1、February 2010 Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 14No part of this m ay bereprodu cedwith outp riorpermiss ionofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 53.020.20
2、!$-“1571088www.din.deDDIN EN 14238Cranes Manually controlled load manipulating devices (includes Amendment A1:2009)English of DIN EN 14238: 2010-02Krane Handgefhrte Manipulatoren (enthlt nderung A1:2009)Englische bersetzung von DIN EN 14238:2010-02Appareils de levage charge suspendue Manipulateurs d
3、e charge contrle manuel (Amendement A1:2009 inclus)DIN EN 14238:2010-02SupersedesDIN EN 14238:2004-10www.beuth.deDocument comprises pagesIn case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.32translationTraduction anglaise de02.10translationDIN EN 14238:2010-02 A comma is
4、 used as the decimal marker. Start of validity This standard takes effect on 1 February 2010. National foreword This standard includes safety requirements. This standard has been prepared by CEN/TC 147 “Cranes Safety” (Secretariat: BSI, United Kingdom). The responsible German body involved in its pr
5、eparation was the Normenausschuss Maschinenbau (Mechanical Engineering Standards Committee), Steering Group CEN/TC 147 ISO/TC 96 Krane. Amendment of the EU Machinery Directive has made it necessary to update the previous edition, EN 14238:2004, to take into account the essential requirements of the
6、new EU Machinery Directive, 2006/42/EC. This standard contains specifications meeting the essential requirements set out in Annex I of the “Machinery Directive”, Directive 98/37/EC, (valid until28 December 2009) and the “revised Machinery Directive”, Directive 2006/42/EC, which takes effect on 29 De
7、cember 2009, and which apply to cranes that are either first placed on the market or commissioned within the EEA. This standard serves to facilitate proof of compliance with the essential requirements of the directives. Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union, it is
8、 deemed a “harmonized” standard and thus, a manufacturer applying this standard may assume compliance with the requirements of the Machinery Directive (“presumption of conformity”). It should be noted that the term “crane“ as in this standard includes all machines for cyclic lifting, or cyclic lifti
9、ng and handling, of loads suspended on hooks or other load lifting attachments. This means that this standard applies to all other equipment, such as winches, which meets this definition. The European Standards referred to in clause 2 and the bibliography of this document have been published as the
10、corresponding DIN EN or DIN EN ISO Standards with the same number. Amendments This standard differs from DIN EN 14238:2004-10 as follows: a) EN 1070 has been superseded by EN ISO 12100. b) Clauses 7.2, A.7, A.8 and A.9 have been modified. c) Subclause 7.3.1.1 “Manipulator” has been modified with reg
11、ard to details of the year of construction. d) Annex ZA (informative) “Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC” has been updated. e) Annex ZB (informative) “Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Di
12、rective 2006/42/EC” has been included. Previous editions DIN EN 14238: 2004-10 2 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 14238:2004+A1 August 2009 ICS 53.020.20 Supersedes EN 14238:2004English Version Cranes Manually controlled load manipulating devices Appareils de levage charge suspen
13、due Manipulateurs de charge contrle manuel Krane Handgefhrte Manipulatoren This European Standard was approved by CEN on 21 May 2004 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 16 July 2009. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for
14、giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official
15、 versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Bel
16、gium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR
17、STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2009 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 14238:2004+A1:2009: EEN 14238:2004+A1:2009 (E)
18、Contents Foreword 3Introduction .41 Scope 52 Normative references 53 Terms and definitions .64 List of significant hazards 95 Safety requirements and/or protective measures . 116 Verification of the safety requirements and/or measures 187 Information for use . 21Annex A (normative) Noise test code .
19、 24Annex B (informative) Selection of suitable set of crane standards for a given application . 27Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC, amended by Directive 98/79/EC . 28Annex ZB (informative) !Relationship between
20、 this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/CE“ 29Bibliography . 302Page DIN EN 14238:2010-02 EN 14238:2004+A1:2009 (E) Foreword This document (EN 14238:2004+A1:2009) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 147 “Cranes - Safety”, the secretariat of which is
21、 held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2010, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 2010. Attention is drawn to the possibi
22、lity that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document includes Amendment 1, approved by CEN on 2009-07-16. This document supersedes EN 14238:2004. The start an
23、d finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags !“. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). !For relationship with EU
24、Directive(s), see informative Annexes ZA and ZB, which are integral parts of this document.“ According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Rep
25、ublic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. 3DIN EN 14238:2010-02 EN 14238:2004+A1:2009 (E) Introd
26、uction This document is a harmonized standard to provide one means for manually controlled load manipulating devices to conform to the essential health and safety requirements of the Machinery Directive, as amended. This document is a type C standard as stated in !EN ISO 12100“. The machinery concer
27、ned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and events are covered are indicated in the scope of this document. When provisions of this type C document are different from those are stated in type A or B documents, the provisions of this type C document take precedence over the provisio
28、n of the other documents, for machines that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this type C document. 4DIN EN 14238:2010-02 EN 14238:2004+A1:2009 (E) 1 Scope This document specifies requirements for manually controlled load manipulating devices (herein referred to as manipula
29、tors), powered by an energy other than human energy, to assist an operator in the handling of loads. This document does not cover: mechanically operated balancers that are based on springs or counterweights; manipulating robots; This document does not cover hazards related to the lifting of persons.
