DIN EN 13906-2-2013 Cylindrical helical springs made from round wire and bar - Calculation and design - Part 2 Extension springs German version EN 13906-2 2013《圆线材和圆棒材制圆柱形螺旋弹簧 计算和设.pdf

1、September 2013 Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 11No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).

2、ICS 21.160!%)English version EN 13906-2:2013,English translation of DIN EN 13906-2:2013-09Zylindrische Schraubenfedern aus runden Drhten und Stben Berechnung und Konstruktion Teil 2: Zugfedern;Englische Fassung EN 13906-2:2013,Englische bersetzung von DIN EN 13906-2:2013-09Ressorts hlicodaux cylindr

3、iques fabriqus partir de fils ronds et de barres Calcul et conception Partie 2: Ressorts de traction;Version anglaise EN 13906-2:2013,Traduction anglaise de DIN EN 13906-2:2013-09SupersedesDIN EN 13906-2:2002-07www.beuth.deDocument comprises 20 pagesIn case of doubt, the German-language original sha

4、ll be considered authoritative.08.13DIN EN 13906-2:2013-09 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword This document (EN 13906-2:2013) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 407 “Project Committee Cylindrical helical springs made from round wire and bar Calculation and design

5、” (Secretariat: AFNOR, France). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Federn, Stanzteile und Blechformteile (Springs, Stamped Parts and Moulded Parts Standards Committee), Working Committee NA 026-00-01 AA Federn. For more detailed information about the Norm

6、enausschuss Federn, Stanzteile und Blechformteile (NAFS), please visit www.nafs.din.de. DIN EN 13906-2 is part of the European Standard series EN 13906 covering the calculation and design of cylindrical helical springs made from round wire and bar and consists of the following parts: Part 1: Compres

7、sion springs Part 2: Extension springs Part 3: Torsion springs This document includes Annex A (informative) “Types of spring ends”. Amendments This standard differs from DIN EN 13906-2:2002-07 as follows: a) the standard has been editorially revised; b) terms and definitions have been adopted from D

8、IN EN ISO 26909; c) the content of the standard has been revised. Previous editions DIN 2089: 1948-01, 1949-07 DIN 2089-2: 1963-02, 1992-11 DIN EN 13906-2: 2002-07 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 13906-2 June 2013 ICS 21.160 Supersedes EN 13906-2:2001English Version Cylindrical

9、helical springs made from round wire and bar - Calculation and design - Part 2: Extension springs Ressorts hlicodaux cylindriques fabriqus partir de fils ronds et de barres - Calcul et conception - Partie 2: Ressorts de traction Zylindrische Schraubenfedern aus runden Drhten und Stben - Berechnung u

10、nd Konstruktion - Teil 2: ZugfedernThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 16 May 2013. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-dat

11、e lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation

12、under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Form

13、er Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT

14、EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2013 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 13906-2:2013: EEN 13906-2:2013 (E) 2 Contents Foreword 3 1 Scope 4 2

15、Normative references 4 3 Terms and definitions, symbols, units and abbreviated terms 4 3.1 Terms and definitions . 4 3.2 Symbols, units and abbreviated terms 5 4 Theoretical extension spring diagram . 6 5 Types of loading 7 5.1 General 7 5.2 Static and/or quasi-static loading 7 5.3 Dynamic loading 7

16、 6 Stress correction factor k . 8 7 Initial tension force F0. 9 8 Material property values for the calculation of springs . 10 9 Calculation formulae . 10 9.1 General 10 9.2 Spring work 10 9.3 Spring Force . 11 9.4 Spring deflection 11 9.5 Spring rate 11 9.6 Torsional stresses . 11 9.7 Nominal diame

17、ter of wire or bar . 11 9.8 Number of active coils 11 9.9 Total number of coils 11 9.10 Initial tension force 12 10 Permissible torsional stress under static or quasi-static loading 12 10.1 General 12 10.2 Permissible torsional stress zul for cold coiled springs 12 10.3 Permissible torsional stress

18、zul for hot coiled springs 12 10.4 Initial tension torsional stress 012 11 Calculation of extension springs for dynamic loading 13 Annex A (informative) Types of spring ends 14 Bibliography 18 DIN EN 13906-2:2013-09 PageEN 13906-2:2013 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 13906-2:2013) has been prepared

