DIN EN 10247-2017 Micrographic examination of the non-metallic inclusion content of steels using standard pictures German version EN 10247 2017《使用标准图片对铁非金属夹杂物含量的显微图检验 德文版本EN 10247-.pdf

1、September 2017 English price group 26No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 77.040.99!%mtl“2748173www.din.

2、deDIN EN 10247Micrographic examination of the nonmetallic inclusion content of steels using standard pictures;English version EN 10247:2017,English translation of DIN EN 10247:2017-09Metallographische Prfung des Gehaltes nichtmetallischer Einschlsse in Sthlen mit Bildreihen;Englische Fassung EN 1024

3、7:2017,Englische bersetzung von DIN EN 10247:2017-09Dtermination micrographique de la teneur en inclusions nonmtalliques des aciers laide dimagestypes;Version anglaise EN 10247:2017,Traduction anglaise de DIN EN 10247:2017-09SupersedesDIN EN 10247:200707www.beuth.deDocument comprises 83 pagesDTransl

4、ation by DIN-Sprachendienst.In case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.08.17 DIN EN 10247:2017-09 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword This document (EN 10247:2017) has been prepared by Technical Committee ECISS/TC 101 “Test methods for ste

5、el (other than chemical analysis)” (Secretariat: AFNOR, France). The responsible German body involved was DIN-Normenausschuss Materialprfung (DIN Standards Committee Materials Testing), NA 062-01-31 GA “Joint working committee NMP/FES: Metallographical test methods”. For the International Standards

6、referred to there are no national standards available. Amendments This standard differs from DIN EN 10247:2007-07 as follows: a) the length to width limit ratio for globular inclusions has been changed from 1,3 to 3 (Annex I); b) the mathematical principles underlying the charts have been defined mo

7、re clearly; c) in Table 2 and Figure 11, many numerical changes have been made; d) the rules of assessment have been changed (3.1.2, Clause 4, Annex A and Annex B); e) the assessment and recording sheets have been redesigned to simplify manual use (Annexes K, L and M). Previous editions DIN V ENV 10

8、247: 1998-06 DIN EN 10247: 2007-07 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 10247 July 2017 ICS 77.040.99 Supersedes EN 10247:2007English Version Micrographic examination of the non-metallic inclusion content of steels using standard pictures Dtermination micrographique de la teneur en i

9、nclusions non-mtalliques des aciers laide dimages-types Metallographische Prfung des Gehaltes nichtmetallischer Einschlsse in Sthlen mit BildreihenThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 18 January 2017. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate

10、the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standa

11、rd exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the natio

12、nal standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serb

13、ia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2017 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by

14、any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 10247:2017 EEN 10247:2017 (E) 2 Contents Page European foreword . 5 Introduction 6 1 Scope 7 2 Normative references 7 3 Terms and definitions . 7 4 Symbols and abbreviations 10 5 Principles 12 6 Brief practical guide 13 6.1 Basic rul

15、es for evaluation 13 6.2 Evaluation according to the default rating methods . 14 7 Sampling 14 7.1 General . 14 7.2 Degree of reduction . 15 7.3 Size and location of test area . 15 7.4 Number of specimens . 15 7.5 Preparation of specimens . 16 8 Test method . 16 8.1 Magnification . 16 8.2 Microscope

16、 settings for image analysis and manual analysis . 16 8.3 Field of view . 17 8.4 Definition of the pictures of the chart . 17 8.4.1 Size and Shape . 17 8.4.2 Parameters . 17 8.4.3 Arrangement of the pictures 17 8.5 Procedure 18 8.5.1 General . 18 8.5.2 Several inclusions of mixed sizes in one field

17、18 8.5.3 Scanning 18 8.5.4 Assessment and evaluation 19 8.5.5 Evaluation of different types of inclusions . 19 8.5.6 Recording of results 19 9 Types of assessment 19 9.1 Worst inclusion method: method P . 19 9.1.1 Principle 19 9.1.2 Evaluation of PL(worst length) 20 9.1.3 Evaluation of Pd(worst diam

