DIN 51360-1-1985 en Testing of cooling lubricants determination of corrosion preventing characteristics of cooling lubricants mixed with water Herbert corrosion test《冷却润滑剂的检验 掺水冷却润.pdf

1、Testing of cooling lubricants Determination of corrosion preventing characteris- tics of cooling lubricants mixed with water Herbert corrosion test Prfung von Khlschmierstoffen; Bestimmung der Korrosionsschutz- eigenschaften von wassergemischten Khlschmierstoffen; Herbert- Korrosionsprf ung DIN 51 3

2、60 Pari 1 Supersedes June 1977 edition. Jn keeping with current practice in standards published by the International Organization for Standardization (SO), a comma has been used throughout as the decimal marker. See Explanatory notes for connection with IP 125/82 published by the Institute of Petrol

3、eum (IP). Dimensions in mm 1 Field of application This standard applies to cooling lubricants mixed with water (cooling lubricant miscible with water in the “ready for use“ condition). 1) 2 Scope The method specified in this standard serves to determine the corrosion preventing effect of cooling lub

4、ricants mixed with water on cast iron, using steel millings. 3 Concept As defined in DIN 50 900 Part 1, corrosion is the reaction of a metallic material with its surroundings, which gives rise to a measurable alteration of the material and which can lead to corrosion damage. In the present test, cor

5、rosion is deemed to mean the corrosive alteration on the surface of the cast iron test plates covered with steel millings, caused by the cooling lubricants mixed with water. 4 Principte of method Steel millings are placed on a cleaned cast iron test plate and wetted with the cooling lubricant mixed

6、with water. After a period of 24 hours in the test chamber at a room temperature of 18 to 28 “C as specified in DIN 5004, the steels millings and the surface of the test plate, after removal of the oil, are examined for corrosion. 5 Designation Designation of the method of determining the corrosion

7、preventing characteristics of cooling lubricants mixed with water by the Herbert corrosion test (A), in accord- ance with this standard (01): Test DIN 51 360 - O1 - A 1) See DIN 51 385 for concepts associated with cooling 2) Information on sources of supply can be obtained lubricants. from : DIN-Bez

8、ugsquellen fr normgerechte Erzeugnisse im DIN, Burggrafenstrae 4-1 O, D-1 O00 Berlin 30. 6 Apparatus Test chamber. 2) The test chamber shall consist of a plastic housing pro vided with a surface ground rim for placing on a glass plate. Its volume shall be (75 k 5) litres. The cover of the housing sh

9、all be provided with a hole at the centre, through which the shaft of a geared electric motor 2), or of an electric motor with a rotational speed of (600 I 100) min-1 shall pass. The shaft shall be fitted with a propeller 2) at the end, made of (flexible) plastics for example, with dimensions as giv

10、en below. The pro- peller shall be situated 200mm above the test plates (see subclause 9.3). Its direction of rotation shall be counterclockwise, seen from the shaft. As a result, the movement of the air will be in an upward direction. The shaft and the propeller shall be made of corrosion- resistan

11、t material. For the guidance of the agitator shaft, a bracket consisting of three stainless steel rods attached to the side of the test chamber in an airtight manner can be used for example. It shall be provided with a plastic cylinder at the centre, with a passage for accomodating the agitator shaf

12、t. Figure. Propeller Continued on pages 2 to 5 Beuth Verlag GmbH, Berlin 30. has exclusive sale rights for German Standards (DIN-Normen) DIN 5 1 360 Part 1 Engl. Price group t Sales No. 0106 11.85 Page 2 DIN 51 360 Part 1 Glass plate, 500 mm X 500 mm X 4 mm. DIN 12 91 1 - 300 desiccator plate. Glass

13、 tripod, 200 mm high. 10ml one-mark bulb pipette, e.g. DIN 12690 - VPA2 pipette. 100 ml measuring cylinder with stopper, e.g. DIN 12685 - MIH 100 cylinder. 1 I beaker, e.g. N 1000 beaker complying with DIN 12 331 (at present at the stage of draft). 3 1 beaker, e.g. N 3000 beaker complying with DIN 1

14、2 331. Test sieve fitted with a DIN 4188 - 0,63 stainless steel woven wire cloth sieving medium. Holding device, e.g. permanent magnet or clamps, for the purpose of securing the test plate during the grinding process. 1 O0 W daylight lamp. Hair hygrometer, e.g. one complying with DIN 50012. Syringe.