19、 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 407 “Project Committee - Cylindrical helical springs made from round wire and bar - Calculation and design”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text o

20、r by endorsement, at the latest by December 2013, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2013. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsib

21、le for identifying any or all such patent rights. This European Standard has been prepared by the initiative of the Association of the European Spring Federation ESF. This document supersedes EN 13906-2:2001. This European Standard constitutes a revision of EN 13906-2:2001 for which it has been tech

22、nically revised. The main modifications are listed below: updating of the normative references, technical corrections. EN 13906 consists of the following parts, under the general title Cylindrical helical springs made from round wire and bar Calculation and design: Part 1: Compression springs; Part

23、2: Extension springs; Part 3: Torsion springs. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, For

24、mer Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. DIN EN 13906-2:2013-09 EN 13906-2:2013 (

25、E) 4 1 Scope This European Standard specifies the calculation and design of cold and hot coiled helical extension springs made from round wire and bar with values according to Table 1, loaded in the direction of the spring axis and operating at normal ambient temperatures. Table 1 Characteristic Col

26、d coiled extension spring Hot coiled extension spring Wire or bar diameter d 20 mm d 10 mm Number of active coils n 3 n 3 Spring index 4 w 20 4 w 12 NOTE In cases of substantially higher or lower working temperature, it is advisable to seek the manufacturers advice. 2 Normative references The follow

27、ing documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 10270-1, Steel

28、 wire for mechanical springs Part 1: Patented cold drawn unalloyed spring steel wire EN 10270-2, Steel wire for mechanical springs Part 2: Oil hardened and tempered spring steel wire EN 10270-3, Steel wire for mechanical springs Part 3: Stainless spring steel wire EN 10089, Hot-rolled steels for que

29、nched and tempered springs Technical delivery conditions EN 12166, Copper and copper alloys Wire for general purposes EN ISO 26909:2010, Springs Vocabulary (ISO 26909:2009) ISO 26910-1, Springs Shot peening Part 1: General procedures 3 Terms and definitions, symbols, units and abbreviated terms 3.1

30、Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 26909:2010 and the following apply. 3.1.1 spring mechanical device designed to store energy when deflected and to return the equivalent amount of energy when released SOURCE: EN ISO 26909:2010, 1.1 DIN

31、 EN 13906-2:2013-09 EN 13906-2:2013 (E) 5 3.1.3 helical extension spring extension spring (1.3) normally made of wire of circular cross-section wound around an axis, with or without spaces between its coils (open- or close-wound) SOURCE: EN ISO 26909:2010, 3.13 3.2 Symbols, units and abbreviated ter

32、ms Table 2 contains the symbols, units and abbreviated terms used in this European Standard. Table 2 (1 of 2) Symbols Units Terms 2ieDDD+= mm mean diameter of coil Demm outside diameter of the spring Dimm inside diameter of the spring d mm nominal diameter of wire (or bar) E N/mm (MPa) modulus of el

33、asticity (or Youngs modulus) F0N initial tension force F N spring force F1, F2N spring forces, for the spring lengths L1, L2. (at ambient temperature of 20 C) FnN maximum permissible spring force for the maximum permissible spring length LnG N/mm (MPa) modulus of rigidity k - stress correction facto

34、r (depending on D/d) L mm spring length L0 mm Nominal free length of spring L1, L2mm spring lengths for the spring forces F1, F2. LHmm distance from inner radius of loop to spring body LKmm body length when unloaded but subject to initial tension force Lnmm maximum permissible spring length for the

35、spring force Fnm mm hook opening N - Number of cycles up to rupture n - number of active coils nt- total number of coils R N/mm spring rate DIN EN 13906-2:2013-09 3.1.2 extension spring spring (1.1) that offers resistance to an axial force tending to extend its length, with or without initial tensio

36、n SOURCE: EN ISO 26909:2010, 1.3 EN 13906-2:2013 (E) 6 Table 2 (2 of 2) Symbols Units Terms RmN/mm (MPa) minimum value of tensile strength s mm spring deflection s1, s2. mm spring deflections, for the spring forces F1, F2. shmm deflection of spring (stroke) between two positions snmm spring deflecti

