1、DEUTSCHE NORM Mav 2001 Recommendations for welding of metallic materials Part 2: Arc welding of ferritic steels English version of DIN EN 1 O1 1-2 DIN - EN 1011-2 ICs 25.160.10 Supersedes DIN 8528-2, March 1975 edition. Schweien - Empfehlungen zum Schweien metallischer Werkstoffe - Teil 2: Lichtboge
2、nschweien von ferritischen Sthlen European Standard EN 1 O1 1-2 : 2001 has the status of a DIN Standard. A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword This standard has been prepared by CEN/TC 121 Welding, SC 4 Quality management in the field of welding. The responsible German body involv
3、ed in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Schweifechnik (Weld- ing Standards Committee), Technical Committee Grundlagen der Qualifafssicherung beim Schweien. DIN V 1738 is the standard corresponding to Technical Report CR IS0 15608 referred to in clause 2 of the EN. Amendments DIN 8528-2, March
4、1975 edition, has been superseded by the specifications of EN 1 O1 1-2. Previous edition DIN 8528-2: 1975-03. National Annex NA Standard referred to (and not included in Normative references) DIN V 1738 Welding -Guidelines for a metallic material grouping system (CR IS0 15608 : 2000) EN comprises 56
5、 pages. No pari of this standard may be reproduced without the prior permission of Ref. No. DIN EN 1 O1 1-2 : 2001 -0 Y Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany, s the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen). English price group 18 Sales
6、 No. 11 18 09.01 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 1011-2 January 2001 ICS25.160.10 English version Welding Part 2: Arc welding of ferritic steels Recommendations for welding of metallic materials Soudage - Recommandations pour le soudage des matriaux mtalliques - Partie 2: Soudag
7、e larc des aciers ferritiques ferritischen Sthlen Schweien - Empfehlungen zum Schweien metallischer Werkstoffe - Teil 2: Lichtbogenschweien von This European Standard was approved by CEN on 2000-07-06. CEN members are bound to comply with the CENKENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the condi
8、tions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national stand- ards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member. The European Standards exist in three o
9、fficial versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria,
10、 Belgium, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom. CEN European Committee for Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Europisches Komitee fr Normun
11、g Management Centre: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels O 2001. CEN - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national members. Ref. No. EN 1011-2 : 2001 E Page 2 EN 1 O1 1-2 : 2001 Contents Page Foreword 3 Introduction . 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
12、 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 Scope 4 Normative references 4 Terms and definitions 4 Symbols and abbreviations 5 Parent metal 6 Weldability factors . 6 Handling of welding consumables . 6 Weld details 6 Welds in holes or slots 7 Preparation of joint face 7 Alignment of butt welds before welding 8 Preheating
13、 . 8 Tack welds 8 Temporary attachments 8 Heat input 8 Welding procedure specification . 9 Identification . 9 Inspection and testing . 9 Correction of non-conforming welds . 9 Correction of distortion . 9 Post weld heat treatment 9 Annex A (informative) Possible detrimental phenomena resulting from
14、welding of steels. not covered by other annexes 10 Annex B (informative) Guidance on joint detail design (when there is no application standard) 11 Annex D (informative) Heat affected zone toughness and hardness 40 Annex C (informative) Avoidance of hydrogen cracking (also known as cold cracking) 13
15、 Annex E (informative) Avoidance of solidification cracking . 47 Annex F (informative) Avoidance of lamellar tearing 49 Annex G (informative) References in the annexes . 55 Annex ZA (informative) Clauses of this European Standard addressing essential requirements or other provisions of EU Directives
16、 56 Bibliography 56 Page 3 EN 1 O1 1-2 : 2001 Foreword This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CENTTC 121 “Welding“, the secretariat of which is held by DS. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or
17、by endorsement, at the latest by July 2001, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by July 2001. This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements
18、of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this standard. According to the CENKENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, B
