DIN EN 10330-2015 Magnetic materials - Method of measurement of the coercivity of magnetic materials in an open magnetic circuit German version EN 10330 2015《磁性材料 开口磁路中磁性材料矫顽力的测量方法.pdf

1、November 2015 English price group 9No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 29.030!%G(O“2360544www.din.deDIN

2、 EN 10330Magnetic materials Method of measurement of the coercivity of magnetic materials in an open magnetic circuit;English version EN 10330:2015,English translation of DIN EN 10330:2015-11Magnetische Werkstoffe Verfahren zur Messung der Koerzivitt magnetischer Werkstoffe in einem offenen Magnetkr

3、eis;Englische Fassung EN 10330:2015,Englische bersetzung von DIN EN 10330:2015-11Matriaux magntiques Mthode de mesure du champ coercitif des matriaux magntiques en circuit magntique ouvert;Version anglaise EN 10330:2015,Traduction anglaise de DIN EN 10330:2015-11SupersedesDIN EN 10330:2003-09www.beu

4、th.deDTranslation by DIN-Sprachendienst.In case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.Document comprises 13 pages 09.15 DIN EN 10330:2015-11 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword This document (EN 10330:2015) has been prepared by Technical Comm

5、ittee ECISS/TC 108 “Steel sheet and strip for electrical applications” (Secretariat: DIN, Germany) of the European Committee for Iron and Steel Standardization (ECISS). The responsible German bodies involved in its preparation were the DIN-Normenausschuss Eisen und Stahl (DIN Standards Committee Iro

6、n and Steel) and the DKE Deutsche Kommission Elektrotechnik Elektronik Informationstechnik im DIN und VDE (German Commission for Electrical, Electronic and Information Technologies of DIN and VDE), Joint Working Committee NA 021-00-07 GA Elektroblech. Amendments This standard differs from DIN EN 103

7、30:2003-09 as follows: a) normative references have been updated; b) Clause 4 “Principle” has been revised; c) in 6.1 a new note has been included. Previous editions DIN IEC 60404-7: 1985-02 DIN EN 10330: 2003-09 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 10330 August 2015 ICS 29.030 Super

8、sedes EN 10330:2003English Version Magnetic materials - Method of measurement of the coercivity of magnetic materials in an open magnetic circuit Matriaux magntiques - Mthode de mesure du champ coercitif des matriaux magntiques en circuit magntique ouvert Magnetische Werkstoffe - Verfahren zur Messu

9、ng der Koerzivitt magnetischer Werkstoffe in einem offenen Magnetkreis This European Standard was approved by CEN on 23 July 2015. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national stand

10、ard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in an

11、y other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Repu

12、blic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN

13、 COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2015 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 10330:2015 EEN 10330

14、:2015 (E) 2 Contents Page European foreword . 3 1 Scope 4 2 Normative references 4 3 Terms and definitions . 4 4 Principle 5 5 Test specimen 5 6 Measurement 5 6.1 Magnetization . 5 6.2 Measuring devices . 6 6.2.1 General 6 6.2.2 Method A . 6 6.2.3 Method B . 6 6.3 Determination of coercivity 6 6.4 R

15、eproducibility . 7 7 Test report 7 Annex A (normative) Precautions to be taken for measurements of coercivity below 40 A/m and above 160 kA/m . 10 A.1 Coercivities below 40 A/m 10 A.2 Coercivities above 160 kA/m 10 Bibliography 11 DIN EN 10330:2015-11 EN 10330:2015 (E) 3 European foreword This docum

16、ent (EN 10330:2015) has been prepared by Technical Committee ECISS/TC 108 “Steel sheet and strip for electrical applications”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsemen

17、t, at the latest by February 2016, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 2016. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identify

18、ing any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 10330:2003. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, De

19、nmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. DIN EN 10330

20、:2015-11 EN 10330:2015 (E) 4 1 Scope This European Standard specifies the method of measurement of the coercivity of magnetic materials in an open magnetic circuit. It applies to magnetic materials having a coercivity up to 500 kA/m. Special precautions to take in measuring coercivities below 40 A/m

