1、Tests for mechanical and physical properties of aggregates Part 3: Determination of loose bulk density and voids English version of DIN EN 1097-3 ICs 91.1 00.20 DIN - EN 1097-3 Supersedes DIN 521 1 O, August 1985 edition. Descriptors: Aggregates, testing, mechanical properties, physical properties.
2、Prfverfahren fr mechanische und physikalische Eigenschaften von Gesteinskrnungen - Teil 3: Bestimmung von Schttdichte und Hohlraumgehalt European Standard EN 1097-3 : 1998 has the status of a DIN Standard. A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword This standard has been prepared by CE
3、N/TC 154. The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschu Materialprfung (Materials Testing Standards Committee), Technical Committee Prfung von Naturstein und Gesteinskrnungen. Amendments DIN 521 1 O, August 1985 edition, has been superseded by the specifications of EN
4、 1097-3. Previous edition DIN DVM 2110 =DIN 52110: 1935-03; DIN 52110: 1985-08. EN comprises 13 pages. No pari of this standard may be reproduced without the prior permission of V Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. buth Verlag GmbH, D-10772 Berlin, has the exclusive right of sale for Germa
5、n Standards (DIN-Normen). Ref. No. DIN EN 1097-3 : 1998-0 English price group 07 Sales No. 1107 09.98 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 1097-3 April 1998 ICs 91.1 00.20 Descriptors: Aggregates, testing, mechanical properties, physical properties. English version Tests for mechanic
6、al and physical properties of aggregates Part 3: Determination of loose bulk density and voids Essais pour dterminer les caractris- tiques mcaniques et physiques des granulats - Partie 3: Mthode pour la dtermination de la masse volumique en vrac et de la porosit inter- granulaire Prfverfahren fr mec
7、hanische und physikalische Eigenschaften von Gesteinskrnungen - Teil 3: Bestim- mung von Schttdichte und Hohl- raumgehalt This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1998-02-25. CEN members are bound to comply with the CENKENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
8、European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. The European Standards exist in three official versions (Engl
9、ish, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, the Czech
10、Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom. CEN European Committee for Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Europisches Komitee fr Normung Central Secretaria
11、t: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels O 1998. CEN - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national members. Ref. No. EN 1097-3 : 1998 E Page 2 EN 1097-3 : 1998 Contents Page Foreword Scope Normative references Definitions Principie Apparatus Preparation
12、of test specimens Procedure Calculation and expression of results Test report Annex A (normative) AMeX B (normative) AMeX C (informative) Precision Annex D (informative) Other conditions of bulk density Annex E (informative) Bibliography Method for the determination of the apparent Pulk) density of
13、filler in kerosene Calibration of container 3 8 10 11 12 13 Page 3 EN 1097-3 : 1998 Foreword This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 154 “Aggregates“, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard forms part of a series of tests for mechanical and phy
14、sical properties of aggregates. Test methods for other properties of aggregates will be covered by Parts of the following European Standards: EN 932 EN 933 EN 1367 EN 1744 prEN 13 1 79 Tests for general properties of aggregates Tests for geometrical properties of aggregates Tests for thermal and wea
15、thering properties of aggregates Tests for chemical properties of aggregates Tests for filler aggregate used in bituminous bound fillers The other Parts of EN 1097 will be: EN 1097-1 prEN 1097-2 prEN 1097-4 prEN 1097-5 prEN 1097-6 prEN 1097-7 prEN 1097-8 prEN 1097-9 prEN 1097-10 Tests for mechanical
16、 and physical properties of aggregates Part 1 : Determination of the resistance to wear (micro-Deval) Tests for mechanical and physical properties of aggregates Part 2: Methods for the determination of resistance to fragmentation Tests for mechanical and physical properties of aggregates Part 4: Det
17、ermination of the voids of dry compacted filler Tests for mechanical and physical properties of aggregates Part 5: Determination of the water content by drying in a ventilated oven Tests for mechanical and physical properties of aggregates Part 6: Determination of particle density and water absorpti
