DIN 6164-1-1980 DIN colour chart system based on the 2 standard colorimetric observer《DIN色卡 2标准比色观察器为基础的DIN色卡系统》.pdf

1、UDC 535.653.873 : 535.641.15 DEUTSCHE NORM February 1980 DIN colour chart System based on the 2O standard colorimetric observer DIN 61 64 D IN-Farbenkarte; System der D IN-Farbenkarte fr den 2-Normalbeobachter In keeping with current practice in standards published by the In ternational Organization

2、 for Standardization (ISO), a comma has been used throughout as the decimal marer. DIN 6164 “DIN colour chart“ is divided into the following parts: Part 1 DIN colour chart; system based on the 2“ standard colorimetric observer Part 2 DIN colour chart; specification of colour samples Supplements 1 to

3、 24 Colour samples for hues No. 1 to 24 *) Supplement 25 Colour samples for achromatic colours *) Colour coordinates for standard illuminant C *) Supplements 105 to 108 Gloss colour samples for hues No. 5 to 8 *) Gloss colour samples for hues No. 1 to 4 and 9 to 24 *), *) Supplement 125 Gloss colour

4、 samples for achromatic colours *) 1 Scope A colour chart is a collection of colour samples. It is intended to provide a clear understanding of colours and only performs its function properly if it is systemati- cally structured. The colour system on which the DIN colour chart is based (“DIN colour

5、system“) has been devised for this purpose. Note. The intention is that this DIN colour system will allow clearer identification of object colours than the standard colorimetric system that has taken a predominant position because it is based directly on the laws of colour vision. For this reason, t

6、he result of a colour measurement shall preferably be reported in terms of the standard colorimetric system (see DIN 5033 Part 2). In particular, when colours are specified in stand- ards, the coordinates of the standard colorimetric system shall be specified first of all. For improved clarification

7、 of these values, the colour coordinates specified in DIN 6164 Part 1 can be used addi- tionally. The DIN colour system is better adapted to colour perception and perception of colour differ- ences than the standard colorimetric system. However, it shall be borne in mind that the DIN colour system m

8、erely is a systematic arrangement for classifying psychophysical colours - as indeed any other conceivable system is bound to be. It has been possible with this system to obtain some adaptation to colour perception under normal observation conditions, but this adapting process is subject to all the

9、influences that are in any case predominant in determining the relation- ship between psychophysical colours and the resulting colour perception (particularly environ- mental influences and state of chromatic adapta- tion). 2 Structure of DIN colour system 2.1 The DIN colour system is a systematic a

10、rrangement of object coloursl), in which the colours are arranged on the basis of the properties most commonly used in daily life for describing a colour perception, i. e. huel), satura- tion 1) and brightnessl). Note. The fact that description of a colour always requires the use of three independen

11、t properties and that a numerical specification of a colour requires three independent coordinates is based on experience determined by the nature of human colour vision (see DIN 5033 Part 1). 2.2 For designing the system it is necessary to describe the properties referred to by means of coordinates

12、. Among the various possibilities available, the following have been selected for the DIN colour system: a) for the hue, the hue number T b) for the saturation, the saturation degree S c) for the brightness, the darkness degree D Care was taken to ensure that these coordinates were selected so that

13、the same differences in one of these coordinates when the other two remain the same is per- ceived of being of the same magnitude (known as “perceived equidistant scale division“ of the colour sequences in the system). Note. The scale divisions for the colour sequences speci- (see subclause 2.3); (s

14、ee subclause 2.4); (see subclause 2.5). fied in this standard cannot be deduced from natural laws on the basis of existing knowledge, *) Applicable to standard illuminant C. *) Applicable to standard illuminant D 65. ) Supplement in preparation. * 1) For definitions, see DIN 5033 Part 1. Continued o

15、n pages 2 to 13 Explanatory notes on page 13 Beuth Verlag GrnbH. Berlin 30, has exciusive sale rights for German Standards (DIN-Normen) DIN 6164 Part I Engl. Price group. Sales No. O109 09.84 Page 2 DIN 6164 Part 1 but are based on specific psychological tests 21, which covered the determination of

16、equidistant scales in the sequences of hues, saturation and shadow series and covered also the question of determining impressions of equal saturation and the brightness reference of the object colours. The tests were carried out on the basis of a visual field of about 2 and under illumination by na

17、tural daylight. 2.3 Colours of the same hue are here defined as colours that are in the same plane of the colour space delimited by the grey axis (colorimetric definition of hue) 1). Note. In the chromaticity diagram therefore chromati- cities having the same colorimetric hue are on straight lines r

18、adiating from the achromatic point. This definition has been chosen to permit the simplest possible conversion from the colorimetric system to that of the DIN colour chart. It is of course known that in many cases colours with the same perceived hue lie on slightly curved lines (varying according to

