DIN 51623-2015 Fuels for vegetable oil compatible combustion engines - Fuel from vegetable oil - Requirements and test methods《菜油兼容性内燃机的燃料 菜籽油的燃料 要求和试验方法》.pdf

1、December 2015 English price group 13No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 75.160.40!%UUC“2505032www.din.d

2、eDIN 51623Fuels for vegetable oil compatible combustion engines Fuel from vegetable oil Requirements and test methods,English translation of DIN 51623:2015-12Kraftstoffe fr pflanzenltaugliche Motoren Pflanzenlkraftstoff Anforderungen und Prfverfahren,Englische bersetzung von DIN 51623:2015-12Combust

3、ibles pour moteurs adapts aux huiles vgtales Combustibles base dhuile de vgtale Exigences et mthodes dessai,Traduction anglaise de DIN 51623:2015-12SupersedesDIN SPEC 51623:2012-06www.beuth.deDocument comprises 25 pagesDTranslation by DIN-Sprachendienst.In case of doubt, the German-language original

4、 shall be considered authoritative.04.17 DIN 51623:2015-12 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. Contents Page Foreword . 3 Introduction 4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Terms and definitions 6 4 Product designation and marking . 7 5 Requirements and testing 7 5.1 General requirements 7 5.2

5、 Requirements for added additives 9 5.3 Requirements for testing and compliance with the limit values in cases of dispute 9 5.4 Particularities of the requirements for winter capability 9 5.5 Particularities of the requirement for the wax content 9 5.6 Particularities of the requirement for ignition

6、 quality . 9 5.7 Additional requirements . 10 5.7.1 Content of ash-forming or sediment-forming elements . 10 5.7.2 Distillation analysis . 10 5.7.3 Information on density/temperature conversion 10 6 Product treatment and sampling 11 Annex A (normative) Visual examination of the liquid fuel after coo

7、ling . 12 Annex B (normative) Adaptation of the test method according to DIN EN 15195:2007-08 for the purposes of vegetable oil fuel . 13 Annex C (informative) Verification of the oil identity . 14 Annex D (informative) Calculation of fuel properties using structural parameters . 16 Annex E (informa

8、tive) Further information on properties and test methods . 18 Annex F (informative) Index to describe the viscosity-temperature behaviour of vegetable oil fuel 19 Bibliography 24 DIN 51623:2015-12 3 Foreword This document has been prepared by DIN-Normenausschuss Materialprfung (DIN Standards Committ

9、ee Materials Testing), Working Group NA 062-06-32-02 UA Prfung von Rapsl als Kraftstoff fr pflanzenltaugliche Motoren of Working Committee NA 062-06-32 AA Anforderungen an flssige Kraftstoffe of the Fachausschuss Minerall- und Brennstoffnormung (Standardization Committee for Petroleum, Fuels, Lubric

10、ants and Related Products). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. DIN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Amendments This standard differs from DIN 51623:2012-06 as follows: a) as

11、 an alternative to DIN EN ISO 3104, the kinematic viscosity can also be determined in accordance with draft standard DIN 51659-2; b) the iodine value is determined in accordance with DIN EN ISO 3961, as this is more appropriate to the scope of this standard than the previous method; in cases of disp

12、ute, only the iodine value calculated according to DIN EN ISO 3961:2013-12, Annex B shall be used; c) the acid value is determined in accordance with DIN EN ISO 660, as this is more appropriate to the scope of this standard than the previous method; d) samples to determine the linolenic acid content

13、 are to be prepared according to DIN EN ISO 12966-3; e) to estimate fuel properties, an informative annex for calculation of the properties on the basis of structural parameters has been added; f) an informative annex has been introduced to classify the cold start capability (winter capability) of a

14、n engine that is compatible with vegetable oil using a specific type of vegetable oil. This informative annex defines an index to describe the viscosity-temperature behaviour of vegetable oils. The index can be used by engine manufacturers or retrofitting companies to release engines for various veg

15、etable oils with different viscosity-temperature behaviours. Previous editions DIN SPEC 51623: 2012-06 DIN 51623:2015-12 4 Introduction In this standard those properties of vegetable oil fuel are specified which are required, as a minimum, to ensure the trouble-free use of the fuel in combustion eng

16、ines that are compatible with vegetable oil. As field experience of smooth long-term operation using this fuel is not yet deemed by all interested parties to be exhaustive or adequate, this standard does not claim to include a comprehensive description of otherwise required characteristics. Only tho

17、se characteristics are specified which have been recognized in previous technical discussions as necessary and indispensable for achieving a satisfactory quality. This standard is based on the experience gained with vegetable oils dominating the market and used as fuels, such as rapeseed oil, soybea

18、n oil, sunflower oil and palm oil. Vegetable oils or vegetable oil blends having very high contents of polyunsaturated fatty acids cannot be taken into account in this standard, since reliable and accepted data regarding the use of Camelina sativa oil, for instance, as a fuel are not yet available.

