DIN EN 1370-2012 Founding - Examination of surface condition German version EN 1370 2011《铸造 表面状况的检查 德文版本EN 1370-2011》.pdf

1、March 2012Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 10No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 1

2、7.040.20; 77.180!$zV(“1875105www.din.deDDIN EN 1370Founding Examination of surface conditionEnglish translation of DIN EN 1370:2012-03Gieereiwesen Bewertung des OberflchenzustandesEnglische bersetzung von DIN EN 1370:2012-03Fonderie Contrle de ltat de surfaceTraduction anglaise de DIN EN 1370:2012-0

3、3SupersedesDIN EN 1370:1997-02 andDIN EN 12454:1998-07www.beuth.deIn case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.Document comprises 15 pages02.12 DIN EN 1370:2012-03 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword This standard has been prepared by Techni

4、cal Committee CEN/TC 190 “Foundry technology” (Secretariat: DIN, Germany). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Gieereiwesen (Foundry Practice Standards Committee), Working Committee NA 036-00-03 AA Prfverfahren fr Gusswerkstoffe. Amendments This standard d

5、iffers from DIN EN 1370:1997-02 and DIN EN 12454:1998-07 as follows: a) the content of DIN EN 12454 has been incorporated in this standard; b) a method for the assessment of surface discontinuities has been included; c) normative references (formerly in Clause 2) have been deleted and the subsequent

6、 clauses have been renumbered; d) Subclause 3.2.3 “Surface roughness examination by contact (stylus) instruments or non contact (optical) instruments” has been included; e) Subclause 3.3 “Visual examination of surface discontinuities” has been included; f) Subclause 3.3.2 “Classification of surface

7、discontinuities by dimensions” has been included; g) Subclause 3.3.3 “Classification of surface discontinuities for steel and iron castings by visual tactile comparators” has been included; h) some figures have been replaced by tables; i) a Bibliography has been included. Previous editions DIN EN 13

8、70: 1997-02, DIN EN 12454: 1998-07 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 1370 December 2011 ICS 17.040.20; 77.180 Supersedes EN 12454:1998, EN 1370:1996English Version Founding - Examination of surface condition Fonderie - Contrle de ltat de surface Gieereiwesen - Bewertung des Oberfl

9、chenzustandes This European Standard was approved by CEN on 12 November 2011. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibl

10、iographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the respon

11、sibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Gre

12、ece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by

13、any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 1370:2011: EEUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG EN 1370:2011 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 3Introduction .41 Scope 52 Comparators .53 Requirements .53.1 General 53.2 Sur

14、face roughness examination 63.3 Visual examination of surface discontinuities .84 Documentation 11Annex A (informative) Significant technical changes between this European Standard and the previous edition 12Bibliography . 13DIN EN 1370:2012-03 EN 1370:2011 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 1370:2011

15、) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 190 “Foundry technology”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2012, and conflicting nati

16、onal standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by June 2012. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document will super

17、sede EN 1370:1996 and EN 12454:1998. Within its programme of work, Technical Committee CEN/TC 190 requested CEN/TC 190/WG 11 “Surface inspection“ to revise the following standards: EN 1370:1996, Founding Surface roughness inspection by visual tactile comparators and EN 12454:1998, Founding Visual ex

18、amination of surface discontinuities Steel sand castings. Annex A provides details of significant technical changes between this European Standard and the previous edition. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to

19、 implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Swede

20、n, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. DIN EN 1370:2012-03 EN 1370:2011 (E) 4 Introduction The surface roughness of a casting is influenced by the manufacturing process (moulding, grinding, finishing, etc.), the moulding materials used (sand, coating, etc.), the production equipment available and th

21、e alloy cast. Depending on the applications of the casting, the surface requirements are related to mechanical loadings, appearance, surface treatment, etc. Since cast surfaces do not exhibit the same cyclic character as machined surfaces it is difficult to evaluate their roughness using conventiona

