DIN 45673-1-2010 Mechanical vibration - Resilient elements used in railway tracks - Part 1 Terms and definitions classification test procedures《机械振动 铁路轨道用弹性元件 第1部分 术语和定义 分类 试验规程》.pdf

1、August 2010DEUTSCHE NORM Normenausschuss Akustik, Lrmminderung und Schwingungstechnik (NALS) im DIN und VDIDIN-SprachendienstEnglish price group 14No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin

2、, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 17.160; 93.100!$l;“1739524www.din.deDDIN 45673-1Mechanical vibration Resilient elements used in railway tracks Part 1: Terms and definitions, classification, test proceduresEnglish translation of DIN 45673-1:2010-08Mecha

3、nische Schwingungen Elastische Elemente des Oberbaus von Schienenfahrwegen Teil 1: Begriffe, Klassifizierung, PrfverfahrenEnglische bersetzung von DIN 45673-1:2010-08Vibrations mcaniques lments lastiques des voies ferres Partie 1: Terminologie, classification, mthodes dessaiTraduction anglaise de DI

4、N 45673-1:2010-08Together with DIN 45673-5:2010-08, DIN 45673-6:2010-08, DIN 45673-7:2010-08 and DIN 45673-8:2010-08supersedes DIN 45673-1:2000-05Supersedes: see belowwww.beuth.deDocument comprises pages3110 .11 DIN 45673-1:2010-08 A comma is used as the decimal marker. Contents Page Foreword. 3 1 S

5、cope . 5 2 Normative references . 5 3 Terms and definitions 5 3.1 General railway track terminology 5 3.2 Special terminology for materials and structural components . 9 3.3 Further terms. 16 4 Symbols . 18 5 Classification of railway track systems with resilient elements 20 6 Laboratory test proced

6、ures . 20 6.1 Test rig requirements . 20 6.2 Measuring system requirements.21 6.3 Documentation requirements 21 7 Types of test procedures . 21 8 Fitness for purpose 22 9 Information on quality monitoring as part of quality assurance procedures. 22 9.1 Manufacture. 22 9.2 Installation . 22 Annex A (

7、informative) Examples of resilient track elements. 23 Annex B (informative) Example of a load-deformation curve 29 Bibliography . 30 2 DIN 45673-1:2010-08 Foreword This standard has been prepared by Working Group NA 001-03-15 AA (NALS/VDI C 15) Schwingungs-minderung in der Umgebung von Verkehrswegen

8、 of the Normenausschuss Akustik, Lrmminderung und Schwingungstechnik (Acoustics, Noise Control and Vibration Engineering Standards Committee). It arose from the need to determine in the laboratory the parameters used to describe the static and dynamic properties of resilient elements used in railway

9、 tracks with particular regard to their subsequent installation conditions and to specify these parameters in product descriptions. The aim is to facilitate the comparison of different products and to enable their vibration-reducing effects to be calculated. By selecting resilient track components b

10、ased on the particular application and the prevailing conditions and constraints, the distribution of forces in the overall system can be improved by, for example, reducing the forces acting at individual track support points. This reduces the vibrations emitted into the environment when the frequen

11、cy of the vibration lies above a characteristic frequency. However, if the frequency of a vibration is close to that of this characteristic frequency, the vibration is often amplified. Depending on the position of the characteristic frequency and the transmission characteristics of the overall mecha

12、nical system, resilient elements can reduce vibration emissions and thus also diminish vibration immissions and structure-borne noise immissions in the environment, for example within buildings. It should, however, be noted that a track on a softer support system can vibrate more strongly, leading t

13、o increased noise emissions. DIN 45673 consists of the following parts, under the general title Mechanical vibration Resilient elements used in railway tracks: Part 1: Terms and definitions, classification, test procedures Part 2: Determination of static and dynamic characteristics in the track unde

14、r operation Part 3: Experimental evaluation of insertion loss from artificial excitation of mounted track systems (in a test rig and in situ) Part 4: Analytical evaluation of insertion loss of mounted track systems Part 5: Laboratory test procedures for under-ballast mats Part 6: Laboratory test pro

15、cedures for under-sleeper pads of concrete sleepers Part 7: Laboratory test procedures for resilient elements of floating slab track systems Part 8: Laboratory test procedures for continuous elastic rail supports Part 9: Laboratory test procedures for resilient elements of rail fastening systems and

