1、August 2007DEUTSCHE NORM English price group 8No part of this standard may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 97.220.40!,znn“9877575ww
2、w.din.deDDIN EN 12278Mountaineering equipment Pulleys Safety requirements and test methodsEnglish version of DIN EN 12278:2007-08Bergsteigerausrstung Seilrollen Sicherheitstechnische Anforderungen und PrfverfahrenEnglische Fassung DIN EN 12278:2007-08SupersedesDIN EN 12278:1998-07www.beuth.deDocumen
3、t comprises 12 pages10.07DIN EN 12278:2007-08 2 Start of validity This standard is valid from 1 August 2007. National foreword This standard includes safety requirements within the meaning of the Gerte- und Produktsicherheitsgesetz (German Equipment and Consumer Goods Safety Law). This standard has
4、been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 136 “Sports, playground and other recreational equipment” (Secretariat: DIN, Germany). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Sport- und Freizeitgert (Sports Equipment Standards Committee), Technical Committee NA 11
5、2-04-05 AA Bergsteigerausrstung. Pulleys as specified in this standard fall within the scope of the Gerte- und Produktsicherheitsgesetz. Once compliance with the safety requirements specified in article 7 has been verified by an accredited test house, the equipment may be marked with the symbol GS (
6、= geprfte Sicherheit, safety tested). Amendments This standard differs from DIN EN 12278:1998-07 as follows: a) Requirements for securing and testing of sheave axles have been described in detail. b) Table 1 “Torque for testing the locking system” has been deleted. c) The new rules for drawing up Eu
7、ropean Standards have been taken into consideration. d) The list of standards on mountaineering equipment has been updated. Previous editions DIN EN 12278: 1998-07 EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 12278May 2007ICS 97.220.40 Supersedes EN 12278:1998 English VersionMontaineering equip
8、ment - Pulleys - Safety requirements andtest methodsEquipement dalpinisme et descalade - Poulies - Exigencesde scurit et mthodes dessaiBergsteigerausrstung - Seilrollen - SicherheitstechnischeAnforderungen und PrfverfahrenThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 26 April 2007.CEN members are bo
9、und to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CE
10、N Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status
11、 as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slov
12、akia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2007 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide fo
13、r CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 12278:2007: EEN 12278:2007 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword3 1 Scope 4 2 Normative references 4 3 Terms and definitions .4 4 Safety requirements 4 4.1 Design .4 4.2 Strength 4 5 Test methods5 5.1 Sampling.5 5.2 Design .5 5.3 Determination of strength.6 6 Marking .7 7 I
14、nformation supplied by the manufacturer .7 Annex A (informative) Standards on mountaineering equipment8 Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 89/686/EEC.9 Bibliography 10 EN 12278:2007 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 12278:
15、2007) has been prepared by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 136 “Sports, play-ground and other recreational equipment”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the
16、 latest by November 2007, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 2007. This document supersedes EN 12278:1998. It is one of a series of standards for mountaineering equipment, see Annex A. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the Eu
17、ropean Commission and the European Free Trade Association to support Essential Requirements of EU Directive 89/686/EEC. For relationship with EU Directives, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards
18、 organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Repub-lic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portu
19、gal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EN 12278:2007 (E) 4 1 Scope This European Standard specifies safety requirements and test methods for pulleys for use in mountaineering including climbing. 2 Normative references Not applicable. 3 Terms and definitions
20、For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 pulley one or more sheaves mounted in a block or a body, which can be used to link a rope (in accordance with EN 892 and EN 1891) or an accessory cord (in accordance with EN 564) to a connector (in accordance with EN 1
