1、December 2013 Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 9No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).IC
2、S 97.220.10!%*vS“2078348www.din.deDDIN EN 12228Surfaces for sports areas Determination of joint strength of synthetic surfaces;English version EN 12228:2013,English translation of DIN EN 12228:2013-12Sportbden Bestimmung der Nahtfestigkeit von Kunststoffbelgen;Englische Fassung EN 12228:2013,Englisc
3、he bersetzung von DIN EN 12228:2013-12Sols sportifs Dtermination de la rsistance des joints;Version anglaise EN 12228:2013,Traduction anglaise de DIN EN 12228:2013-12SupersedesDIN EN 12228:2002-12www.beuth.deIn case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.Document co
4、mprises 14 pages 11.13 DIN EN 12228:2013-12 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword This document (EN 12228:2013) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 217 “Surfaces for sports areas” (Secretariat: AFNOR, France). The responsible German body involved in its preparation w
5、as the Normenausschuss Bauwesen (Building and Civil Engineering Standards Committee), Working Committee NA 005-01-21 AA Kunststoffrasenflchen (SpA zu CEN/TC 217/WG 6). Amendments This standard differs from DIN EN 12228:2002-12 as follows: a) the text has been rendered more precise; b) editorial erro
6、rs have been corrected. Previous editions DIN EN 12228: 2002-12 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 12228 September 2013 ICS 97.220.10 Supersedes EN 12228:2002English Version Surfaces for sports areas - Determination of joint strength of synthetic surfaces Sols sportifs - Dterminati
7、on de la rsistance des joints Sportbden - Bestimmung der Nahtfestigkeit von Kunststoffbelgen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 11 July 2013. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the stat
8、us of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, Ge
9、rman). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croat
10、ia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and Un
11、ited Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2013 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. E
12、N 12228:2013: EEN 12228:2013 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword . 3 1 Scope 4 2 Normative references . 4 3 Method 1 Direct tension method . 4 4 Method 2 Peel method . 9 5 Test report 12 DIN EN 12228:2013-12 EN 12228:2013 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 12228:2013) has been prepared by Technical Committee
13、 CEN/TC 217 “Surfaces for sports areas”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2014, and conflicting national standards shall be withdraw
14、n at the latest by March 2014. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 12228:2002. Compared with E
15、N 12228:2002, the text has been clarified and editorial errors have been corrected. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Rep
16、ublic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. DIN
17、 EN 12228:2013-12 EN 12228:2013 (E) 4 1 Scope This European Standard specifies two test methods for the determination of joint strength of synthetic sports surfaces including synthetic turf. Method 1 describes a procedure for butt joints and overlapped adhesive joints in which a direct force is appl
18、ied. Method 2 describes a procedure for reinforced butt joints in which a peel force is applied. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited ap
19、plies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN ISO 7500-1:2004, Metallic materials Verification of static uniaxial testing machines Part 1: Tension/compression testing machines Verification and calibration of the force-measuring sy
20、stem (ISO 7500-1:2004) 3 Method 1 Direct tension method 3.1 General This method is suitable for testing all types of synthetic sports surfaces that incorporate sewn, chemically welded, hot melt bonded or mechanically bonded butt joints as the manner of joining adjacent lengths of synthetic sports su
21、rfacing (see Figure 1). Key 1 chemical, hot melt adhesive/mechanical joint (including sewn seams) Figure 1 Butt joint 3.2 Principle An increasing tensile force is applied perpendicular to the joint until it breaks and the maximum force applied is recorded (see Figure 2). DIN EN 12228:2013-12 EN 1222
22、8:2013 (E) 5 Key 1 tensile force Figure 2 Principle of test Direct tension method 3.3 Apparatus 3.3.1 Tensile testing machine, conforming to class 1 of EN ISO 7500-1:2004. 3.3.2 Jaws, which are sufficiently wide to hold the entire width of the test piece and with appropriate means to avoid slippage
23、or damage. 3.4 Test piece 3.4.1 Stitched or welded joint not incorporating joining tape Cut from a sample of surface five test pieces of minimum length 600 mm and width (100 1) mm with the joint centrally located 200 mm across each test piece (see Figure 3). DIN EN 12228:2013-12 EN 12228:2013 (E) 6
24、Dimensions in millimetres Key 1 joint 2 test piece Figure 3 Test piece layout stitched or welded joint For any test piece containing a stitched joint, the stitching shall be tied off at the edge of the joint to prevent running. 3.4.2 Stitched or welded joints incorporating jointing tape Cut from a s
25、ample of surface five test pieces, the length of which shall be the width of the backing material plus 100 mm each side of the backing material and width (100 1) mm (see Figure 4). 600 + 5 DIN EN 12228:2013-12 EN 12228:2013 (E) 7 Dimensions in millimetres Key 1 backing material 2 joint 3 test piece
26、Figure 4 Test piece layout for stitched or welded joint incorporating jointing tape 3.4.3 Overlapped adhesive joints Cut from a sample of surface five test pieces, the length of which shall be the width of the overlapped joint plus 100 mm each side of the joint and width (100 1) mm (see Figures 5 an
27、d 6). Key 1 adhesive Figure 5 Overlapped adhesive joint DIN EN 12228:2013-12 EN 12228:2013 (E) 8 Dimensions in millimetres Key 1 overlapped adhesive joint 2 test piece 3 side elevation Figure 6 Test piece layout Overlapped adhesive joint 3.5 Conditioning and test temperature Condition the test piece