19、DIN 51623:2015-12 5 1 Scope This standard specifies the properties and limit values for the use of vegetable oil as fuel for combustion engines that are compatible with vegetable oil, together with the methods to be applied for testing these properties. The parameters laid down in this standard are

20、not designed to be used for testing the suitability of used vegetable oil as fuel. A distinction needs to be made between vegetable oil intended as fuel conforming to this standard and biodiesel (fatty acid methyl esters) according to DIN EN 14214 and fuel from rapeseed oil according to DIN 51605. T

21、he use of vegetable oil as defined in this standard as fuel is only permitted for vegetable oil compatible combustion engines. Further supplementary properties can be incorporated in subsequent editions of this standard after technical and analytical clarification. NOTE For the purposes of this docu

22、ment, “% (m/m)” is used to express the mass fraction of a substance. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated reference

23、s, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. DIN 51605, Fuels for vegetable oil compatible combustion engines Fuel from rapeseed oil Requirements and test methods DIN 51627-6, Automotive fuels Test methods Part 6: Direct determination of trace elements in vege

24、table oils by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP OES) E DIN 51659-2, Lubricants Test methods Part 2: Determination of the kinematic viscosity of used lubricating oils by Stabinger viscometer DIN 51750-1, Sampling of petroleum products General information DIN 51750-2, Sampl

25、ing of liquid petroleum products DIN 51900-1, Testing of solid and liquid fuels Determination of gross calorific value by the bomb calorimeter and calculation of net calorific value Part 1: Principles, apparatus, methods DIN 51900-2, Testing of solid and liquid fuels Determination of gross calorific

26、 value by the bomb calorimeter and calculation of net calorific value Part 2: Method using isoperibol or static jacket calorimeter DIN 51900-3, Testing of solid and liquid fuels Determination of gross calorific value by the bomb calorimeter and calculation of net calorific value Part 3: Method using

27、 adiabatic jacket DIN EN 12662:1998-10, Liquid petroleum products Determination of contamination in middle distillates DIN EN 14103, Fat and oil derivatives Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME) Determination of ester and linolenic acid methyl ester contents DIN EN 14112, Fat and oil derivatives Fatty Aci

28、d Methyl Esters (FAME) Determination of oxidation stability (accelerated oxidation test) DIN 51623:2015-12 6 DIN EN 14214, Automotive fuels Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME) for diesel engines Requirements and test methods DIN EN 15195:2007-08, Liquid petroleum products Determination of ignition delay

29、 and derived cetane number (DCN) of middle distillate fuels by combustion in a constant volume chamber DIN EN ISO 660, Animal and vegetable fats and oils Determination of acid value and acidity DIN EN ISO 2719, Determination of flash point Pensky-Martens closed cup method DIN EN ISO 3104, Petroleum

30、products Transparent and opaque liquids Determination of kinematic viscosity and calculation of dynamic viscosity DIN EN ISO 3170, Petroleum liquids Manual sampling DIN EN ISO 3675, Crude petroleum and petroleum products Determination of density Oscillating U-tube method DIN EN ISO 3961, Animal and

31、vegetable fats and oils Determination of iodine value DIN EN ISO 4259, Petroleum products Determination and application of precision data in relation to methods of test DIN EN ISO 12185, Crude petroleum and petroleum products Determination of density Oscillating U-tube method DIN EN ISO 12937, Petro

32、leum products Determination of water Coulometric Karl Fischer titration method DIN EN ISO 12966-3, Animal and vegetable fats and oils Gas chromatography of fatty acid methyl esters Part 3: Preparation of methyl esters using trimethylsulfonium hydroxide (TMSH) DIN EN ISO 20846, Petroleum products Det

33、ermination of sulfur content of automotive fuels Ultraviolet fluorescence method DIN EN ISO 20884, Petroleum products Determination of sulfur content of automotive fuels Wavelength-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following ter

34、ms and definitions apply. 3.1. vegetable oil oil obtained from oleaginous parts of plants Note 1 to entry: Such parts are e.g. seeds, fruits and germ buds. Vegetable oils are virtually anhydrous and consist mainly of triacylglycerides (esters from glycerol and fatty acids) and small amounts of fat-s