18、on Tests for mechanical and physical properties of aggregates Part 7: Determination of the particle density of filler - Pyknometer method Tests for mechanical and physical properties of aggregates Part 8: Determination of the polished stone value Tests for mechanical and physical properties of aggre
19、gates Part 9: Method for the determination of the resistance to wear by abrasion from studded tyres: Nordic test Tests for mechanical and physical properties of aggregates Part 10: Water suction height This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of
20、an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 1998, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 1999. According to the CENKENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this Euro
21、pean Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom Page 4 EN 1097-3 : 1998 1 scope This European Standard specifies the test procedure for th
22、e determination of the loose bulk density of dry aggregate and the calculation of the voids. The test is applicable to natural and artificial aggregates up to a maximum size of 63 mm. A method for the determination of the apparent (bulk) density of filler in kerosene is given in annex A. 2 Normative
23、 references This European Standard incorporates by dated or by undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of a
24、ny of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references, the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. prEN 932-2 Tests for general properties of aggregates - Part 2: Methods for reducing laboratory samples p
25、rEN 932-5 Tests for general properties of aggregates - Part 5: Common equipment and calibration prEN 1097-6 Tests for mechanical and physical properties of aggregates - Part 6: Determination of particle density and water absorption IS04788 : 1980 Laboratory glassware - Graduated measuring cylinders
26、3 Defdtions For the purposes of this standard, the following definitions apply: 3.1 loose bulk density: The quotient obtained when the mass of dry aggregate filling a specified container without compaction is divided by the capacity of that container. 3.2 voids: The air-filled spaces between the agg
27、regate particles in the container. 3.3 aggregate size: A designation of aggregate in terms of lower (6) and upper (O) sieve sizes NOTE: This designation accepts the presence of some particles which will be retained on the upper sieve (oversize) and some which will pass the lower sieve (undersize). 3
28、.4 test portion: The sample used as a whole in a single test. 3.5 test specimen: The sample used in a single determination when a test method requires more than one determination of a property. Page 5 EN 1097-3 : 1998 Upper size of aggregate (O) mm 3.6 constant mass: Successive weighings after dryin
29、g at least 1 h apart not differing by more than 0,l %. Capacity 1 NOTE: In many cases constant mass can be achieved after a test portion has been dried for a pre-determined period in a specified oven at (1 10 f 5) “C. Test laboratories can determine the time required to achieve constant mass for spe
30、cific types and sizes of sample dependent upon the drying capacity of the oven used. 4 Principle The dry mass of aggregates filling a specified container is determined by weighing and the corresponding loose bulk density is calculated. The percentage of voids is calculated from the loose bulk densit
31、y and the particle density. 5 Apparatus All apparatus shall comply with the general requirements of prEN 932-5. 5.1 Watertight cylindrical container, made of corrosion-resistant metal. The ratio of the inside diameter of the container to its internal depth shall be between 0,5 and 0,8. The minimum c
32、apacity of the container shall be as specified in table 1. The container shall be calibrated in accordance with annex B. It shall be smooth inside, of sufficient rigidity to retain its form under rough usage and preferably fitted with handles. The top rim shall be smooth and plane and parallel to th
33、e bottom. NOTE: When testing lightweight aggregates, the mass of the test portion may be much smaller than the mass of the container. In such cases it is permissible for a lighter non -metallic container to be used, provided it is both rigid and watertight. Table 1: Minimum capacity of container dep
34、ending on aggregate size Up to 16,O Up to 31,5 Up to 63 5 ,o 10 20 5.2 Balance, of suitable capacity, accurate to O, 1 % of the mass of the test portion. For calibration (see annex B) the balance shall be accurate to O, 1 % of the mass of the water. 5.3 Scoops, of convenient size. Page 6 EN 1097-3 :
35、 1998 5.4 Straight-edge, made of steel, not less than 50 mm longer than the external diameter of the container, and rigid enough so as not to deform during the levelling process. 5.5 Thermometer, (for calibration) capable of measuring the temperature of water at 20 “C to a precision of 0,5 “C. 5.6 D