19、elgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Page 4 EN 1 O1 1-2 : 2001 Introduction This European Standard supplements Part I. It is issued with several annexe
20、s in order that it can be extended to cover the different types of steel which are produced to all the European steel standards for ferritic steels (see clause 5). This standard gives general guidance for the satisfactory production and control of welds in ferritic steels. Details concerning the pos
21、sible detrimental phenomena which can occur are given with advice on methods by which they can be avoided. This standard is generally applicable to all ferritic steels and is appropriate regardless of the type of fabrication involved, although the application standard can have additional requirement
22、s. 1 Scope This European Standard gives guidance for manual, semi-mechanised, mechanised and automatic arc welding of ferritic steels (see clause 5), excluding ferritic stainless steels, in all product forms. 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, p
23、rovisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in
24、it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including amendments). EN 288-2: 1997, Specification and approval of welding procedures for metallic materials xx- Part 2: Welding procedure specification for arc welding EN 1 O1 1 -1 : 199
25、8, Welding - Recommendations for welding of metallic materials arc welding EN 29692, Metal-arc welding with covered electrode, gas-shielded metal-arc - welding and gas welding II Joint preparations for steel (IS0 9692: 1992) EN IS0 1391 6, Welding - Guidance for the measurement of preheating tempera
26、ture, interpass temperature and preheat maintenance temperature (IS0 139 7 6: 1996) Part 1: General guidance for CR IS0 1 5608, Welding . Guidelines for a metallic material grouping system (ISOTR 15608:2000) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this European Standard, the terms and definition
27、s listed in EN 1011-1:1998 and the following apply: 9-1 cooling time tus the time taken, during cooling, for a weld run and its heat affected zone to pass through the temperature range from 800 “C to 500 “C 32 run out length the length of a run produced by the melting of a covered electrode Page 5 E
28、N 1 O1 1-2 : 2001 SymboldAbbreviations CE CET D d dt F9 3.3 run out ratio R, the ratio of the run out length to the length of electrode consumed Terms Units Carbon equivalent (see C.2.1) % Carbon equivalent (see C.3.2) YO Diameter mm Thickness of plate mm Transition thickness mm Sham factor for two-
29、dimensional heat flow - 3“4 shape factor Fx describes the influence of the form of a weld on the cooling time f8,5. In the called F2 and in the case of three-dimensional heat flow it is called F3 Q I Heat mut a kJ/mm e tal5 Ti Tlll To TP Tt ucs h t f two-dimen Cooling time (from 800 OC to 500 OC) Me
30、lting time of an electrode Interpass temperature OC Preheat maintenance temperature “C Initial plate temperature “C Preheat temperature “C Impact transition temperature OC Unit of crack susceptibility - Thermal conductivity J/cm K s S S ion C I Specific heat capacity I he Jlkg K flow it is 3-5 three
31、-dimensional heat flow the heat introduced during welding which flows parallel and perpendicular to the plate surface 3.6 transition thickness dt plate thickness at which the transition from three-dimensional to two-dimensional heat flow takes place 3 -7 two-dimensional heat flow the heat introduced
32、 during welding which flows only parallel to the plate surface ia. preheat maintenance temperature Tm the minimum temperature in the weld zone which should be maintained if welding is interrupted 4 Symbols and abbreviations I I F? I ShaDe factor for three-dimensional heat flow I - I - I HAZ I Heat a
33、ffected zone I I - I R, I Run out ratio I I o I Densitv I ka/m3 I Page 6 EN 1 O1 1-2 : 2001 5 Parent metal This standard applies to ferritic steels excluding ferritic stainless steels. This includes steels referenced in groups 1 to 7 of CR IS0 15608. When ordering steel it may be necessary to specif
34、y requirements concerning weldability, which can involve specifying additional requirements to those given in the relevant steel standard. 6 Weldability factors The properties and the quality of welds are particularly influenced by the welding conditions. Thus, the following factors should be taken
35、into consideration: - Joint design; - Hydrogen induced cracking; - Toughness and hardness of the heat affected zone (HAZ); - Solidification cracking; - Lamellar tearing: - Corrosion. The mechanical and technological properties, in particular the hardness and toughness of the heat affected zone in a