37、on, for the spring force FnW Nmm spring work dDw =- spring index kg/dm3density N/mm (MPa) uncorrected torsional stress (without the influence of the wire curvature being taken into account) 0N/mm (MPa) uncorrected torsional stress, for the initial tension force F01, 2. N/mm (MPa) uncorrected torsion

38、al stress, for the spring forces F1, F2. kN/mm (MPa) corrected torsional stress, (according to the correction factor k) k1, k2. N/mm (MPa) corrected torsional stress, for the spring forces F1, F2. khN/mm (MPa) corrected torsional stress range, for the stroke shknN/mm (MPa) corrected torsional stress

39、, for the spring force FnnN/mm (MPa) uncorrected torsional stress, for the spring force FnzulN/mm (MPa) permissible torsional stress 4 Theoretical extension spring diagram The illustration of the extension spring corresponds to Figure 5.1 from EN ISO 2162-1:1996. The theoretical extension spring dia

40、gram is given in Figure 1. DIN EN 13906-2:2013-09 EN 13906-2:2013 (E) 7 Key 1 spring deflection 2 spring lengths Figure 1 Theoretical extension spring diagram 5 Types of loading 5.1 General Before carrying out design calculations, it should be specified whether they will be subjected to static loadi

41、ng, quasi-static loading or dynamic loading. 5.2 Static and/or quasi-static loading A static loading is: a loading constant in time. A quasi-static loading is: a loading variable with time with a negligibly small torsional stress range (stroke stress) (e.g. torsional stress range up to 10 % of fatig

42、ue strength); a variable loading with greater torsional stress range but only a number of cycles of up to 104. 5.3 Dynamic loading In the case of extension springs dynamic loading is loading variable with time with a number of loading cycles over 104and torsional stress range greater than 10 % of fa

43、tigue strength at: a) constant torsional stress range; b) variable torsional stress range. DIN EN 13906-2:2013-09 EN 13906-2:2013 (E) 8 Depending on the required number of cycles N up to rupture it is necessary to differentiate between two cases as follows: 1) infinite life fatigue in which the numb

44、er of cycles N 107 for cold coiled springs In this case, the torsional stress range is lower than the infinite life fatigue limit 2) limited life fatigue in which N 1 mm and a spring index w = 15. DIN EN 13906-2:2013-09 EN 13906-2:2013 (E) 14 Annex A (informative) Types of spring ends Table A.1 give

45、s some examples of spring ends Table A.1 (1 of 2) Figure A.1 Half German hook 0,55H=L Dito 0,8 Di(Open loop) Figure A.5 Extended German side loop iHDL (double loop at side) Figure A.2 Closed German loop 0,8H=L Dito 1,1 Di(Full loop) Figure A.6 Hooks (Raised hook) Figure A.3 Double German loop 0,8H=L

46、 Dito 1,1 Di(Double loop) Figure A.7 Extended side hook (Raised side hook) Figure A.4 German side loop iHDL (Full loop at side) Figure A.8 English loop iH1,1DL (Full loop with offset) DIN EN 13906-2:2013-09 EN 13906-2:2013 (E) 15 Table A.1 (2 of 2) Figure A.9 Coiled in hook (Swivel hook) Figure A.12

47、 Screwed in shackle (threaded-on plate) Number of screwed in coils 2 to 4 Figure A.10 Coiled in screwed plug (Rolled in stud) Figure A.13 Closed German loop (Angled full loop) Inclined and extended, closed German loop Figure A.11 Screwed in plug (Threaded plug) Number of screwed in coils 2 to 4 DIN

48、EN 13906-2:2013-09 EN 13906-2:2013 (E) 16 Representation of loop (hook) position Type of loop according to figure given in Table A.1 of this standard Number of coils following the decimal comma Loop (hook) openings mutually offset clockwise A.2 00 (0) 0 A.2 25 (1/4) 90 A.2 50 (1/2) 180 A.2 75 (3/4)

49、270 A.4 50 (1/2) 0 A.4 75 (3/4) 90 DIN EN 13906-2:2013-09 EN 13906-2:2013 (E) 17 A.4 00 (0) 180 A.4 25 (1/4) 270 Figure A.14 Most commonly used positions of loop openings and related data regarding total number of coils DIN EN 13906-2:2013-09 EN 13906-2:2013 (E) 18 Bibliography 1 EN 13906-1, Cylindrical helical springs made from round wire and bar Calculation and design Part 1: Compression spring