15、 Agitator with a rotational speed of (1 500 f 100) min-1, provided with a stainless steel agitator blade 15 to 20 mm in width. DIN 12 338 - KMA230 dish. 7 Reagents and test media Reagent grade sulfuric acid with a proportion by mass w (H2SO4) of at least 96% (density Chemically pure sodium hydrogen

16、sulfate-monohydrate, NaHS04. H20. Reagent grade calcium chloride-hexahydrate, CaCL2 .6 H20. Reagent grade magnesium sulfate-heptahydrate, MgS04 * 7 H20. Chemically pure cyclohexane or toluene. White spirit complying with DIN 51 632. DIN 61 640 - V - BW sanitary cotton. Test plate 2) of cast iron, 10

17、0 mm square, 6 mm thick. The cast iron shall have the following composition: Constituents Percentage by mass = 1,84 g/cm3). Carbon (C) Silicon (Si) Manganese (Mn) Phosphorus (Pl Sulfur (SI Chromium (Cr) max. 0,l % Nickel (Ni) (3,3 f 0,2) % (1,9 f 0.2) % (0,8 f 0,l) % (0,36 f 0.04) % (0.1 f 0.02) % (

18、0,4 f 0,l) % Dry milled steel millings2) prepared from BSEn 8 steel, approximately 6 mm long, 1.5 to 3 mm in diameter. The millings shall be stored in dry glass bottles capable of being sealed, immediately after the milling operation. - For 2). see page I. 3) See FEPA standard for sizes of abrasive

19、grain of the Fdration Europenne des Fabricants de Produits Abrasifs, 1st German edition 1965, published by Fachverband Elektrokorund- und Siliziumkarbid- Hersteller e. V., Karlstralle 21, D-6000 Frankfurt. P 240 grain size is designated D 240 in the above- mentioned FEPA standard. The bottles shall

20、have a volume not exceeding 250 ml. The date of filling shall be marked on the bottles. The steel millings shall be used within a period of 12 months. Emery paper of grain size 150 and P 240 3, or abrasive disc of grain size 150. DIN 53 135 - 1 a filter paper. Water of a molar concentration c(CaCl2

21、6 H20, M6O4 - 7 H20) of 3,58 mmol/l (hitherto described as total hardness) shall be used. The water shall be prepared from 17 ml of solution A, 3ml of solution B, 980ml of distilled, boiled off and cooled down water. Preparation of solution A Dissolve 39 g of calcium chloride-hexahydrate, CaC12 . 6

22、H20, in distilled water. Dilute the solution with distilled water to 1 litre. 1 ml of solution A diluted with distilled water to 1 litre results in a water of molar concentration c(CaCl2 .6 H20) = 0,179 mmol/L. Preparation of solution B Dissolve 449 of magnesium sulfate-heptahydrate, MgSO4 . 7 H20,

23、in distilled water. Dilute the solution with distilled water to 1 litre. 1 ml of solution B, diluted with distilled water to 1 litre results in a water of molar concentration c(MgS04 -7 H20) = O,179mmol/L. Chemically pure acetone (2-propanone). 8 Sampling In accordance with DIN 51 750 Part 1 and Par

24、t 2. 9 Preparation 9.1 Sample solution The cooling lubricant shall be mixed with water, unless it is supplied in the form of a product already mixed with water. For the mixture, a water prepared as described in clause 7 shall be used. If the test is carried out with a dif- ferent water, this shall b

25、e noted in the test report. If no instructions are provided in respect of the mixing ratio, the amount of water to be added shall correspond to the amount normally used. After weighing-in or pipetting-in the cooling lubricant onto a portion of the water transferred in advance to the 100ml measuring

26、cylinder, the cylinder shall be filled with water to the top level mark and shaken vigorously. In the case of highly viscous cooling lubricants and lubricants which cannot easily be emulsified, it is recom- mended that a larger quantity of the cooling lubricant/ water mixture, e.g. 0,5 1, be prepare

27、d for greater precision. The water prepared in accordance with clause 7 shall be transferred to a 1 1 beaker and the appropriate quantity of cooling lubricant to be tested injected into the beaker by means of a syringe, stirring constantly. During this process, the agitator blade shall be situated a

28、pproximately 20 mm above the bottom of the beaker. After completion another five minutes. of the injection of lubricant, stirring shall continue for DIN 51 360 Part 1 Page 3 Degree of staining 9.2 Test plate Immediately prior to testing, the surface of the test plate shall be prepared as follows, af

29、ter which it shall not be touched by hand again: a) wipe with cotton wool soaked in cyclohexane or b) wash with white spirit, c) wipe dry with filter paper. Then, the test plate shall be ground using a grinding wheel of grain size 150, or using an endless grinding belt machine provided with an emery

30、 paper of grain size 150, or by hand with an emery paper of grain size 150 until the surface presents a completely bright and polished appearance; immediately thereafter, the surface shall be finished with emery paper of grain size P240 exhibiting the same width as the test plate. The emery paper sh

31、all be laid over a square cork plate (grinding cork) of 50 mm X 50 mm X 50 mm approximately, and then thirty double strokes shall be applied to the test plate by pressure with the ball of the thumb in one direction, followed by thirty double strokes at right angles to the original direction, without