19、 the conditions of observation and the level of illumination). How- ever, this deviation from the perceived assessment of hue has been deliberately accepted, because it is not constant and otherwise conversion would be more difficult. The hue number T refers to a 24-division, reverse- sequence of hu

20、es, selected so that the perceived differ- ence from colour to colour in the sequence is as far as possible equal for a sequence of colours of saturation degree S = 6 and darkness degree D = 1. Hue No. 1 is defined as pure yellow (Ad = 573 nm); the numbering runs from 1 to 24,99 via red, blue and gr

21、een back to yellow No. I. The relationship between the colours in the DIN colour system and those in the standard colorimetric system is shown in table 1 for integral values of T and S. The lumi- nosity values Ao of the optimum colour of the same chromaticityl), the hue angle hxy and the units for t

22、he saturation distance rl (see subclause 2.4) are also speci- fied. The chromaticity coordinates x, y for integral values of the hue number and saturation degrees = 6 form the colorimetric basis for defining the colour system and they are printed in bold face. Interpolated values for the hue number

23、and saturation degree shall be obtained either by using table 2 and linear interpolation, or for greater accuracy, by cubic inter- polation as specified in table 1 3). See page 1. Richter, M, Untersuchungen zur Aufstellung eines empfindungsgemss gleichabstndigen Farbsystems (Tests for preparing a pe

24、rceived equidistant colour system) Zeitschrift fr wissenschaftliche Photographie For details and examples, see Witt, K. Beziehung zwischen der Kennzeichnung von Farbarten im Farb- system DIN 6164 und der im Normvalenzsystem (Relationship between identification of chromaticities in the colour system

25、specified in DIN 6164 and that in the standard colorimetric system). Farbe und Lack See DIN 5033 Part 3. The precise value of the factor 6,1723 is to be calcul- ated from - . 45 (1950), pp. 139-163. 85 (19791, pp. 459-463. 10 tg 41,7 2.4 Colours of different hue but the same darkness degree that app

26、ear to be equally saturated to an average observer are assigned the same saturation degree. The saturation degree S shall be calculated by using the experimentally determined curve for the saturation degree S = 6 from the following equation: where r = Jiu - 0,210512 + (u - 0,4737)2; il, u are the ch

27、romaticity coordinates in the chromaticity diagram of the CIE 1976 (L“, u*, u”) colour space4), which, for the present purpose are to be calculated from the chromaticity coordinates x, y, centered on standard illuminant D 65 (see DIN 5033 Part 7). using the follow- ing equations: The values x and y

28、are to be calculated from x, y as follows: 1.0522 0,1337 + 0,0816 + 0,9183 ,v 0.1337 + 0,0816 + 0,9183 The unit for the saturation distance r1 = - is derived from the re values applicable to the colours of the experimentally determined S = 6 saturation curve (see table 1). Note. This specification i

29、s based on the experimentally LI = 4/(-2 + 12 + 3); ZI = 9/(-2 + 12 + 3) (2) (3) x L L = . r6 6 observed fact that the saturation degrees give a linear scale on the hue radii in the chromaticity diagram for the CIE 1976 (L*, u*, u*) colour space 4). The graphical representation in figure 1 shows the

30、 hue radii for integral values of T and the saturation curves for integral values of S in the standard chromaticity diagram. See subclause 2.3 for interpolation of values for the saturation degree. 2.5 In the DIN colour system, the darkness degree D shall be used as a measure for the brightness of o

31、bject colours in relation to one another. The darkness degrees of a chromaticityl) shall be measured starting from the brightest possible object colour (i. e. the optimum colour of the chromaticities concerned) to which the darkness degree D = O is assigned. The darkness degree D shall be calculated

32、 from the luminous reflectance1)A (=Y in the standard colorimetric system) of the colour and the value AO (= YO) of the optimum colour of the same chromaticity 5): (4) This produces a scale with ten divisions for the complete range. Table 3 shows the relative luminance 1) factorA/AO for each one ten

33、th darkness degree. Note. The value of AO for any chromaticity can be A D= 10-6,17231g (40,7 -+ 1) AO obtained from a chromaticity diagram in which the lines of constant Ao are drawn. Interpolation shall take place between these lines (see figure 2). For greater accuracy, diagrams in which the lines

34、 for Ao from 1 to 1 are drawn in shall be used. Fluorescent object colours will give a negative darkness degree at A AO; this shows that, because of the fluorescence, they have a greater luminous reflectance than is possible for non- fluorescent object colours (see also table 3). ir 3 Determination

35、of the colour coordinates T, S, D of the DIN colour system 3.1 The colour coordinates T, S, D of the DIN colour system as specified in this standard apply to standard illuminant D 65. A supplement has been prepared to this standard speci- fying the T, S, D coordinates of the DIN colour system for st

