing inhalation toxicity Determining the response of combustible materials to ignition by a small flame - General Classification of the burning behaviour of textile products
24、- Textile floor coverings Building materials - Determination of calorific potential Industrial wire screens and woven wire cloth - Guide to the choice of aperture size and wire diameter combinations - Part 2: Preferred combinations for woven wire cloth 3 Building material classes Building materials
25、shall be classed according to their fire behaviour as shown in table 1 Table 1 : Building material classes 4 Classifying building materials 4.1 Materials requiring testing The class of most building materials shall be determined on the basis of the fire tests specified in this standard. Materials wh
26、ich are designated as building products in the German Lander building regulations and which meet the general requirements of this standard for the relevant class still require additional proof I) when - the results of testing as in this standard are not alone sufficient for classification (cf. subcl
27、auses 5.1.2.1, 5.2.2.1 and 6.1.2.1), or - additional testing using other methods is required for classification. 4.2 Materials not requiring testing The building materials covered by DIN 41 02-4 shall be classed as specified therein without further testing. 5 Class A building materials 5.1 Class AI
28、materials 5.1.1 General requirements The test specified in subclause 5.1.3 provides a fire model describing the growth and full development phases of a fire. During these phases, class Al materials shall not release any ignitable gases or any considerable amount of heat. 5.1.2 Criteria for classific
29、ation 5.1.2.1 - pass the test specified in subclause 5.1.3 and - meet the requirements for class A2 materials (testing is not necessary here if it is evident beyond any doubt that these requirements are fulfilled). Materials may be classed as Al materials if they I) According to German building regu
30、lations, such materials either require general approval by the building inspectorate in the form of an agrment, or their suitability is to be verified on a case-by-case basis. COPYRIGHT DIN DEUTSCHES Institut Fur Normung E.V.- EnglishLicensed by Information Handling ServicesPage 4 DIN 41 02-1 : 1998
31、-05 The tests specified in this standard are not sufficient for assessing materials which are to meet additional requirements regarding the release of toxic gases; additional testing is required in this case.2) 5.1.2.2 The test specified in subclause 5.1.3 shall be deemed passed if - no flaming occu
32、rs (cf. subclause 5.1.4); - none of the specimens releases enough heat to cause the temperature in the furnace to rise by more than 50 “C above the initial temperature. 5.1.3 Furnace test 5.1.3.1 Five 40 mm x 40 mm x 50 mm specimens shall be tested (see figure 2 for tolerances). The specimens shall
33、be representative of the material. Specimens of materials delivered with a thickness less than 40 mm shall consist of several layers; in this case, each layer shall be cut to a length of 40 mm and a height of 50 mm, and thinned down, if necessary, so that the total thickness is 40 mm. The thickness
34、of compressible materials shall be that obtained under a load of 0,l kN/m2 per unit area. For materials containing varying quantities of combustible components (e.g. binders), the component with the highest combustibility shall be tested. For components with a lower combustibility, it is sufficient
35、to determine their quantity only (e.g. by checking ignition loss). Number and size of specimens 5.1.3.2 Coated materials Coatings applied at the works are to be tested along with the coated material. If both the material and its coating are to meet the requirements for class Al, the coating thicknes
36、s on test specimens shall be as in service. 1 015 1 1 Pilot flame 2 3 Heating coils 4 Aluminium oxide powder 5 Specimen 6 Thermocouple 7 Mid-height plane of refractory tube Nine holes (of 3 mm diameter) Figure 1 : Electric furnace 2, Appendix C specifies a toxicity test but not any requirements. COP
37、YRIGHT DIN DEUTSCHES Institut Fur Normung E.V.- EnglishLicensed by Information Handling ServicesPage 5 DIN 41 02-1 : 1998-05 5.1.3.3 Specimen preparation Dry specimens at 105 “C for six hours and store them in a desiccator above anhydrous calcium chloride or silica gel until they are required for te
38、sting. For multi-layer specimens, place the least favourable surfaces in terms of fire behaviour facing outward, as shown in figure 2. Then, tie the specimen with a temperature-resistant wire (e.g. of NiCr) having a 0,2 mm diameter, binding the specimen in the middle so that the layers are held firm
39、ly together. Cut surfaces are not to face outwards (cf. figure 2). Place tied specimens in a wire holder weighing (5 I 0,5) g; this will help keep the specimen in the same position. Place specimens which may disintegrate during testing or which are of loose material in a basket of stainless steel wi
40、re mesh having an aperture size of 1 mm and wire diameter of 0,5 mm as in IS0 4783-2. Specimens which could run out of the wire basket during testing are to be placed in a container of nickel sheet that is 0.2 mm thick. 5.1.3.4 Apparatus and procedure Apparatus Testing is to be carried out in an ele
41、ctrically heated furnace3) with heating coils arranged along the circumfer- ence of the refractory tube. To minimize temperature fluctuations in the furnace, the supply voltage is to be kept constant to within I 0,5 YO by means of a voltage stabilizer. Figure 2: Placing multi-layer 1 2 3 Uncut layer
42、 Surface which is least favourable in terms of fire behaviour Surface which is most favourable in terms of fire behaviour Cut-down layer Cut surface Binding wire Thermocouple in heating tube Centre plane of furnace NOTE: The specimen holder is not shown. The layers are to be in close contact with on
43、e another. A gap is shown merely to illustrate the arrangement more clearly. Wire should be used to bind the layers firmly together. specimens in heating tube 3, Information on sources of supply is available from the Normenausschu Bauwesen of DIN, D-10772 Berlin. COPYRIGHT DIN DEUTSCHES Institut Fur
44、 Normung E.V.- EnglishLicensed by Information Handling ServicesPage 6 DIN 41 02-1 : 1998-05 To measure the temperature inside the furnace, insert a thermocouple reaching down to the centre of the heating tube (cf. figure 1) at a distance of (1 O I0,5) mm from the tube wall. The thermocouple shall be
45、 made of a 0,5 mm thick wire with an open junction; sheathed thermocouples with an appropriate response charac- teristic may also be used. The temperature indicator shall have a limit of error no greater than 5 “C. A pilot flame of propane gas as in DIN 51 622 is to be located (20 Il) mm above the c
46、entre of the heating tubes top opening. To observe the specimen during testing, place a slanted mirror above the furnace. Procedure Pre-heat the furnace to (750 I 1 O) “C; this temperature is to remain constant to within I 1 “C without needing readjustment for at least ten minutes before testing. Th
47、e energy input to the heating element is to remain constant throughout the test. Suspend the specimen in the heating tube so that its centre is level with the junction of the thermocouple. The original specimen surface, or - in the case of asymmetrical specimens -the least favourable surface in term
48、s of fire behaviour is to face the thermocouple, which shall be located midway across this surfaces width (cf. figure 2). Multi-layered specimens are to be suspended as shown in figure 2. When suspending the specimen, do not open the furnace cover for more than five seconds. The test period begins w
49、hen the bottom edge of the specimen passes the top edge of the heating tube. Leave the specimen in the furnace until the maximum furnace temperature has been reached, and for at least 15 minutes. If the initial furnace temperature has still not risen after 30 minutes, only one specimen needs to be tested to the point where the maximum temperature is reached (but for no longer than 90 minutes), provided the other specimens behave in a similar manner during the first 30 minutes. If the pilot flame is extinguished by gases released by the specimen, an immediate attem
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