36、narrowly delineated area, can be influenced to a greater or lesser degree, compared with the properties of the parent metal and depend on the welding conditions. Experience and tests indicate that not only the properties of the narrow affected zone of lower strength and better flexibility, but also
37、the load distribution effect of the tougher adjacent zones should be taken into account when assessing the ductility and safety against fracture of welded joints as this could affect the choice of steel. 7 Handling of welding concumables When special protection or other treatment during storage or i
38、mmediately prior to use is recommended by the consumable manufacturer, these consumables should be treated in accordance with the conditions detailed by the manufacturer. When drying or baking, consumables should be removed from their original containers. After removal from the oven, the consumablec
39、 should be protected from exposure to conditions conducive to moisture absorption. In the case of welding consumables that have been specially packaged, e.g. vacuum or other moisture resistance means, advice from the consumable manufacturer should be sought as to further steps required for drying an
40、d baking. If controlled hydrogen levels are required, it is recommended that welders be issued with electrodes in heated quivers or sealed containers. Drying ovens, e.g. for welding consumables, shall be provided with means of measuring the oven temperature. 8 Weld details 8.1 Butt welds Butt joints
41、 between paris of unequal cross-section should be made and subsequently shaped such that a severe stress concentration at the junction is avoided. Some examples of joint preparations for use with metal-arc welding with covered electrodes and gas-shielded metal-arc welding are given in EN 29692. Part
42、ial penetration butt joints may be permitted dependant on the design specification. Consideration should be given to the choice of weld preparation and welding consumables in order to achieve the specified throat thickness. Page 7 EN 1 O1 1-2 : 2001 Under fatigue conditions, partial penetration join
43、ts or the use of permanent backing material may be undesirable. Backing material may consist of another steel part of the structure when this is appropriate. When it is not appropriate to use part of the structure as backing material, the material to be used shall be such that detrimental effects on
44、 the structure are avoided and shall be agreed in the design specification. Care shall be taken when using copper as a backing material as there is a risk of copper pick-up in the weld metal. Where temporary or permanent backing material is employed, the joint shall be arranged in such a way as to e
45、nsure that complete fusion of the parts to be joined is readily achieved. Wherever the fabrication sequence allows, tack welds attaching permanent backing should be positioned for subsequent incorporation into the weld (see clause 14 of EN 1 O1 1-1 :1998). 8.2 Fillet welds Unless otherwise specified
46、, the edges and surfaces to be joined by fillet welding shall be in as close contact as possible since any gap may increase the risk of cracking. Unless otherwise specified, the gap shall not exceed 3 mm. Consideration shall be given to the need to increase the throat of the fillet weld to compensat
47、e for a large gap. Unless otherwise specified, welding should not starthtop near corners, instead, it should be continued around the corners. 9 Welds in holes or slots Due to the risk of cracking, holes or slots should not be filled with weld metal unless required by the design specification. Holes
48、or slots that are required to be filled with weld metal shall only be filled after the first run has been found to be acceptable (see also 8.4). 10 Preparation of joint face 10.1 General Any large notches or any other errors in joint geometry which might occur shall be corrected by applying a weld d
49、eposit according to an approved welding procedure. Subsequently, they shall be ground smooth and flush with the adjacent surface to produce an acceptable finish. Prefabrication primers (shop primers) may be left on the joint faces provided that it is demonstrated they do not adversely affect the welding. 10.2 Fusion faces When shearing is used, the effect of work hardening should be taken into account and precautions shall be taken to ensure that there is no cracking of the edges. Single- and double-U and single-J weld preparations usually have to be machined. In as
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