1、August 2010DEUTSCHE NORM Normenausschuss Akustik, Lrmminderung und Schwingungstechnik (NALS) im DIN und VDIDIN-SprachendienstEnglish price group 11No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin
2、, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 17.160; 93.100!$l=“1739526www.din.deDDIN 45673-5Mechanical vibration Resilient elements used in railway tracks Part 5: Laboratory test procedures for under-ballast matsEnglish translation of DIN 45673-5:2010-08Mechanisch
3、e Schwingungen Elastische Elemente des Oberbaus von Schienenfahrwegen Teil 5: Labor-Prfverfahren fr UnterschottermattenEnglische bersetzung von DIN 45673-5:2010-08Vibrations mcaniques lments lastiques des voies ferres Partie 5: Mthodes en laboratoire pour essayer les semelles pour ballastTraduction
4、anglaise de DIN 45673-5:2010-08Together with DIN 45673-1:2010-08, DIN 45673-6:2010-08, DIN 45673-7:2010-08 and DIN 45673-8:2010-08supersedes DIN 45673-1:2000-05Supersedes: see belowwww.beuth.deDocument comprises pages1901.11 DIN 45673-5:2010-08 A comma is used as the decimal marker. Contents Page Fo
5、reword. 3 1 Scope . 4 2 Normative references . 4 3 Overview and general principles. 5 4 Under-ballast mats for reducing vibrations, structure-borne noise and secondary air-borne noise 5 4.1 Static bedding modulus . 5 4.2 Lower-frequency dynamic bedding modulus Cdyn 1( f ) for determining track dynam
6、ics . 7 4.3 Lower-frequency dynamic stiffening ratio dyn 1(10 Hz) 9 4.4 Higher-frequency dynamic bedding modulus Cdyn 2( f ) for determining the efficiency of mitigating structure-borne noise 9 4.5 Higher-frequency dynamic stiffening ratio dyn 2(20 Hz) 10 4.6 Loss factor 11 5 Under-ballast mats to r
7、educe ballast stress at high running speeds . 11 5.1 Static bedding modulus . 11 5.2 Dynamic bedding modulus for determining track dynamics. 11 5.3 Lower-frequency dynamic stiffening ratio . 11 5.4 Horizontal static bedding modulus Cstat,h11 6 Fitness for purpose 12 6.1 General. 12 6.2 Mechanical fa
8、tigue strength 13 6.3 Material identification testing 15 6.4 Material and component testing 15 7 Quality monitoring, quality assurance . 18 Bibliography . 19 2 DIN 45673-5:2010-08 Foreword This standard has been prepared by Working Group NA 001-03-15 AA (NALS/VDI C 15) Schwingungs-minderung in der U
9、mgebung von Verkehrswegen of the Normenausschuss Akustik, Lrmminderung und Schwingungstechnik (Acoustics, Noise Control and Vibration Engineering Standards Committee). It arose from the need to determine in the laboratory the parameters used to describe the static and dynamic properties and fitness
10、for purpose of under-ballast mats on all types of railways and to specify these parameters in product descriptions. The aim is to facilitate the comparison of different products and to enable the calculation of their vibration-reducing or stress-reducing effects. DIN 45673 consists of the following
11、parts, under the general title Mechanical vibration Resilient elements used in railway tracks: Part 1: Terms and definitions, classification, test procedures Part 2: Determination of static and dynamic characteristics in the track under operation Part 3: Experimental evaluation of insertion loss fro
12、m artificial excitation of mounted track systems (in a test rig and in situ) Part 4: Analytical evaluation of insertion loss of mounted track systems Part 5: Laboratory test procedures for under-ballast mats Part 6: Laboratory test procedures for under-sleeper pads of concrete sleepers Part 7: Labor
13、atory test procedures for resilient elements of floating slab track systems Part 8: Laboratory test procedures for continuous elastic rail supports Part 9: Laboratory test procedures for resilient elements of rail fastening systems and for discrete rail supports1)Amendments This standard differs fro
14、m DIN 45673-1:2000-05 as follows: a) the scope of testing has been expanded and the test loads have been redefined; b) information on fitness for purpose and details concerning quality assurance have been included. Previous edition DIN 45673-1: 2000-05 1) Under preparation as a supplement to DIN EN
15、13146-9 which already contains a number of specifications on the determination of stiffness in rail fastening systems. 3 DIN 45673-5:2010-08 1 Scope This standard specifies laboratory test procedures for determining the parameters used to describe the static and dynamic properties of under-ballast m
16、ats. The main areas of use of under-ballast mats are: reduction of vibrations, structure-borne noise and secondary air-borne noise in tramways, underground railways, suburban rapid transit and main-line railway systems; reduction of ballast stress at high running speeds on main-line railway lines. I