16、 for discrete rail supports1)1) Under preparation as a supplement to DIN EN 13146-9 which already contains a number of specifications on the determination of stiffness in rail fastening systems. 3 DIN 45673-1:2010-08 Amendments This standard differs from DIN 45673-1:2000-05 as follows: a) the title

17、and document structure have been modified; b) information on fitness for purpose and quality assurance has been included; c) measurement specifications for the various types of resilient elements used in railway tracks have been included in new parts of the standard. Previous edition DIN 45673-1: 20

18、00-05 4 DIN 45673-1:2010-08 1 Scope This standard defines terminology and specifies the general requirements to be met by laboratory test procedures for determining the parameters that are used to describe the static and dynamic properties of resilient elements used in railway tracks. The standard c

19、overs those parameters that are related to the effectiveness of a track structure in mitigating vibrations, that is, to reducing the emission of vibrations and structure-borne noise. The details of the laboratory test procedures for the various resilient elements and any special requirements that ha

20、ve to be met are specified in the corresponding parts of this standards series. Neither the present standard nor its corresponding parts can cover all conditions and constraints. The institution carrying out the testing is therefore responsible for ensuring that the parameters determined are suffici

21、ently reproducible. NOTE 1 Parameters of new resilient elements developed for use in railway tracks should be determined in a manner analogous to the specifications in this standards series. NOTE 2 In contrast, DIN 45673-2 is concerned with determining the parameters and characteristic functions of

22、resilient elements used in railway tracks from tests conducted on the running track under realistic excitation conditions. However, differences in the test conditions and constraints can mean that the parameters from tests on the running track and those from laboratory tests do not always agree. Thi

23、s standard classifies track systems equipped with resilient elements. It also specifies procedures for testing the fitness for purpose of resilient elements as well as providing information on quality monitoring as part of quality assurance procedures. 2 Normative references The following referenced

24、 documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. DIN EN ISO 10846-2, Acoustics and vibration Laboratory measurement of vib

25、ro-acoustic transfer properties of resilient elements Part 2: Direct method for determination of the dynamic stiffness of resilient supports for translatory motion DIN EN ISO 10846-5, Acoustics and vibration Laboratory measurement of vibro-acoustic transfer properties of resilient elements Part 5: D

26、riving point method for determination of the low-frequency transfer stiffness of resilient supports for translatory motion 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 General railway track terminology 3.1.1 track track superstructure perm

27、anent way installations and structural components that serve to transmit loads and guide railway vehicles EXAMPLES Rails, switch and crossing work, rail fastenings and rail bearing elements (sleepers, longitudinal bearers, track panels), gauge tie bars, ballast, ballast protection layers, frost prot

28、ection layers, surface coverings and track drainage systems, auxiliary track installations and buffer stops. NOTE The permanent way lies on top of the substructure; the substructure comprises the earthwork structures and engineering structures that support the track superstructure. 5 DIN 45673-1:201

29、0-08 3.1.2 conventional ballasted track track in which the upper surface of the rails is not at the same level as the areas between the rails and to the sides of the rails EXAMPLE The sleepers or the ballast are visible. 3.1.3 embedded track flush track street running track paved-in track track in w

30、hich the upper surface of the rails is at the same level as the areas between the rails and to the sides of the rails as these areas are covered with a surface covering NOTE Non-railway traffic can also travel over or across embedded track. 3.1.4 type of track category of track whose characteristics

31、 are defined by the particular combination of structural elements used in its construction EXAMPLE Floating (i.e. elastically supported) slab track on bridges with an elastic baseplate below the rail fastening and with a rail pad underneath the foot of the rail. 3.1.5 slab track type of track in whi

32、ch the rails are directly fastened by means of rail fastening elements to a rigid underlying slab NOTE The rigid underlying slab can be a track base plate made from concrete. 3.1.6 floating slab track system on discrete supports pMFS type of track made from the following structural elements: rail an

33、d rail fastenings, track base plate or track trough and resilient discrete supports that are located between the track base plate or track trough and the substructure EXAMPLES See Figures A.3 and A.4. 3.1.7 floating slab track system on continuous and semi-continuous supports fMFS type of track made