21、 and above 160 kA/m are given in Annex A. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of th

22、e referenced document (including any amendments) applies. IEC 60050-121, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary Part 121: Electromagnetism IEC 60050-221, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary Part 221: Magnetic materials and components 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document

23、, the terms and definitions given in IEC 60050-121 and IEC 60050-221 and the following apply. 3.1 coercivity HcJmagnetic field strength required to reduce the magnetic polarization to zero in a magnetic specimen which has previously been magnetized to saturation Note 1 to entry: The coercivities HcB

24、and HcJare respectively discriminated depending on the hysteresis loop being defined in the B = f(H), or J = f(H) system (see Figure 1). It can be shown that, for materials of high-incremental permeability in the region B = 0, the difference between the intrinsic coercivity HcJand the coercivity HcB

25、is negligible since: =BHHH0cJcB1 where HcBis the induction coercivity, in amperes per metre; HcJis the polarization coercivity, in amperes per metre; B is the incremental change in magnetic flux density, in tesla (for B = 0); H is the corresponding change in magnetic field strength, in amperes per m

26、etre; 0is the magnetic constant = 4 x 10-7H/m (henrys per metre). DIN EN 10330:2015-11 EN 10330:2015 (E) 5 4 Principle If a magnetic specimen is placed in a uniform magnetic field then it will distort this magnetic field unless no flux (additional to that previously carried by the air space it now o

27、ccupies) enters or emerges from it. This condition represents a state of complete demagnetization, which occurs when a demagnetizing coercive magnetic field strength is applied to the specimen such that the magnetic polarization is zero. A magnetic flux detector allows detection of the condition of

28、no distortion of a uniform magnetic field by the specimen and provides the means for determining the coercive field strength. The method is firstly to magnetize the specimen to saturation, and then reduce the magnetizing field to zero before applying a demagnetizing field until no field distortion d

29、ue to the specimen is apparent. The applied magnetic field strength required to achieve this condition is measured and defined as the coercivity of that specimen. For this measurement, the specimen is placed in an open magnetic circuit at the centre of a solenoid. The detector may be placed: a) clos

30、e to the end of the specimen (method A, Figure 2); or b) outside the solenoid (method B, Figure 3). 5 Test specimen The shape and the dimensions of the specimen can be varied provided that they meet the following conditions: a) the specimen can be placed inside the solenoid so that its major axis is

31、 coincident with the axis of the solenoid; b) the specimen shall have a generally elongated shape so that its self-demagnetizing factor is such that the specimen can be saturated and the shape effects do not produce a significant error in coercivity. (For example, in the case of cylindrical test spe

32、cimens, it is recommended to have a ratio of length to diameter greater than 5:1). 6 Measurement 6.1 Magnetization The test specimen is magnetized to saturation in either: a) the solenoid of the coercivity measuring device, or b) a separate device which can be, for example, a system with a permanent

33、 magnet or an electromagnet, or a pulsed magnetizing coil. Saturation is considered to be achieved when an increase of 50 % in the magnetizing field strength gives an increase in the coercive field strength of less than 1 %. For magnetic materials having a low coercivity and a high electrical conduc

34、tivity, the application of the magnetizing field shall be made smoothly without interruption; the duration of the saturation field shall be long enough to ensure complete penetration of the material. (Depending on the magnetic permeability, electrical conductivity and thickness of the material, this

35、 duration will usually be between 2 s and 20 s). See also item a) in A.2. NOTE These materials also require the magnetizing field to be reduced to zero smoothly and without interruption to avoid partial demagnetization of the test specimen before the demagnetizing field is applied. If this procedure

36、 is not followed, the DIN EN 10330:2015-11 EN 10330:2015 (E)6 coercivity result may be lower than the true value. (Coercivity measurements may be repeated with increasing times for reducing the magnetizing field until a maximum value of coercivity is obtained. A time of up to 60 s may be required fo