18、eter). 20 9.1.4 Evaluation of Pa(worst area) 20 9.2 Worst field method: method M 20 9.2.1 Principle 20 9.2.2 Evaluation of Mn(rating according to number) . 20 9.2.3 Evaluation of ML(rating according to length) . 20 DIN EN 10247:2017-09 EN 10247:2017 (E) 3 9.2.4 Evaluation of Md(rating according to d

19、iameter) 20 9.2.5 Evaluation of Ma(rating according to area) . 21 9.3 Average field method: method K . 21 9.3.1 Principle . 21 9.3.2 Scanning of a specimen for average field assessment . 21 9.3.3 Evaluation 21 9.3.4 Evaluation of Kn, KLfor elongated and Kn, Kdfor globular inclusions. 21 9.3.5 Evalua

20、tion of Knand Ka22 10 Test report 22 Annex A (normative) Type of inclusions . 34 Annex B (normative) Parameters and assessments to be used if not otherwise specified 37 Annex C (informative) Examples for inclusions of different types 38 Annex D (informative) Shape factor . 42 Annex E (informative) E

21、xamples for magnification 43 Annex F (informative) Details of the eyepiece graticules . 45 Annex G (normative) Manufacturing specifications of the eyepiece graticule 46 G.1 General . 46 G.2 Narrow field microscopes 46 G.3 Broad field microscopes . 48 Annex H (normative) Calculation basis for the pic

22、tures of the chart . 50 Annex I (normative) Rules for classification . 52 I.1 Definition of classes . 52 I.2 Classification of length 52 I.3 Classification of width . 52 I.4 Classification of diameter 52 Annex J (informative) Comparison of inclusion types in different standards . 53 Annex K (informa

23、tive) Worst inclusion assessment . 54 Annex L (informative) Worst field assessment . 58 L.1 General . 58 L.2 Evaluation of Mn58 L.3 Evaluation of Mn, MLand Md58 L.4 Evaluation of Mnand Ma58 Annex M (informative) Average field assessment . 62 M.1 General . 62 M.2 Evaluation of Kn, KLand Kd. 62 M.3 Ev

24、aluation of Knand Ka. 62 M.4 Restricted assessment 62 DIN EN 10247:2017-09 EN 10247:2017 (E) 4 Annex N (normative) Calculation basis for the assessment . 74 N.1 Worst inclusion assessment . 74 N.2 Worst field assessment 74 N.3 Average field 75 Annex O (informative) Edge Errors correction 77 O.1 Gene

25、ral . 77 O.2 Measurement . 77 O.3 Large inclusions 77 Annex P (normative) Calculation of average values of parameters for one class 79 Annex Q (normative) Average values of parameters . 80 Bibliography . 81 DIN EN 10247:2017-09 EN 10247:2017 (E) 5 European foreword This document (EN 10247:2017) has

26、been prepared by Technical Committee ECISS/TC 101 “Test methods for steel (other than chemical analysis)”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest b

27、y January 2018, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by January 2018. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

28、This document supersedes EN 10247:2007. The many changes in the current revision result from only a few basic adjustments. The length to width limit ratio for globular inclusions has been changed from 1,3 to 3 (Annex I), and the mathematical principles underlying the chart have been more clearly def

29、ined (Annex H). These two changes have led to many numerical changes in Table 2 and Figure 11, where moreover some classes have been deleted and others added. The rules of assessment have changed, most notably to allow stringer formation from two particles upward (Subclause 3.1.2, Annex B), to exclu

30、de stringer formation between a stringer and a single particle (Subclause 3.1.2), and to consistently define the classification of inclusions by shape, arrangement, and colour (Clause 3, Annexes A and B). Finally, the assessment and recording sheets have been redesigned to simplify manual use (Annex

31、es K, L, and M). According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Maced

32、onia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. DIN EN 10247:2017-09 EN 10247:2017 (E) 6 Introduction This doc

