1、November 2010 Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 8No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).IC
2、S 59.080.70; 91.100.50!$l1“1731491www.din.deDDIN EN 14151Geosynthetics Determination of burst strengthEnglish translation of DIN EN 14151:2010-11Geokunststoffe Bestimmung der BerstdruckfestigkeitEnglische bersetzung von DIN EN 14151:2010-11Gosynthtiques Dtermination de la rsistance lclatementTraduct
3、ion anglaise de DIN EN 14151:2010-11www.beuth.deDocument comprises pagesIn case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.1110.10 DIN EN 14151:2010-11 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword This standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/
4、TC 189 “Geosynthetics” (Secretariat: NBN, Belgium). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Textil und Textil-maschinen (Textiles and Textile Machinery Standards Committee), Working Committee NA 106-01-11 AA Geotextilien und Geokunststoffe. Attention is drawn
5、to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. DIN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 14151 June 2010 ICS 59.080.70; 91.100.50 English Version Geosynthet
6、ics - Determination of burst strength Gosynthtiques - Dtermination de la rsistance lclatement Geokunststoffe - Bestimmung der Berstdruckfestigkeit This European Standard was approved by CEN on 12 May 2010. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the
7、conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in
8、 three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies
9、 of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingd
10、om. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 14151:2010: EEN 1415
11、1:2010 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 31 Scope 42 Normative references 43 Terms and definitions .44 Principle 45 Apparatus .45.1 General 45.2 Cell 55.3 Deflection measurement .55.4 Pressure measurement .65.5 Volume control .66 Specimens 67 Conditioning .68 Procedure .68.1 General 68.2 Volume control .
12、78.3 Diaphragm correction .79 Calculations 710 Test report 9Bibliography . 10DIN EN 14151:2010-11 EN 14151:2010 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 14151:2010) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 189 “Geosynthetics”, the secretariat of which is held by NBN. This European Standard shall be g
13、iven the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2010, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2010. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document
14、 may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal
15、 Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembour
16、g, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. DIN EN 14151:2010-11 EN 14151:2010 (E) 4 1 Scope This European Standard specifies a method for the determination of bi-axial properties (burst strength) of geosynthetics.
17、This method applies to geotextiles, geosynthetic barriers and their related products. It applies to clay geosynthetic barriers only when tested in dry conditions. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, o
18、nly the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN ISO 10318:2005, Geosynthetics Terms and definitions (ISO 10318:2005) ISO 554, Standard atmospheres for conditioning and/or testing Specifications 3 Terms and de
19、finitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 10318:2005 apply. 4 Principle A circular specimen, clamped around its edge, is subjected to a gradually increasing normal hydraulic stress, with a constant rate of increase of volume, until rupture occurs. The mai
20、n parameters measured during the test are the hydraulic pressure under the specimen and the deflection of the specimen. For geotextiles, dry clay geosynthetic barriers and products with apertures, e.g. geogrids, it is necessary to use an appropriately thin, impermeable and deformable membrane (diaph
21、ragm) under the specimen. If any composite material comprises an impermeable layer it is not necessary to use a diaphragm in the tests. 5 Apparatus 5.1 General The equipment is composed of: a test cell with two parts; a deflection measuring device; a pressure measuring device; a means of controlling
22、 flow rate An example is shown in Figure 1. DIN EN 14151:2010-11 EN 14151:2010 (E) 5 Dimensions in millimetres Key 1 air 2 pneumatic servovalve 3 computer 4 displacement sensor 5 water vessel 6 specimen 7 clamping ring 8 pressure transducer 9 base Figure 1 Example of testing apparatus 5.2 Cell The c
23、ell is composed of a base and a clamping ring. The inner diameter (D) of the ring, shall be (200 2) mm. This diameter is the effective diameter of the tested specimen. The lower inner edge of the clamping ring shall be rounded (approximately a 3 mm radius). The bottom (base) of the cell, maintained
24、horizontally, can be either flat or recessed with a liquid inlet at its centre. The cell shall be designed so that no essential deformation occurs under the applied pressure. The clamping device shall be designed in order to avoid any slippage of the specimen during the test. Clamping shall not dama
25、ge the specimen. 5.3 Deflection measurement The deflection of the centre of the specimen is measured with a deflection measuring device. Any measuring method meeting the following criteria is acceptable: ability to measure deflection up to the diameter of the cell; DIN EN 14151:2010-11 EN 14151:2010