21、2275) to safeguard a mountaineer, and which reduces the friction while the rope or accessory cord is moving under load NOTE Typical examples of use are load reduction systems, tyrolian travers, zip wires and top rope belay. 3.2 sheave grooved wheel to locate the rope 4 Safety requirements 4.1 Design
22、 4.1.1 Pulleys shall have a means for attachment of a connector which is large enough to accommodate a pin of diameter 12 mm. Testing shall be in accordance with 5.2.1. 4.1.2 The pulley, particularly its sheaves, shall be large enough to accommodate a rope or an accessory cord of such diameter as ma
23、rked on the pulley. Testing shall be in accordance with 5.2.2. 4.1.3 All edges of the pulley, which come into contact with fingers, shall be free from burrs and the like which could cause irritation or injuries. Testing shall be in accordance with 5.2.3. 4.1.4 If any sheave axle is secured by nuts o
24、r screws, the nuts and/or screws shall be locked and secured by means other than friction. 4.2 Strength 4.2.1 When tested in accordance with 5.3.2, the sheave(s) shall be capable to rotate ten times in either direction under a force of 2 kN, applied to each sheave individually. 4.2.2 When tested is
25、accordance with 5.3.2, the pulley shall not show signs of damage or deformation, which could affect its function. 4.2.3 When tested in accordance with 5.3.2, the pulley shall be capable of withstanding a static force of at least 15 kN, applied to each sheave individually, without completely releasin
26、g either the rope or the steel U-bar. EN 12278:2007 (E) 5 5 Test methods 5.1 Sampling For the tests the number of test samples required is determined by the number of sheaves, their size and the material from which they are made to ensure that each size/material-combination is tested. 5.2 Design 5.2
27、.1 Test the means for attachment in accordance with 4.1.1, with the pin of (12 0,1) mm diameter. 5.2.2 Test each sheave in accordance with 4.1.2, with the pin of (1 0,1) diameter greater than the maxi-mum diameter on the pulley. The pin shall touch the bottom of the groove (see Figure 1). Key a) rig
28、ht b) wrong Figure 1 Testing the groove 5.2.3 Check by visual examination and handling that the requirements in accordance with 4.1.3 are met. 5.2.4 If any sheave axle is secured by nuts or screws in accordance with 4.1.4 check by visual examination that the requirements specified in 4.1.4 are met.
29、EN 12278:2007 (E) 6 5.3 Determination of strength 5.3.1 Apparatus The principle of the apparatus transmitting the force F is shown in Figure 3. The force F is to be transmitted a) by means of the U-bar in accordance with Figure 2 in the attachment point of the pulley and b) with a rope with nominal
30、diameter equal to the maximum diameter on the pulley threaded through the sheaves of the pulley according to the instructions for use. Dimensions in millimetres Figure 2 Steel U-bar Key 1 identical test samples 2 steel U-bar 3 rope l 500 mm l 1 000 mm F force Figure 3 Strength test apparatus 5.3.2 P
31、rocedure 5.3.2.1 Each sheave shall be tested separately on a different test sample in accordance with 5.1. 5.3.2.2 Carry out the strength test at a temperature of (23 5) C. 5.3.2.3 Rate of loading shall be (100 50) mm/min. 5.3.2.4 Under a force of (2 0,05) kN pull the rope such that the sheave of th
32、e test sample rotates con-tinuously ten times in each direction, or until it ceases to rotate. EN 12278:2007 (E) 7 5.3.2.5 After the test according to 5.3.2.4, check by visual examination that the requirements according to 4.2.2 are met. 5.3.2.6 After the examination according to 5.3.2.5, increase t
33、he force until breakage and check that the requirements according to 4.2.3 are met. 5.3.2.7 Repeat the test sequence in accordance with 5.3.2.2 to 5.3.2.6 for each sheave with a different size or material on different test samples. 6 Marking Pulleys shall be marked clearly, indelibly and durably wit
34、h at least the following items: a) name of the manufacturer or its representative in the European Community; b) maximum diameter of the rope in mm with which the pulley can be used; c) pictorial representation showing the maximum loads in kN which can be applied between any sheave and the attachment
35、 points, which the manufacturer ensures; the marked strength shall be a whole number of kN; d) year of the manufacture. 7 Information supplied by the manufacturer The pulley shall be supplied with an explanatory leaflet, and written in at least the official language(s) of the state of destination wi