17、n addition to specifying the basic testing of relevant properties of under-ballast mats, this standard also sets out procedures for testing fitness for purpose and provides information on quality monitoring as part of quality assurance procedures. However, this standard does not contain requirements
18、 pertaining to the properties of under-ballast mats. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (includin
19、g any amendments) applies. DIN 4102-1, Fire behaviour of building materials and building components Part 1: Building materials; concepts, requirements and tests DIN 45673-1, Mechanical vibration Resilient elements used in railway tracks Part 1: Terms and definitions, classification, test procedures
20、DIN 53504, Testing of rubber Determination of tensile strength at break, tensile stress at yield, elongation at break and stress values in a tensile test DIN 53508, Testing of rubber Accelerated ageing DIN 53509-1, Testing of rubber Determination of resistance to ozone cracking Part 1: Static condit
21、ions DIN EN ISO 1798, Flexible cellular polymeric materials Determination of tensile strength and elongation at break DIN EN ISO 1856, Flexible cellular polymeric materials Determination of compression set DIN EN ISO 10846-2, Acoustics and vibration Laboratory measurement of vibro-acoustic transfer
22、properties of resilient elements Part 2: Direct method for determination of the dynamic stiffness of resilient supports for translatory motion DIN ISO 815, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic Determination of compression set DIN ISO 1817, Rubber, vulcanized Determination of the effect of liquids 4 D
23、IN 45673-5:2010-08 3 Overview and general principles Refer to DIN 45673-1 for definitions, symbols, test rig requirements, measurement system requirements, documentation requirements and classification of test procedures. Under-ballast mats are used to increase resilience between the ballast and the
24、 track superstructure on engineering structures such as bridges, track troughs and tunnels. Under-ballast mats reduce vibrations emitted into the environment when the frequency of the vibration lies above the wheel/track resonance frequency. However, when the frequency lies within the resonance freq
25、uency range, the vibrations are often amplified. Depending on the position of the resonance frequency and the transmission characteristics of the overall mechanical system, under-ballast mats can reduce vibration immissions and structure-borne noise immissions in the environment, for example within
26、buildings. Under-ballast mats are mainly used: to reduce vibrations, structure-borne noise and secondary air-borne noise; to reduce ballast stress at high running speeds. The first main area of use pertains to tramways, underground railways, suburban rapid transit and main-line railway systems. The
27、use of under-ballast mats to reduce ballast stress is only found on main-line railways at high running speeds. To guarantee their long-term functionality, under-ballast mats are subjected to defined fitness-for-purpose tests. As under-ballast mats are likely to come into contact with and absorb wate
28、r once they have been installed, the water absorption capacity of the mats is determined as part of the fitness-for-purpose testing. 4 Under-ballast mats for reducing vibrations, structure-borne noise and secondary air-borne noise 4.1 Static bedding modulus 4.1.1 Bedding modulus Cstat4.1.1.1 General
29、 The parameter Cstatis used to estimate the static compression under service loading. Cstatcan be easily measured either as part of the product qualification process or during continuous quality assurance monitoring of the production process. The static bedding modulus Cstatserves as a means of comp
30、aring different under-ballast mats. It also prescribes the test load used in mechanical fatigue strength testing and is required for the determination of the dynamic stiffening ratio. NOTE As the measurement of the static bedding modulus Cstatis carried out repeatedly at the loading and unloading ra
31、te specified in 4.1.1.2 without any recovery phase, the measured quantity is actually a quasistatic quantity. However, the designation Cstatand the manner in which the test is carried out ensure that comparisons can be made with existing product descriptions and earlier test procedures. Once Cstatha
32、s been determined and a full recovery phase has been completed, a further load is applied that yields the at-rest value Cstat 0of the static bedding modulus (see 4.1.2). This at-rest value is used to estimate the static deflection under a dead load (e.g. a reference vehicle of known load). 5 DIN 456
33、73-5:2010-08 4.1.1.2 Test parameters Dimensions of test object: 300 mm 300 mm product thickness. In the case of resilient mats with studs or other geometrically deformable structures, the dimensions of the test object shall be modified accordingly. NOTE 1 If required by the test rig set-up, test obj