26、 (E) 6 an accuracy of 0,5 mm; creation of negligible stress on the specimen. This measurement is used to calculate the deformation of the specimen. 5.4 Pressure measurement A pressure measuring device with an accuracy of 1 % shall be used to measure the liquid pressure in the cell. The temperature o
27、f the liquid shall be (20 2) C and shall be maintained constant during the test. 5.5 Volume control The equipment shall allow control of the incoming liquid flow. 6 Specimens Five specimens shall be cut from the test sample. They shall be clean and without any visible defects. Clay geosynthetic barr
28、iers may only be tested in dry condition. NOTE If the surface of the specimen is rough, it can be necessary to smooth the clamping area in order to ensure a perfect seal. 7 Conditioning The test specimens shall be conditioned and the test performed in the standard atmosphere for testing as defined i
29、n ISO 554 (20 2) C and (65 5) % relative humidity). The specimens can be considered to have been conditioned when the change in mass in successive weightings made at intervals of not less than 2 h does not exceed 0,25 % of the mass of the test specimen. Conditioning and/or testing in standard atmosp
30、here may only be omitted when it can be shown that results obtained for the same specific type of product (both structure and polymer type) are not affected by changes in temperature and humidity exceeding the limits. 8 Procedure 8.1 General If the cell is not flat, fill the base up to its flange wi
31、th liquid. Put the specimen on the base of the cell and, if necessary, put the thin membrane (diaphragm) under it. NOTE The mechanical properties of the thin membrane in theory should not affect the measurements. Its bi-axial mechanical strength should be negligible compared with the tested geosynth
32、etic. However, the influence of the membrane should be taken into account for calculations. If the cell is flat, apply a little vacuum under the specimen before clamping. Place the deflection measuring device in the centre of the specimen. If the specimen is not flat, the zero deflection is determin
33、ed by the level of the lower face of the clamping ring. Non-spherical or non-symmetrical deformation, e.g. as it occurs with anisotropic materials, shall be reported. DIN EN 14151:2010-11 EN 14151:2010 (E) 7 The test is not valid if the specimen breaks at the edge of the clamping ring. 8.2 Volume co
34、ntrol The test is conducted with an incoming liquid flow rate of 3 cm3/s. Ensure no slippage or fluid leakage has occurred around the perimeter of the clamp. 8.3 Diaphragm correction With the same rate of liquid flow as employed in the tests, distend the diaphragm (without the presence of the specim
35、en) and note the pressure required to distend it by an amount equal to the average distension of the specimens. This pressure is the “diaphragm correction”. 9 Calculations Strain and stress calculations are based on the following assumptions (see also Figure 2): spherical deformation; constant and u
36、niform thickness of the specimen. Geometrical considerations lead to: HDH24+22(1) where D is the inner diameter of the cell (in m); H is the deflection of the specimen at the centre (in m); R is the radius of the sphere (in m); =RHRArccos (2) where H is the deflection of the specimen at the centre p
37、oint (in m); R is the radius of the sphere (in m); is the half-angle of the portion of circle (in radians). The strain is: DIN EN 14151:2010-11 R=EN 14151:2010 (E) 8 = 12100DR (3) where is the strain (in %); D is the inner diameter of the cell (in m); R is the radius of the sphere (in m); is the hal
38、f-angle of the portion of circle (in radians). The stress in the specimen is: ePR2= (4) where is the stress (in kPa); e is the initial thickness of the specimen (in m); P is the pressure under the specimen (kPa). NOTE Where a diaphragm has been used in the tests, P should be the recorded pressure mi
39、nus the diaphragm correction. Key H deflection of the centre point, in metres half-angle of the position o f circle, in radians R radius of the sphere, in metres D inner diameter of the cell, in metres Figure 2 Measurements and geometrical considerations DIN EN 14151:2010-11 EN 14151:2010 (E) 9 10 T
40、est report The test report shall include the following information: a) the number and year of publication of this European Standard; b) if applicable, the description of the impermeable material (diaphragm) used, and the diaphragm correction; c) the identification of the sample, date of receipt and
41、date of testing; d) the thickness of the specimen; e) the side placed in contact with the fluid (if any visible difference); f) the fluid temperature; g) mean values and standard deviations of stress and strain at rupture; h) any observations made during the test (such as shape of the deformation);
42、i) any deviation from this procedure. DIN EN 14151:2010-11 EN 14151:2010 (E) 10 Bibliography 1 EN 1849-1, Flexible sheets for waterproofing Determination of thickness and mass per unit area Part 1: Bitumen sheets for roof waterproofing 2 EN 1849-2, Flexible sheets for waterproofing Determination of
43、thickness and mass per unit area Part 2: Plastic and rubber sheets 3 EN ISO 9863-1, Geosynthetics Determination of thickness at specified pressures Part 1: Single layers (ISO 9863-1:2005) 4 EN ISO 9863-2, Geotextiles and geotextile-related products Determination of thickness at specified pressures Part 2: Procedure for determination of thickness of single layers of multilayer products (ISO 9863-2:1996) DIN EN 14151:2010-11
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