36、thin the European Community containing at least the following items: a) name and address of the manufacturer or its authorized representative; b) number of this European Standard, i.e. EN 12278; c) identification of the model, if more than one model is available; d) meaning of any marks on the produ
37、ct; e) advice on the use of the product, especially the maximum diameter of the rope with which the pulley can be used, on how to pass the rope through the pulleys; f) maximum strength in kN guaranteed by the manufacturer; g) advice how to choose other components for use in the system; h) advice how
38、 to maintain/service the product; i) effects of chemical reagents; j) lifespan of the product or how to assess it and that after a serious damage the product should be with-drawn from use as soon as possible; k) influence of wet and icy conditions; l) influence of storage and ageing due to use. EN 1
39、2278:2007 (E) 8 Annex A (informative) Standards on mountaineering equipment Table A.1 List of standards on mountaineering equipment No Document Title 1 EN 892 Mountaineering equipment Dynamic mountaineering ropes Safety require-ments and test methods 2 EN 12275 Mountaineering equipment Connectors Sa
40、fety requirements and test methods 3 EN 13089 Mountaineering equipment Ice-tools Safety requirements and test methods 4 EN 12277 Mountaineering equipment Harnesses Safety requirements and test methods 5 EN 12492 Mountaineering equipment Helmets for mountaineers Safety requirements and test methods 6
41、 EN 564 Mountaineering equipment Accessory cord Safety requirements and test methods 7 EN 565 Mountaineering equipment Tape Safety requirements and test methods 8 EN 566 Mountaineering equipment Slings Safety requirements and test methods 9 EN 12276 Mountaineering equipment Frictional anchors Safety
42、 requirements and test methods 10 EN 12270 Mountaineering equipment Chocks Safety requirements and test methods 11 EN 567 Mountaineering equipment Rope clamps Safety requirements and test meth-ods 12 EN 958 Mountaineering equipment Energy absorbing systems for use in klettersteig (via ferrata) climb
43、ing Safety requirements and test methods 13 EN 959 Mountaineering equipment Rock anchors Safety requirements and test meth-ods 14 EN 568 Mountaineering equipment Ice anchors Safety requirements and test methods 15 EN 569 Mountaineering equipment Pitons Safety requirements and test methods 16 EN 893
44、Mountaineering equipment Crampons Safety requirements and test methods 17 prEN 15151 Mountaineering equipment Descenders Safety requirements and test methods 18 EN 12278 Mountaineering equipment Pulleys Safety requirements and test methods EN 12278:2007 (E) 9 Annex ZA (informative) Relationship betw
45、een this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 89/686/EEC This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association to provide a means of conforming to Essential Requirements of the New Approach
46、 Directive 89/686/EEC on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to per-sonal protective equipment. Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Communities under that Directive and has been implemented as a national standard in at least one Member State, c
47、ompliance with the clauses of this standard given in Table ZA.1 confers, within the limits of the scope of this standard, a presumption of confor-mity with the corresponding Essential Requirements of that Directive and associated EFTA regulations. Table ZA.1 Correspondence between this European Stan
48、dard and Directive 89/686/EEC Clause(s)/subclause(s) of this EN Essential Requirements (ERs) of Directive 89/686/EEC Qualifying remarks/ Notes 4.1.1, 4.1.2, 4.1.4, 4.2.1, 4.2.2 1.2.1 Absence of risks and other inherent nuisance 4.1.3 1.2.1.2 Satisfactory surface condition of all PPE parts in contact
49、 with the user 4.2.3 1.3.2 Lightness and design strength 6 2.12 PPE bearing one or more identification or recognition marks directly or indirectly relating to health and safety 6, 7 1.4 Information supplied by the manufacturer WARNING: Other requirements and other EU Directives may be applicable to the product(s) falling within the scope of this standard. EN 12278:2007 (E) 10 Bibliography 1 EN 564, Mountaineering equipment Accessory cord Safety requirements and te
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