35、oluble substances from the vegetable base material such as phosphatides, waxes, non-saponifiable components, mono- and diacylglycerides as well as free fatty acids. DIN 51623:2015-12 7 3.2. vegetable oil compatible combustion engine engine system which is designed for the use of vegetable oils as fu

36、el or adapted for this use by means of subsequent retrofitting measures and for which the respective releases or guarantee bonds issued by the engine manufacturers or the retrofitters are available Note 1 to entry: The engine system according to the scope of this standard consists of the generally k

37、nown components of a self-igniting combustion engine including exhaust gas after-treatment such as oxidation catalytic converters, selective catalytic reduction (SCR technology) or exhaust gas particle filters as well as the components specifically required for operation with vegetable oil. 3.3. veg

38、etable oil refining procedural steps for the reduction of undesired concomitant substances and solids in the vegetable oils Note 1 to entry: Such procedural steps are, for example, degumming (delecithinization), deacidification (neutralization), bleaching and steaming (deodorization). Note 2 to entr

39、y: Undesired concomitant substances are, for example, free fatty acids as well as sediment-forming and ash-forming elements. 3.4. product delivery point filling station, filling pump or other location where vegetable oil fuel according to this standard is delivered for the purpose of operation of ve

40、getable oil compatible combustion engines 4 Product designation and marking Vegetable oil for use as fuel in vegetable oil compatible engines shall be designated as follows: Vegetable oil fuel DIN 51623 NOTE At the product delivery points (3.4), a uniform, clearly visible and unmistakable marking sh

41、all be ensured which can clearly be differentiated from that of fuels in normal daily usage. Respective guidelines are given in 10. BImSchV 1. 5 Requirements and testing 5.1 General requirements The production of vegetable oil fuel complying with the requirements of this standard is performed by phy

42、sical or chemical extraction of oleaginous parts of plants. In any case, the contents of solids and of undesired concomitant substances such as free fatty acids as well as sediment-forming and ash-forming elements in the vegetable oil fuel shall be minimized by suitable measures such as refining or

43、solid-liquid separation (see also Table 1). Care shall be taken to ensure that no harmful components are brought in by using these measures. According to the requirements of this standard, vegetable oils for the production of fuel shall not have been used otherwise before (e.g. as frying oil, lubric

44、ant or hydraulic oil), as this previous use can lead to substantial alteration of the vegetable oil. Furthermore it shall be ensured that vegetable oil fuel can at no point be mixed with other fuel types such as diesel fuel. If denaturation of vegetable oil fuel is required, blending with fatty acid

45、 methyl ester in accordance with DIN EN 14214 up to a maximum concentration of 2,5 % (m/m) is recommended. Denaturation of vegetable oil fuel using diesel fuel is not permitted. DIN 51623:2015-12 8 NOTE If a suitable mixing unit for the denaturation is not available, fatty acid methyl ester should b

46、e mixed with vegetable oil fuel to ensure the homogeneity of the blend. Irrespective of the previously mentioned specifications, vegetable oil fuel in accordance with this standard shall comply with all requirements given in 5.2 to 5.7 and in Table 1. Table 1 Requirements, test methods and limit val

47、ues Property Unit Limit value Test methods min. max. Visual examination of the liquid fuelb Free of visible contamination, sediments and free water Visual examination of the liquid fuel after coolingc Free of solid matter, without turbidity See Annex A Density at 15 Cdkg/m3900,0 930,0 DIN EN ISO 367

48、5 or DIN EN ISO 12185 Kinematic viscosity at 50 C mm2/s 35,0 Draft DIN 51659-2 or DIN EN ISO 3104 Net calorific valueeMJ/kgf36,0 DIN 51900-1 and DIN 51900-2 or DIN 51900-1 and DIN 51900-3 Iodine value g iodine/100 g 140 DIN EN ISO 3961g Acid value mg KOH/g 2,00 DIN EN ISO 660 Flash point according t

49、o Pensky-Martens C 101,0h DIN EN ISO 2719 Ignition quality To be specified See 5.6. Content of linolenic acid % (m/m) 12,0 DIN EN 14103iOxidation stability at 110 C h 6,0 DIN EN 14112 Total contamination mg/kg 24 DIN EN 12662jSulphur content mg/kg 10,0 DIN EN ISO 20884 or DIN EN ISO 20846 Phosphorus content mg/kg 3,0 DIN 51627-6 Calcium content mg/kg 1,0 DIN 51627-6 Magnes