1、November 2014 Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 11No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).I
2、CS 27.060.30; 27.200!%$“2270195www.din.deDDIN EN 1048Heat exchangers Air cooled liquid coolers (dry coolers) Test procedures for establishing the performance;English version EN 1048:2014,English translation of DIN EN 1048:2014-11Wrmebertrager Luftgekhlte Flssigkeitskhler (Trockenkhltrme) Prfverfahre
3、n zur Leistungsfeststellung;Englische Fassung EN 1048:2014,Englische bersetzung von DIN EN 1048:2014-11Echangeurs thermiques Refroidisseurs de liquide convection force (arorfrigrant sec) Procdures dessai pour la dtermination de la performance;Version anglaise EN 1048:2014,Traduction anglaise de DIN
4、EN 1048:2014-11SupersedesDIN EN 1048:1998-11www.beuth.deDocument comprises 20 pagesIn case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.10.14DIN EN 1048:2014-11 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword This document (EN 1048:2014) has been prepared by Te
5、chnical Committee CEN/TC 110 “Heat exchangers” (Secretariat: DIN, Germany). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the DIN-Normenausschuss Kltetechnik (DIN Standards Committee Refrigeration Technology), Working Committee NA 044-00-11 AA Klte-Apparate. Amendments This standard di
6、ffers from DIN EN 1048:1998-11 as follows: a) Clause 3 “Terms and definitions” has been revised; b) the standard has been brought in line with the state of the art. Previous editions DIN 8970: 1981-03 DIN V ENV 1048: 1994-02 DIN EN 1048: 1998-11 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 1
7、048 August 2014 ICS 27.060.30; 27.200 Supersedes EN 1048:1998English Version Heat exchangers - Air cooled liquid coolers ( dry coolers ) - Test procedures for establishing the performance Echangeurs thermiques - Refroidisseurs de liquide convection force ( arorfrigrant sec ) - Procdures dessai pour
8、la dtermination de la performance Wrmebertrager - Luftgekhlte Flssigkeitskhler ( Trockenkhltrme ) - Prfverfahren zur Leistungsfeststellung This European Standard was approved by CEN on 22 May 2014. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditio
9、ns for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in
10、 three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standard
11、s bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Sloven
12、ia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved w
13、orldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 1048:2014 E EN 1048:2014 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 3 Introduction .4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Terms and definitions .5 4 Symbols 6 4.1 Letters .7 4.2 Superscripts .7 5 Standard capacity 8 5.1 Basis for standard capacity date .8 5.2 Standa
14、rd conditions for dry cooler capacity 8 5.3 Operating conditions for the nominal air flow 8 6 Manufacturers data .8 7 Measurements 9 7.1 Uncertainty of measurement 9 7.2 Measurement criteria 10 8 Testing methods and equipment 11 8.1 General . 11 8.2 Test principals . 11 8.3 Testing equipment 11 9 Te
15、st procedure 12 9.1 Physical arrangement 12 9.2 Capacity measurements 12 9.3 Measurement of air flow rate and fan capacity 13 10 Capacity calculations . 13 11 Conversion to standard conditions 14 11.1 Capacity . 14 11.2 Liquid side pressure drop 14 11.3 Nominal air flow 15 11.4 Nominal fan power con
16、sumption 15 12 Test report . 16 Annex A (normative) Flow meter method . 17 Bibliography . 18 DIN EN 1048:2014-11 EN 1048:2014 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 1048:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 110 “Heat exchangers”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Stan
17、dard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2015, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 2015. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements o
18、f this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 1048:1998. The main changes with respect to the previous edition are listed below: a) Clause 3 “Terms and definitions” is m
19、odified; b) The revised standard takes into account the current state of the art. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Repub
20、lic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. DIN E