33、ument establishes procedures for the assessment of inclusions in steels, based on their morphology using standard pictures. These procedures include principles that yield results coherent with consolidated individual inclusion measurements and expressed in physical units. The chart of standard pictu

34、res is derived from mathematical principles. In distinction to other inclusion rating standards, in this standard the order of the classification begins with the length (row index q). The results may be directly computed from field assessments. The same precision level is achieved by using the same

35、method in manual evaluation and computer controlled measurements. The results are in physical units: length in m/mm2, number/mm2, areas in m2/mm2. DIN EN 10247:2017-09 EN 10247:2017 (E) 7 1 Scope This European Standard defines a method of microscopic non-metallic endogenous inclusion assessment usin

36、g picture charts. The method does not apply to particles of a length or diameter less than 3,0 m or a width smaller than 2,0 m. If defined by a product standard or agreement between the involved parties for certain special products, inclusions with a width below 2,0 m can be evaluated by length alon

37、e. Inclusions with dimensions exceeding the upper limits in Table 2 are evaluated as belonging to the maximum class and noted separately with their true dimensions (see 8.5.6). It is assumed, if particles are elongated or if there are stringers of particles, that they are parallel to each other. Oth

38、er arrangements are not covered by this draft standard . This draft European Standardapplies to samples with a microscopic precipitation approaching random distribution. From the data of measurements obtained by this method, evaluation according to other standards can be established. This draft Euro

39、pean Standard does not apply to free cutting steels. NOTE The basic principle of this draft European Standard allows the determination of non-metallic inclusioncontent by image analysis techniques. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in thi

40、s document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN ISO/IEC 17025, General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration l

41、aboratories (ISO/IEC 17025) ISO 9042, Steels Manual point counting method for statistically estimating the volume fraction of a constituent with a point grid 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 General: 3.1.1 particle single preci

42、pitate, in general non-metallic 3.1.2 stringer arrangement of at least 2 particles, normally aligned, that meet the proximity conditions e 40 m and t 10 m Note 1 to entry: For formation of stringers particles with L w2; see Figure 4 a). Case b) two stringers for which e 200) as an approximate normal

43、 distribution. Everything outside this matrix normal distribution in the direction of gray level 0 (black) DIN EN 10247:2017-09 EN 10247:2017 (E) 17 should be considered as particles. In the case of the distinction between gray and black particles, this area may again be divided. As a general rule,

44、black is defined as the range from 0 - 130 and gray as the range from 131 to about 180. These ranges are not absolute or normative. The segmentation should be checked in the gray scale image. The flicker method is a recognized method for this purpose. Colour image analyses should be handled similarl

45、y. 8.3 Field of view At a magnification corresponding to H = 710 m the square frame is given by an etched glass in the eyepiece graticule, as defined in Figure 9. For broad field microscopes, the etched glass defined in Figure 10 may be used. Additional information is drawn on the etched glass (see

46、Annex F), and information concerning the manufacturing of the graticules is given in Annex G. One scale unit in the eyepiece is 10 m for H = 710 m. The correct value shall be checked by calibration. When analyzing images the field of view can take up the entire image area of the camera when applying

47、 the analyzing method K (see 9.3). If this is the case, an appropriate margin correction shall be provided. 8.4 Definition of the pictures of the chart 8.4.1 Size and Shape The shape of the inclusions is assumed to be an ellipse, see Figures 1 and 2. From this ideal shape the actual pictures are dra

48、wn to have an appearance as realistic as possible with a variation of size and shape (see Figure 11). NOTE Small inclusions are only visible in pictures of original size in the official chart, but not in Figure 11. 8.4.2 Parameters Inclusions can be described using the parameters number n, length L,

49、 width w, and area a. The parameters n, L, and w are measured or estimated directly, whereas a is calculated using the data in Table 2. 8.4.3 Arrangement of the pictures The pictures of the chart are arranged in horizontal rows q and vertical columns k (see Figure 11). Columns 1 to 5 contain ellipses with different widths representing elongated inclusions. Column 6 utilizes circles for describing globular inclusions. Columns 7 to 11 present globular particles arr