34、ect dimensions of 200 mm 200 mm are permitted. In that case, this reduced size of the test object also applies to the determination of the dynamic bedding moduli Cdyn 1and Cdyn 2. Number of test objects: Three Conditioning: Test object shall be dry at the relevant test temperature for at least 16 h
35、prior to the start of the test Test temperature: (23 3) C and, if used out of doors, (20 3) C Manner of load application: Flat loading plate Under-ballast mat Flat loading plate The loading plate is made of steel with a sanding disc (K120 grit on a rigid linen backing cloth) inserted between the loa
36、ding plate and the test object. NOTE 2 Deviations from this specification for the loading plate are permitted for the purposes of quality assurance. Applied load (expressed as normal force per unit area) as given in Table 1 NOTE 3 The values in Table 1 take into account the higher levels of mechanic
37、al stress experienced by under-ballast mats due, for instance, to reduced ballast bed thickness or shorter sleepers. Table 1 Applied loads (normal force per unit area) used in determining the bedding modulusRange of applied loads Evaluation range Example u= 0,01 N/mm2to o= 0,06 N/mm21= 0,02 N/mm2to
38、2= 0,05 N/mm2Tramwaya u= 0,01 N/mm2to o= 0,08 N/mm21= 0,02 N/mm2to 2= 0,07 N/mm2Underground railwaya u= 0,01 N/mm2to o= 0,11 N/mm21= 0,02 N/mm2to 2= 0,10 N/mm2Suburban rapid transita u= 0,01 N/mm2to o= 0,25 N/mm2For medium ballast compaction: 1= 0,02 N/mm2to 2= 0,10 N/mm2For high ballast compaction:
39、 1= 0,02 N/mm2to 2= 0,20 N/mm2Main-line railwaya aFor typical axle loads, see DIN 45673-1. The product of the load to be applied (expressed as normal force per unit area) and the area of the test object A yields the force to be applied by the test rig F = A. Loading and unloading rate: Continuous, 0
40、,01 (N/mm2)/s Number of load cycles: Three. 6 DIN 45673-5:2010-08 4.1.1.3 Procedure and evaluation Three load cycles shall be applied with no rest period between cycles. Each load cycle shall consist of applying a load that increases from uup to the maximum load of ofollowed by complete unloading. T
41、he third load cycle shall be recorded. Based on the measured deflections s1and s2, the static bedding modulus Cstatshall then be calculated in N/mm3as the secant modulus between the evaluation range limits 1and 2using: 1212statssC=(1) On main-line railway networks, the static bedding modulus Cstatsh
42、all also be calculated for the high ballast compaction range. The difference s2 s1is the difference in the extent of deflection measured for the loads 2and 1during the third load cycle. The mean average static bedding modulus shall be calculated from the results with the three test objects and repor
43、ted together with the respective evaluation range given in Table 1. The average characteristic load-deformation diagram shall also be reported for the loading range used. 4.1.2 At-rest value Cstat 0of the bedding modulus While each test object is still clamped in place and after allowing it to recov
44、er for a period of 5 min in its unloaded state, the test object shall be subjected to further loading as follows: Step 1: Apply load at a rate of 0,01 (N/mm2)/s until the load 1has been reached; maintain load for a duration of 10 min; record value of s1Step 2: Increase load to 2at a rate of 0,01 (N/
45、mm2)/s; apply load for a duration of 10 min; record value of s2The at-rest value of the static bedding modulus shall then be calculated from: 12120statssC=(2) For main-line railways, only a value of 0,20 N/mm2is used for 2. The final result shall be recorded as the mean average of the results from t
46、he three test objects. 4.2 Lower-frequency dynamic bedding modulus Cdyn 1( f ) for determining track dynamics 4.2.1 General The parameter Cdyn 1(f) can be used to estimate the lower-frequency bending deformation of the rail under the influence of the rolling wheel that results from the interplay of
47、the bending elasticity of the rail and the sleeper including ballast. 4.2.2 Test parameters Dimensions of test object: See 4.1.1.2 NOTE 1 If required by the test rig set-up, test object dimensions of 200 mm 200 mm are permitted. In that case, the reduced size of the test object also applies to the d
48、etermination of the static bedding modulus Cstat. 7 DIN 45673-5:2010-08 Number of test objects: Tests at room temperature: Three test objects Tests at other temperatures (see Table 3): One test object Conditioning: See 4.1.1.2 NOTE 2 The design of some under-ballast mats and the properties of the materials from which they are made can mean that they will absorb water; see 6.4.2. Manner of load application: See 4
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