32、 lifting the emery paper. The holding device can be used to secure the test plate. Should score marks appear on the test plate after pro- longed use which can no longer be eliminated, the reverse side of the plate may then be used after it has been prepared in the same way as previously described. I

33、f the plate is only 3 mm thick, discard it. The ground surface of the test plate shall first of all be rubbed down vigorously two to four times in succession with cotton wool soaked in cyclohexane or toluene, then once or twice with cotton wool soaked in white spirit, and finally rubbed dry with fil

34、ter paper until no marks are apparent on the filter paper. toluene, Intensity Description of staining (area stained, in %) 9.3 Testchamber The test chamber, which is to rest on the glass plate, shall be placed in a room devoid of aggressive atmosphere (e.g. not in a chemical laboratory), at an ambie

35、nt temperature of 18to 28OC as specified in DIN 50014, in such a way that it is protected from draughts and direct sunlight. A relative humidity of approximately 50 to 60% in the test chamber can for instance be obtained by placing at the bottom of the chamber an open dish containing a saturated sol

36、ution prepared from 2 kg of sodium hydrogen sulfate with lumps of solid sulfate protruding from the liquid, or a solution prepared from 3 kg of sulfuric acid, w(H2SO4) = 43%. The sulfuric acid shall be prepared as follows: the water shall be transferred to a suitable beaker, and the calculated amoun

37、t of con- centrated sulfuric acid, w(H2SO4), of not less than 96% shall then be added gradually under constant stirring with a glass rod (protective goggles!). The hair hygrometer shall be suspended in the test chamber to check the air humidity. Particular care shall be taken to ensure that no steel

38、 millings come into contact with the desiccant solution. The desiccator plate resting on a glass tripod serves as the base for the test plates; its distance from the glass plate on which the test chamber stands shall be between 200 and 250 mm. 10 Procedure The steel millings shall be sieved using th

39、e test sieve specified in clause 6. Thereafter, they shall remain un- touched by hand. With the aid of a spatula, four portions each of (2 i 0,l) g of steel millings shall be distributed in a single layer on the four quarters of the test plate pre- pared as described in subclause 9.2. Each portion s

40、hall be so disposed that the edges of the test plate remain free of millings, and that the steel millings in each of the four quarters of the test plate remain separated from one another. Then, the test plate shall be placed on the desiccator plate. With the aid of the pipette, the steel millings on

41、 each quarter of the test plates shall be care- fully and completely wetted with 2 ml of the sample solution prepared in accordance with subclause 9.1. Make sure that the four portions of the sample solution do not run into one another. The test chamber shall be placed over the desiccator plate. The

42、 number of test plates arranged in the test chamber shall depend on the relative humidity in the test chamber, .e. the relative humidity shall not exceed 60 %. Further test plates shall only be placed in the test chamber after the relative humidity, which may rise to approximately 90% temporarily af

43、ter the first test plate has been placed in the chamber, has dropped to approximately 60% once more. After 24 hours the test plates shall be removed from the test chamber and evaluated in accordance with clause 11. . 11 Evaluation The steel millings shall be removed and discarded after having been i

44、nspected for stains. Table. Degrees of staining in respect of rust formation (RI and black staining !S) No I 0 I staining O 1 Three stains at the very most, of 1 mm diameter at the very most staining staining I * I Slight up to 10 1 3 1 staining Moderate 1 Over 10 up to 25 More pro- nounced staining

45、 Over 25 up to 50 I Over 50 up to 75 I I staining Heavy I staining Over 75 I I Very heavy Page 4 DIN 51 360 Part 1 The surface of the test plate shall then be thoroughly cleaned of remnants of the emulsion by careful rinsing with acetone and cyclohexane or toluene. Thereafter, the four areas which w

46、ere previously wetted and which together constitute the test surface of the test plate shall be examined within ten minutes under the daylight lamp with respect to alterations due to corrosion, .e. with respect to black staining and rust formation. In this con- nection, the degree of staining shall

47、be assessed separately in respect of black staining and of rust formation, using the table below. The four quarters of the test plate shall be evaluated separately. The extent of black staining can only be assessed after rubbing off any rust present with cotton wool soaked in cyclohexane or toluene.

48、 Test plates which exhibit pitting corrosion shall not be evaluated. 12 Expression of result The degrees of staining in respect of black staining (S) and of rust formation (R) shall be expressed as the result of the test, with reference to this standard. Example: When testing a cooling lubricant, bl

49、ack staining (S) was assessed in the range of over 10 up to 25 % of the test surface (degree of staining 3), and rust formation (R) was assessed in the range of up to 10% of the test sur- face (degree of staining 2). Degree of staining DIN 51 360 - O1 - S 3 R 2 The following information shall be provided together with the test result: - mixing ratio of cooling lubricant with water; - whether any staining occurred on the steel millings; - any pitting assessed on the test plate, if applicable; - kind of water used if different from the water speci- - shape of the test chamber, e.