21、N 1048:2014-11 EN 1048:2014 (E) 4 Introduction This European Standard is one of a series of European Standards dedicated to heat exchangers. DIN EN 1048:2014-11 EN 1048:2014 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard applies to remote forced convection air cooled liquid coolers, within which no change in
22、the liquid phase occurs. This European Standard does not apply to liquid coolers, designed primarily for installation within the machinery compartment of packaged products. Its purpose is to establish uniform methods to test and ascertain the following: Product identification; Capacity; Air flow rat
23、e; Liquid side pressure drop; Energy requirements. This European Standard does not cover technical safety aspects. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only th
24、e edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN ISO/IEC 17025, General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories (ISO/IEC 17025) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this docume
25、nt, the following terms and definitions apply: 3.1 forced convection air cooled liquid cooler: “dry cooler” self contained system, that cools a single phase liquid by rejecting sensible heat via a heat exchanger to air that is mechanically circulated by integral fan(s) Note 1 to entry: In the follow
26、ing, “forced convection air cooled liquid cooler” is referred to as “dry cooler”. 3.2 liquid working fluid circulated through the cooling system, which remains in liquid phase during the absorption and rejection of heat during the test Note 1 to entry: The liquid can be any fluid which can be define
27、d and that has known physical properties. 3.3 capacity cooling effect on the liquid passing though the dry cooler Note 1 to entry: It is defined as the product of the liquid mass flow rate and the difference between the enthalpies at the inlet and outlet connections of the dry cooler. DIN EN 1048:20
28、14-11 EN 1048:2014 (E) 6 3.4 temperatures Note 1 to entry: All temperatures are average values ascertained over the measuring period. 3.4.1 air inlet temperature average dry bulb temperature of the air at the inlet of the dry cooler, taking into consideration the local air velocities 3.4.2 liquid in
29、let temperature average temperature of the liquid at the inlet connection of the dry cooler, taking into consideration the local liquid velocities 3.4.3 liquid outlet temperature average temperature of the liquid at the outlet connection of the dry cooler, taking into consideration the local liquid
30、velocities 3.5 temperature differences 3.5.1 inlet temperature difference difference between the liquid inlet temperature and air inlet temperature of the dry cooler 3.5.2 liquid temperature difference difference between the liquid inlet and liquid outlet temperatures of the dry cooler 3.6 liquid pr
31、essure 3.6.1 liquid inlet pressure static pressure of the liquid at the inlet connection of the dry cooler 3.6.2 liquid outlet pressure average static pressure of the liquid at the outlet connection of the dry cooler 3.6.3 liquid pressure difference difference between the liquid inlet pressure and t
32、he liquid outlet pressure 3.7 rotational speed of the fans average rotational speed of all fans 3.8 heat transfer surface (air side) whole external surface of the coil which is exposed to the air flow passing through the dry cooler 4 Symbols For the purposes of this document the following apply: DIN
33、 EN 1048:2014-11 EN 1048:2014 (E) 7 4.1 Letters Table 1 Letters cpASpecific heat capacity of the air kJ/(kg K) cpLSpecific heat capacity of the liquid, at the mean temperature within the dry cooler kJ/(kg K) n1Rotational speed of the fans, measured during the capacity test min1n2Rotational speed of
34、the fans, measured during the air volume flow test min1P Capacity kW PfanElectrical power of the fan(s) kW pL1Liquid inlet pressure bar pL2Liquid outlet pressure bar patmAtmospheric pressure hPa pLLiquid pressure difference bar qmLMass flow rate of the liquid kg/s qvAVolumetric flow rate of the air
35、m3/s qvLVolumetric flow rate of the liquid m3/s A Density of the air kg/m3L Density of the liquid at temperature tL3kg/m3tA1Air inlet temperature C tL1Liquid inlet temperature C tL2Liquid outlet temperature C tL3Liquid temperature at flow meter C t1Inlet temperature difference K tLLiquid temperature