36、rying oven. 5.7 Glass plate, (for calibration) large enough to cover the container. 6 Preparation of test specimens Three test specimens shall be obtained in accordance with prEN 932-2. The aggregate shall be dried at (110 I 5) “C to constant mass. Each test specimen shall be 120 % to 150 % of the m
37、ass needed to fill the container. For lightweight aggregates, where appropriate, allow the test specimens to condition to moisture equilibrium at (23 f 5) “C and (50 f 10) % relative humidity after drying at (110 f 5) “C. 7 Procedure Weigh the empty, dry and clean container (m,). Place the container
38、 on a horizontal surface and fill it to overflowing using the scoop. Whilst filling the container, minimize segregation by resting the scoop on the top rim. At no time shall the edge of the scoop be more than 50 mm above the rim of the container. Carefully remove any surplus aggregate from above the
39、 top of the container ensuring that the surface spread is even to avoid segregation. Level the surface of the aggregate with the straightedge, taking care not to compact any part of the upper surface. If this is not feasible, level the surface by hand, taking care to approximate the volume of the ag
40、gregates to the capacity of the container as far as possible. Weigh the filled container and record its mass to O, 1 % (R). Three test specimens shall be tested 8 Calculation and expression of results The loose bulk density pb is calculated for each test specimen according to the following equation:
41、 PI, = where: pb rn2 m, V is the loose bulk density, in megagrams per cubic metre; is the mass of the container and test specimen, in kilograms; is the mass of the empty container, in kilograms; is the capacity of the container, in litres. Page 7 EN 1097-3 : 1998 Report the loose bulk density A as t
42、he mean of the three values rounded to the second decimal place for normal aggregates, and to the third decimal place for lightweight aggregates. The percentage of voids v is the volumetric proportion of voids in the container; it is calculated according to the following equation: V= pp - Pb x 100 p
43、, where: V p, pp is the percentage of voids; is the loose bulk density, in megagrams per cubic metre; is the oven dried or pre-dried particle density, in megagrams per cubic metre; as determined in accordance with prEN 1097-6 using a test portion taken from the same laboratory sample. NOTE: A statem
44、ent on the precision of the test is given in annex C. 9 Test report The test report shall make reference to this standard, stating: a) sample identification, nominal size, and sample description; b) date of test; c) loose bulk density (the three values of the test specimens and the mean value); d) p
45、ercentage of voids if relevant. Page 8 EN 1097-3 : 1998 Annex A (normative) Method for the determination of the apparent (buk) density of filler in kerosene A.l Principle A test portion consisting of a fixed mass of filler is dispersed in a volume of kerosene and allowed to settle. The settled volum
46、e of the test portion is measured and is used to calculate the apparent (bulk) density. A.2 Apparatus A.2.1 Graduated glass measuring cylinder with stopper, of 50 ml capacity with a smallest scale division of 1 ml, complying with IS0 4788. A.2.2 Balance, of capacity not less than 100 g, accurate to
47、0,Ol g. A.2.3 Ventilated drying oven, capable of maintaining a temperature of (1 10 f 5) OC. A.2.4 Desiccator and desiccant. A.2.5 Redistilled kerosene (paraffin oil) - petroleum distillate with a boiling range between 190 “C and 260 OC. NOTE: The displacement liquid used in the method of testing de
48、nsity of cement, as specified in EN 196-6, is suitable. A.3 Preparation of test specimens Reduce the laboratory sample in accordance with the procedures specified in prEN 932-2 to produce a test portion of sufficient mass to give five test specimens. Dry the test portion of filler at a temperature o
49、f (110 f 5) OC for at least 4 h. Cool to room temperature in the desiccator. Weigh out three test specimens of filler, each with a mass of about log. Record the mass m of each test specimen to the nearest O, 1 g. A.4 Procedure Put the first test specimen and about 25 ml of kerosene into a measuring cylinder, then stopper and shake until the filler is completely wetted. Add more kerosene to the cylinder so that the level is about 40 mm from the top. Stopper and shake again. In order to ensure that the filler is in complete suspension in the kerosene, immediately after t
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