37、r very low coercivity materials.). See 1. 6.2 Measuring devices 6.2.1 General Two methods can be used for the detection of zero magnetic polarization of the test specimen during the demagnetization: 6.2.2 Method A This method is based on the use of: a) either an axially vibrating search coil placed

38、near the end of the test specimen (Figure 2). The point at which zero alternating voltage, induced in the search coil by the polarization of the test specimen, is detected (e.g. on an oscilloscope); or b) a magnetic flux sensing probe (e.g. Hall or fluxgate probe) placed near the test specimen with

39、its measurement axis normal to the axis of the solenoid (Figure 2). The probe shall be positioned off the axis of the solenoid to give good sensitivity. 6.2.3 Method B This method is based on the use of two differential magnetic flux sensing probes (e.g. Hall or fluxgate probes) placed outside the s

40、olenoid (Figure 3). By this differential method, the influence of uniform external magnetic fields is amply compensated. 6.3 Determination of coercivity The solenoid, in which the test specimen is placed, shall be connected to a d.c. supply. The demagnetizing current through the solenoid shall be in

41、creased continuously and slowly to the point at which zero polarization of the test specimen is detected. The value of this demagnetizing current shall be measured with an ammeter of accuracy class 0.5 or by means of a digital voltmeter connected across a standard resistor (Figure 4) giving an equiv

42、alent accuracy. The magnetic field strength in the solenoid over the volume of the sample shall not vary by more than 0,5 %. The current shall be measured for each of the two directions of the demagnetizing field of the solenoid. The value of the coercivity shall be calculated from the relationship:

43、 HcJ= k I where HcJis the coercivity, in amperes per metre; I is the mean value of the two currents of opposite polarity, in amperes; K is the magnetic field strength to current ratio for the solenoid, in reciprocal metre. DIN EN 10330:2015-11 EN 10330:2015 (E) 7 When method A is used, the measureme

44、nt shall be made for each end of the specimen, the value of the coercivity being taken as the mean of the two measurements. For materials having a coercivity greater than 500 A/m, it is not necessary to make measurements for two directions of the magnetic field. NOTE Method A is a localized measurem

45、ent whereas method B is an integrated measurement. Therefore, the results may not be the same for an inhomogeneous test specimen. 6.4 Reproducibility Provided the foregoing procedures are carried out and the material has a uniform magnetic polarization, the reproducibility (agreement between differe

46、nt laboratories) of the determination of the coercivity normally expected is less than or equal to 5 % for coercivities less than 40 A/m and 2 % for coercivities greater than 40 A/m. However, this reproducibility may be affected by non-uniform properties and shape of the test specimen. 7 Test report

47、 The test report shall contain, as necessary: a) type and condition of the material; b) the shape and dimensions of the test specimen; c) the method of magnetization to saturation; d) the measuring method and device used; e) the calculated value of the coercivity, HcJ; f) the test temperature. Figur

48、e 1 Hysteresis loop DIN EN 10330:2015-11 EN 10330:2015 (E) 8 Key 1 solenoid 2 test specimen 3 flux sensing probe (e.g. Hall or fluxgate probe) mounted off the axis 4 vibrating search coil Figure 2 Method A Key 1 solenoid 2 test specimen 3 differential probes (e.g. Hall or fluxgate probes) Figure 3 M

49、ethod B DINEN 10330:2015-11EN 10330:2015(E)9 Key 1 solenoid 2 magnetizing current source E variable d.c. supply A current measuring device S1changeover switch S2reversing switch Figure 4 Magnetizing and demagnetizing circuit DINEN 10330:2015-11EN 10330:2015(E)10 Annex A (normative) Precautions to be taken for measurements of coercivity below 40 A/m and above 160 kA/m A.1 Coercivities below 40 A/m For materials having a coercivity below 40 A/m, the foll