22、l mechanical, optical, or pneumatic devices. Other optical/electronic means are now available for measuring surface roughness of cast surfaces. For the ease of use, visual tactile comparators are preferred. Moreover, in order to take into account the irregularities on as-cast surfaces, ground surfac

23、es or other means of finishing of castings, comparators should have relatively large dimensions1)in order to make them more reliable and their results repeatable and consistent. Two sets of comparators are in widespread use: “BNIF 359 Recommandation technique du Bureau de Normalisation des Industrie

24、s de la Fonderie. Caractrisation dtats de surface des pices moules - Utilisation des chantillons types de 110 160 mm“, available from Editions Techniques des Industries de la Fonderie, 44 avenue de la Division Leclerc, 92310 Svres, France 1; “SCRATA comparators for the definition of surface quality

25、of steel and iron castings“, ASTM A 802 Shorter Set, available from Castings Technology International, Advanced Manufacturing Park, Brunel Way, Rotherham, S60 5WG, South Yorkshire, United Kingdom 2. A third set of comparators, for precision steel castings, is also available: “SCRATA surface comparat

26、ors for the definition of surface texture of precision steel castings”, precision set, available from Castings Technology International, Advanced Manufacturing Park, Brunel Way, Rotherham, S60 5WG, South Yorkshire, United Kingdom 3. This European Standard also specifies 8 levels of surface imperfect

27、ions based on maximum dimensions to be detected by visual examination. The SCRATA comparators shorter set 2, can also be used for the classification of surface discontinuities on steel and iron castings. BNIF N359 comparators can be used for all cast metals. 1)100 mm 150 mm for SCRATA comparators; 1

28、10 mm 160 mm for BNIF comparators. DIN EN 1370:2012-03 EN 1370:2011 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard specifies methods for the examination of surface condition (roughness and surface discontinuities) of castings. This European Standard is applicable to all cast metals and all casting processes e

29、xcept die casting. 2 Comparators The comparators are essentially positive replicas of actual casting surfaces: as-cast or after further fettling treatment such as shot blasted or ground. Full size photographs of the comparators can be used to assist in making a rapid evaluation of the overall roughn

30、ess of the comparators. These can give preliminary information for the appropriate selection of a moulding or finishing process. It is emphasized however that the comparators, and not the photographs, shall be used to form the basis of an agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser. An over

31、view and a comparison of the different categories and levels of the three sets of comparators are given in Tables 1, 2 and 4. 3 Requirements 3.1 General When examination of surface conditions is required, the following shall be agreed by the time of ordering: the category and severity level required

32、. More than one severity level can be specified for different surfaces of the same casting. This shall be clearly indicated on the drawing; any types of discontinuities which are unacceptable; the areas of the castings which are to be examined; these shall be clearly indicated on the drawing; number

33、 of castings to be examined; the manufacturing stage at which surfaces are to be examined. NOTE 1 Guidelines for the specification of acceptance criteria for surface condition of iron castings are given in EN 1559-3 4. NOTE 2 General principles for visual examination are described in EN 13018 5. The

34、 examination shall be performed by trained personnel with satisfactory visual acuity. DIN EN 1370:2012-03 EN 1370:2011 (E) 6 3.2 Surface roughness examination 3.2.1 General The methods detailed in this European Standard shall only apply to the surfaces of castings and the percentage or number of cas

35、tings to be checked. These conditions shall be subject of an agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser by the time of ordering. This information enables the manufacturer to assess the additional inspections and operations involved. Table 1 BNIF and SCRATA surface roughness and dressing co

36、mparators 1 2 RoughnessRa(m)For guidance onlyMoulding Mechanical dressing Thermal dressing BNIF 1SCRATA 2Corres-ponding process BNIF 1SCRATA 2Corres-ponding process BNIF 1SCRATA 2Corres-ponding process Smoothest 0,8 2/0S2 Very fine grinding 1,6 3/0S1 Investment 1/0S2 Fine grinding 3,2 2/0S1 1S2 Medi