28、s for a minimum of 3 h at the test temperature. Unless otherwise specified, the test temperature shall be (23 2) C. Allow wet test pieces to dry to constant mass before conditioning. Allow frozen test pieces to thaw and dry (as above) before conditioning. 3.6 Procedure Mount the test piece in the te
29、sting machine in axial alignment with the direction of pull. Set the moving jaw in motion at a speed of 100 mm/min and, preferably by means of an automatic recording system, note the force at break or the maximum force exerted. Repeat the test on the remaining test pieces to obtain five sets of valu
30、es. If the strength of the joint is greater than the strength of the synthetic sports surface it is joining, report the strength of the synthetic sports surface and state in the test report that the strength of the joint is greater than that of the sports surface. If, in the case of an overlapped ad
31、hesive joint, the separation takes place parallel to the glued surfaces, the result shall be calculated as a shear force. DIN EN 12228:2013-12 EN 12228:2013 (E) 9 3.7 Calculation and expression of results Calculate the mean value of the force at break or the maximum force exerted for the five tests
32、and express the result in Newtons per 100 mm, rounded to the nearest Newton. For an overlapped adhesive joint where the separation takes place parallel to the glued surfaces, the shear force S, expressed in Newtons per square millimetre, shall be calculated from the following formula. AFS=where F is
33、 the force at break, in Newtons; A is 100 mm the width, in millimetres, of the overlapping joint. 4 Method 2 Peel method 4.1 General This method is suitable for all types of synthetic sports surface that incorporate a reinforced butt joint (see Figure 7). Key 1 backing material, e.g. shock-pad or se
34、aming tape Figure 7 Reinforced butt joint 4.2 Principle A peel force is applied to the joint and the average and maximum peel strength values measured (see Figure 8). DIN EN 12228:2013-12 EN 12228:2013 (E) 10 Key 1 tensile machine grip 2 tensile force 3 peel force 4 backing material 5 surfacing Figu
35、re 8 Principle of test Peel method 4.3 Apparatus 4.3.1 Apparatus, as described in 3.3. 4.3.2 Means of initiating the peel, e.g. hot iron or suitable solvent such as dichloromethane. 4.4 Test piece Prepare 10 test pieces from five pieces of surface of minimum length 300 mm and width (100 2) mm with t
36、he joint centrally located along each test piece (see Figure 9). DIN EN 12228:2013-12 EN 12228:2013 (E) 11 Dimensions in millimetres Key 1 test piece 2 seam 3 surfacing 4 backing material and adhesive strip 5 direction of peel (surfacing pulled to separate from backing material) Figure 9 Test piece
37、layout Peel method, reinforced butt joint Cut each piece of surface along the line of the joint forming two test pieces each measuring a minimum length 150 mm and width (100 1) mm. If possible, when preparing the joint, extend the backing material beyond the synthetic surfacing by 100 mm to 200 mm t
38、o help initiate the peel. 4.5 Conditioning and test temperature Condition the test pieces as described in 3.5. 4.6 Procedure For reinforced butt joints, peel the backing material from the synthetic surface for a distance of approximately 100 mm. If a solvent is used, take care to ensure that the sol
39、vent does not work along the joint and affect the recorded peel strength. If a solvent is used for initial separation remove it by storing the test piece in a ventilated oven at 60 C for 2 h, followed by conditioning as described in 4.5. A minimum recorded sample length of 100 mm is required for a v
40、alid measurement. WARNING All solvents should be handled with extreme care in accordance with manufacturers instructions. Clamp the test piece in the jaws of the testing apparatus. Set the moving jaw in motion at a speed of 100 mm/min, and, preferably by means of an automatic recording system, note
41、the forces exerted on the test piece. Stop the test within 10 mm of the separation of the joint. If the force fluctuates by 5 %, record a maximum of 10 peaks and calculate the average peak force. DIN EN 12228:2013-12 EN 12228:2013 (E) 12 If the backing material or synthetic surfacing consistently br
42、eaks during the test, indicating that the peel strength is higher than that of the material, record the breaking strength of the material, and indicate this in the test report. Report also any other types of failure. Repeat the test on the remaining test pieces. 4.7 Calculation and expression of res
43、ults Calculate the average force between 25 % and 75 % of the peel length recorded during the test, by calculating the mean force of the peaks occurring during this portion of the test, as shown in Figure 10. When more than 10 peaks are recorded during the test, use only the 10 highest peaks to calc
44、ulate the average peak force. Key 1 force in N 2 length in mm Figure 10 Calculation of average force Calculate the mean value for each test piece and express this result in Newtons per 100 mm. Calculate the mean of the individual results and express the overall result in Newtons per 100 mm, rounded
45、to the nearest Newton. 5 Test report The test report shall include the following information: a) number of this European Standard, i.e. EN 12228:2013, Method 1 or 2; b) complete identification of the surfacing tested, including type and manufacturers reference; c) description of the jointing process
46、 including the orientation of the seam with respect to the construction of the surface; d) temperature of test and relative humidity, if required; e) mean joint force; f) individual test results if required; g) type of failure for each test piece e.g. failure of stitching, failure at bond, between backing material and test piece, failure due to breaking of backing material. DIN EN 12228:2013-12
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