34、 from the following structural elements: rail and rail fastenings, track base plate or track trough with semi-continuous strip mats or continuous mats of elastomeric material located between the track base plate or track trough and the substructure EXAMPLE See Figure A.5. NOTE 1 An example of semi-c

35、ontinuous support is a system of elastomeric strip mats laid non-contiguously. NOTE 2 As a rule, a floating slab track system on a continuous support has a higher tuning frequency than a floating slab track system on discrete supports. NOTE 3 This Note concerns outdated German wordings. 6 DIN 45673-

36、1:2010-08 3.1.8 structural track elements main structural components are the rails, resilient track elements, rail fastenings and rail bearing elements (sleepers, track panels), gauge tie bars, ballast and the ballast protection layers 3.1.9 resilient track elements components that, in addition to t

37、heir main functions of transmitting and distributing loads and of realising a desired level of stiffness (or compliance) under the rolling load, also serve to reduce vibration and structure-borne noise emissions EXAMPLES Ballast, elastic elements in rail fastening systems, discrete and continuous el

38、astic rail supports, elastic sleeper supports, under-ballast mats, discrete supports, strip mats and continuous mats for track base plates and track troughs. NOTE 1 The effectiveness of resilient elements in fulfilling this additional function is primarily determined by their elastic and damping pro

39、perties. Besides the elasticity of the track superstructure, the elasticity of the track substructure is frequently a major factor in determining the overall elasticity of a railway line. NOTE 2 The resilient track elements all serve to increase the elasticity of the track superstructure and thus to

40、 reduce the transmission of vibrations into the substructure. They also produce a uniform distribution of the wheel forces. This leads to a more stable track geometry and therefore to a reduction in the proportion of under-sleeper cavities and less vibrational excitation. NOTE 3 The resilient track

41、elements can be used in the same way on regular track, in switches, crossings and rail expansion joints, without this always being stated explicitly. 3.1.10 elastic rail pad Zw resilient track element located directly beneath the foot of the rail EXAMPLES See Figures A.6 and A.8. 3.1.11 elastic base

42、plate pad Zwp resilient layer located beneath a load-distributing plate and on top of the sleeper or bearing plate NOTE A ribbed baseplate is a load-distributing plate. EXAMPLES See Figures A.6 b) and A.7. 3.1.12 elastic rail support system ES type of track in which the rails are elastically mounted

43、 on discrete support points EXAMPLES See Figures A.7 and A.8. NOTE 1 In urban light rail systems, the rail deflection s at maximum wheel load caused by the elastic rail support system at maximum wheel load is approximately 1 mm to 2 mm, for highly elastic rail support systems the deflection of the r

44、ail is about 3 mm to 4 mm. NOTE 2 The elastic rail support system used under switches is known as an elastic switch support (EWL). 7 DIN 45673-1:2010-08 3.1.13 Continuous elastic rail support system 3.1.13.1 resilient grooved-rail support system ER elastic cladding around a grooved rail (covering th

45、e rail foot and web up to the rail head) EXAMPLE See Figure A.9. NOTE The elastic cladding can, for instance, be a prefabricated profile. Gauge tie bars, if present, are also clad or sheathed in an elastic material. In urban light rail systems, the rail deflection s at maximum wheel load caused by t

46、he resilient grooved-rail support system is approximately 1 mm to 2 mm. 3.1.13.2 continuous elastically embedded rail system continuous elastically supported track KES type of track in which the rails are supported not on discrete resilient supports, but on an elastic medium (grouting or an elastic

47、profile) that runs the entire length of the rails EXAMPLE See Figure A.10. NOTE Compared to a resilient grooved-rail support system, a continuous elastically supported track system enables a greater degree of rail deflection thereby achieving improved vibration isolation. 3.1.14 under-sleeper pad SB

48、 continuous resilient pad that is positioned underneath a sleeper and attached to the sleeper via a non-positive, force-closed joint (e.g. adhesive bonding) and that is preferentially used on ballasted track EXAMPLE See Figure A.1. NOTE An under-sleeper pad typically comprises an elastic layer and a bonding layer. 3.1.15 sleeper shoe sleeper boot SS (concrete) sleeper whose base, sides and end faces are covered with elastic cladding and that is preferentially used in a slab track system EXAMPLE See Figure A.2. NOTE The sleeper