36、 difference K Test duration s 4.2 Superscripts )/( ba refers to the test sequence, )(aabove and )(bbelow the standard conditions. )(st refers to standard conditions. DIN EN 1048:2014-11 EN 1048:2014 (E) 8 5 Standard capacity 5.1 Basis for standard capacity date 5.1.1 The capacity of the dry cooler i
37、s dependent on a) Inlet and liquid temperature difference; b) Mass flow of air and liquid; c) Type of liquid and its temperature; d) Mounting of unit. The complex relationship that exists between these items and the capacity, means that it is not possible, with sufficient accuracy, to generalize thi
38、s relationship over widely varying operating condition. 5.1.2 As dry coolers are usually designed to meet specific sets of operating conditions, this standard specifies a) An acceptable test method which can be applied to any prescribed set of operating conditions; b) A standard capacity operating c
39、ondition, which can be used for comparison purposes. 5.2 Standard conditions for dry cooler capacity Standard capacity shall be based on tests performed on a clean dry cooler under the following operating conditions: Liquid type Water )(1stAt 25 C )(1stt 15 K )(stLt 5 K ()statmp 1013,25 h Pa The nom
40、inal electrical voltage, frequency and phase shall be as specified by the manufacturer. 5.3 Operating conditions for the nominal air flow The nominal air volume air flow rate refers to an air temperature of + 20 C and an ambient pressure of 1013,25 hPa. NOTE The air volume flow is not influenced by
41、the temperature or the atmospheric pressure if the fan speed is constant. 6 Manufacturers data To identify the dry cooler and allow its traceability, the manufacturer or supplier shall supply the test house with the following minimum information for every dry cooler: a) manufacturers identification;
42、 DIN EN 1048:2014-11 EN 1048:2014 (E) 9 b) model designation of unit; c) model designation of fan; d) rating of the fan motor(s) according to EN 60034-1; e) standard capacity for the standard conditions in the range of application, stating the liquid used; f) nominal air flow; g) nominal fan power;
43、h) nominal voltage and frequency; i) total heat transfer surface (air side); j) fin pitch and thickness; k) tube outside diameter and internal enhancement; l) tube pattern; m) circuiting arrangement; n) internal volume including headers; o) installation instructions; p) maximum permissible operating
44、 pressure PS; q) liquid pressure drop. 7 Measurements 7.1 Uncertainty of measurement The permissible uncertainty for various parameters is given in Table 2. DIN EN 1048:2014-11 EN 1048:2014 (E) 10 Table 2 Uncertainty of measurement Measured quantity Unit Uncertainty of measurement Temperatures Air a
45、nd liquid Liquid temperature difference C K 0,2 K 0,1 K Pressures Atmospheric Liquid, differential pressure kPa kPa 5 hPa 1 % of the reading or 0,02 bar, the higher value applies Liquid flow rate m3/s 1 % Electrical quantities (fans) Electrical power input W 1 % or at least 1 W Current A 0,5 % Volta
46、ge V 0,5 % Frequency Hz 0,5 % Number of revolutions min11 % 7.2 Measurement criteria 7.2.1 Temperature measuring pints, liquid side a) Where the temperatures are measured by sensors immersed in the connecting pipes, it shall be ensured temperature stratification and flow patterns do not influence th
47、e accuracy of the measurements; b) Where the temperatures are measured on the outside of the connecting pipes, they shall be measured at two opposite pints of the same cross section and, if the pipe is horizontal, there shall be one point above and one below. The connecting pipes shall be insulated
48、from the dry cooler for a distance of at least 10 times the outside diameter beyond the temperature measuring pints. Good thermal contact between the sensor and the pipe at the measuring pint shall be ensured. a) is the preferred method. The liquid temperatures shall be measured as close as possible
49、 to the dry cooler connections and in any case within 15 times the outside diameter of the connecting pipe. 7.2.2 The measuring points, air side The air temperature shall be measured in the centre of equal sections of the heat exchanger face area. These sections shall be no larger than 0,2 m2and be square if possible. There shall be a minimum of four sections. Additional sensors shall be placed along the edges of the inlet area. Temperature sensing elemen
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