37、um grinding Shell resins 6,3 1/0S1 2S2 Medium-coarse grinding 1S1 A1 3S2 Green sand and cold setting small- medium castings 12,5 2S1 A2 4S2 Coarse grinding 3S1 A3 5S2 H1 G1 Fine thermal cutting Green sand and cold setting medium- large castings 4S1 H3 Very coarse grinding 1S3 G2 25 5S1 H4 Moulding f

38、or large castings 2S3 6S1 A4 H5 G3 Coarse thermal cutting 7S1 3S3 G5 Roughest 50 8S1 A5 4S3 DIN EN 1370:2012-03 EN 1370:2011 (E) 7 Table 2 SCRATA surface comparators for the definition of surface texture of precision steel castings 3 6 Moulding process Roughness Smoothest Roughest Resin shell proces

39、s V1, V2, V3 Lost polystyrene process W1, W2, W3 Shaw process X1, X2, X3 Lost-wax process Y1, Y2 Fettled/grinded surfaces Z1, Z2, Z3 3.2.2 Surface roughness examination by visual tactile comparators To evaluate casting roughness, the areas indicated on the drawing shall be compared without optical a

40、ids, but with the appropriate visual tactile comparators of the category and level involved. Comparison between the appropriate comparator and the casting surface shall be made with the comparators held next to the casting under sufficient conditions of lighting. NOTE When the surface to be checked

41、is significantly smaller than the surface of a comparator, an agreement on the method to be used should be made between the manufacturer and the purchaser. The outcome of the comparison is satisfactory if, in the area under consideration, the roughness corresponds to that of the comparator or, if it

42、 is generally smoother. 3.2.3 Surface roughness examination by contact (stylus) instruments or non contact (optical) instruments If one of these methods is to be used, it shall be subject of an agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser by the time of ordering. The following shall be agree

43、d: method to be used; area(s) to be examined; scanning dimensions; surface profile parameters to be measured; required values (minimum, maximum) for these parameters. DIN EN 1370:2012-03 EN 1370:2011 (E) 8 3.3 Visual examination of surface discontinuities 3.3.1 General The area to be considered shal

44、l be examined without optical aids and it is essential to use sufficient lighting. Surface discontinuities can be facing outwards or inwards. Discontinuities can be eliminated either by grinding down to minimum wall thickness as stated in the drawing, or, after approval by the customer, by finishing

45、 welding. The surface to be inspected shall be clean, free from rust, sand, scale, moulding and mould coating residues, oil, grease or any other contaminant, which can interfere with a correct examination. 3.3.2 Classification of surface discontinuities by dimensions In Table 3 severity levels for s

46、urface discontinuities by dimensions are specified. It can be used for as-cast, shot blasted, grinded or machined surfaces. The size of the discontinuities is characterized by the dimensions H and L (see Figure 1): Key L largest length; H largest depth or height perpendicular to the surface. Figure

47、1 Size of discontinuities L and H DIN EN 1370:2012-03 EN 1370:2011 (E) 9 Borders and edges, not resulting from parting lines, having the shape of “steps” in cast surfaces should be considered as discontinuities, see Figure 2. Figure 2 Step irregularities Table 3 Severity levels for surface discontin

48、uities (dimensions) Severity Level Size of discontinuities Weight and/or thickness of casting Range of height or depth H (mm) Largest length L (mm) within the H range VD1 0,5 0,5 Small castings VD2 0,5 to 1,0 1,0 VD3 1,0 to 1,5 1,5VD4 1,0 to 1,5 2,5 VD5 1,0 to 2,0 5,0VD6 1,5 to 3,0 10 VD7 1,5 to 3,0 15VD8 2,0 to 4,0 20 Large castings NOTE VD stands for Visual examination of discontinuities Dimensi