36、andard illuminant C. Reference shall be made to the use of this standard illuminant in an additional note. 3.2 The colour coordinates T, S, D are referred in this standard to the CIE 1931 standard colorimetric 2“ observer (see DIN 5033 Part 2). They are therefore related to the standard colorimetric

37、 system (see DIN 5033 Part 2) applicable to such an observer by the values given in table 1. Specifications relating to the 10“ stand- ard colorimetric observer CIE 1964 are in preparation. 3.3 Unless otherwise specified, specifications of colour coordinates in accordance with the DIN colour system

38、apply to observation of the colour samples from a direction normal to the surface illuminated at an angle of 45“ to the normal (so-called 45“/0“ measurement geometry; see DIN 5033 Part 7). 3.4 The colour coordinates in accordance with the DIN colour system can be defined for any required object colo

39、ur by the standard colorimetric values X. Y, (see DIN 5033 Part 3) which in turn are determined by one of the precise methods for colour measurement (DIN 5033 Parts 4 to 7). Conversely, the standard colori- metric values X, Y, 2 can also be determined by the coiour coordinates T, S, D. 4 Coiour symb

40、ol and designation 4.1 described by the three colour coordinates T, S and D. In the absence of any further note, these apply under the conditions specified in clause 3 of this standard. Note. In order to avoid confusion, since the existing Preliminary Standard DIN 6164 Part 1 (May 1962) refers to st

41、andard illuminant C, in all cases the conditions (standard illuminant and standard observer) used as a reference for the colour co- ordinates shall be specified. 4.2 To ensure the shortest possible identification of a colour, the coiour coordinates T, S, D can be collated together to form a “colour

42、symbol“ consisting of the three coordinates T, S, D separated by colons. The colour symbol in accordance with DIN 6164 shall be as follows: This sequence shall always be used. Example showing designation of a colour of hue number T = 7, saturation degree S = 3 and darkness degree D = 2: Colour DIN 6

43、164 - 7 : 3 : 2 The colour symbol shall be read as follows: “Seven to three to two“. Because of the characteristic form of the colour symbol it is usually sufficient to state the numbers separated by colons (7 : 3 : 2 in the example) to make it clear that a colour identification in the DIN colour sy

44、stem is being stated. 4.3 The colour coordinates can be subdivided by decimal fractions (e.g. 7,5 : 3,O : 2,5). A finer subdivision than into units of 0,Ol would generally not be feasible. 4.4 A chromaticityl) has a colour symbol consisting of only the first two coordinates, e.g. 7 : 3. In the DIN c

45、olour system, an object colour shall be T:S:D DIN 6164 Part 1 Page 3 4.5 An achromatic colourl) has a colour symbol con- taining the letter N instead of the hue number T; the saturation degree here is S = O. (A grey of darkness degree 3 for example has the colour symbol N : O : 3). Perfect white the

46、refore has the colour symbol N : O : O and perfect black N : O : 10. In supplement 25 to DIN 6164 instead of the letter N a dash (-) is still used. 4.6 A colour area in which a colour lies (or shall or may lie) can be described by a colour symbol in which the limit numbers are indicated in brackets

47、separated by three points in each case (. . .). Example: (6 . 7) : (2. . . 3) : (1,5. . .2,5). This shall be read as: “Six through seven to two through three to one comma five through two comma five“. 5 Colour difference AE6164 The internal structure of the DIN colour system is such that it allows,

48、on the basis of the coordinates, to define a colour difference11 corresponding to the perceived colour difference using the following equation: ALtnlb4 = where AT, AS, AD are the differences in the three coordinates for two given object colours TI, SI, Dl and T2,S:!,D2, .e. AY- = T2 - T,. AS = S2-S1

49、, A LI = I2531 0,2429 0.2331 0,2237 0,2146 0.01 11 0,0098 0,0085 0.0073 0,0062 0,0050 0,0040 0,0029 0,001 9 0,0009 OTO 0.0847 0,0807 0,0768 0,073 1 0,0695 0,0661 0,0628 0,0596 0,0565 0,0535 0.0507 0.0479 0,0453 0,0427 0,0402 0,0379 0,0356 0,0334 0,03 1 3 0,0292 0,6810 0,6552 0,6303 0,6063 0,5832 0,5609 0,5395 0,5188 0,4989 0,4798 0,2058 O. 1974 O, 1893 0,1814 O, 1 739 O, 1 666 0,1596 O, 1529 O, 1464 0,1401 DIN 6164 Part 1 Page 13 Other standards DIN 5033 Part 1 DIN 5033 Part 2 DIN 5033 Part 3 DIN 5033 Part 4 DIN 5033 Part 5 DIN 5033 Part 6 DIN