30、 This document does not establish the additional requirements for: operation in severe conditions (e.g. extreme environmental conditions such as : freezer applications, high temperatures, corrosive environment, strong magnetic fields); operation subject to special rules; handling of loads the nature
31、 of which could lead to dangerous situations (e.g. molten metal, acids/alkalies, radiating materials, specially brittle loads); hazards occurring during construction, transportation, decommissioning and disposal. The significant hazards covered by this document are identified in Clause 4. For hazard
32、s that are not significant, EN ISO 12100-2 applies. This document is applicable to manipulators which are manufactured after the date of approval by CEN of this standard. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated refer
33、ences, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 294, Safety of machinery Safety distances to prevent danger zones being reached by the upper limbs EN 349, Safety of machinery Minimum gaps to avoid cru
34、shing of parts of the human body EN 811, Safety of machinery Safety distances to prevent danger zones being reached by the lower limbs EN 982, Safety of machinery Safety requirements for fluid power systems and their components Hydraulics EN 983, Safety of machinery Safety requirements for fluid pow
35、er systems and their components Pneumatics EN 1050:1996, Safety of machinery Principles for risk assessment !deleted text“ EN 12077-2, Cranes safety Requirements for health and safety Limiting and indicating devices 5DIN EN 14238:2010-02 EN 14238:2004+A1:2009 (E) EN 12644-1, Cranes Information for u
36、se and testing Part 1: Instructions EN 13001-1, Cranes General design Part 1: General principles and requirements EN 13001-2, Cranes General design Part 2: Load effects EN 13155:2003, Cranes Safety Non-fixed load lifting attachments EN 13557, Cranes Controls and control stations prEN 14492-2:2002, C
37、ranes Power driven winches and hoists Part 2: Power driven hoists EN 60204-32, Safety of machinery Electrical equipment of machines Part 32: Requirements for hoisting machines (ISO 60204-32:1998) EN ISO 3744:1995, Acoustics Determination of sound power levels of noise sources using sound pressure En
38、gineering method in an essentially free field over a reflecting plane (ISO 3744:1994) EN ISO 3746:1995, Acoustics Determination of sound power levels of noise sources using sound pressure Survey method using an enveloping measurement surface over a reflecting plane (ISO 3746:1995) EN ISO 4871:1996,
39、Acoustics Declaration and verification of noise emission values of machinery and equipment (ISO 4871:1996) EN ISO 11201:1995, Acoustics Noise emitted by machinery and equipment Measurement of emission sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions Engineering method in an e
40、ssentially free field over a reflecting plane (ISO 11201:1995) EN ISO 11202:1995, Acoustics Noise emitted by machinery and equipment Measurement of emission sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions Survey method in situ (ISO 11202:1995) EN ISO 11688-1, Acoustics Recom
41、mended practice for the design of low-noise machinery and equipment Part 1: Planning (ISO/TR 11688-1:1998) EN ISO 12100-1:2003, Safety of machinery Basic concepts, general principles for design Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology (ISO 12100-1:2003) EN ISO 12100-2:2003, Safety of machinery Basic c
42、oncepts, general principles for design Part 2: Technical principles (ISO 12100-2:2003) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in !EN ISO 12100-1:2003“ and the following definitions apply. 3.1 operator person using the manipulator 6DIN EN 14238:2010
43、-02 EN 14238:2004+A1:2009 (E) adhesion (suction pads, magnets etc.); gripping (clamps etc.); mechanical connection (hooks, forks, C-hooks, etc.). 3.3 balancing of a load condition when a load is submitted to a vertical upward force equal to its weight and where additional external force is required
44、to change the position of the load 3.4 control actuating device which forms an interface between the operator and the manipulator control system 3.5 drift uncontrolled and unintended movement of the manipulator and / or load 3.6 manipulator powered machine, where the operator has to be in contact wi
45、th the load or holding device, in order to guide and/or control the motion of the load to bring it to a position in space. Manipulators include 3 basic functional elements: the load holding device; devices to move and place the load in space; the supporting structure NOTE Examples of manipulator sys
46、tems are shown in Figure 1. 3.7 supporting structure all parts of the manipulator that are affected by the force of the suspended load 3.8 working load limit (WLL) Maximum load that the manipulator is designed to handle under specified operating conditions, e.g. characteristics of the load (e.g. sha
47、pe, material), gripping points, configuration 3.2 load holding device device to pick up and hold the load. An interchangeable load holding device is a device that can be changed by the operator NOTE Load holding can be achieved for instance by: 7DIN EN 14238:2010-02 EN 14238:2004+A1:2009 (E) 1. Over
48、head mounted system 2. Floor mounted system 3. Floor mounted system with articulation 4. Vacuum lifting tube manipulator 5. Winch or hoist driven manipulator 6. Telescopic manipulator 7. Stand alone manipulator Permanently installed 8. Stand alone manipulator Moveable 9. Stand alone manipulator Mobi
49、le Manipulating device Load 1 to 3: examples of supporting systems for horizontal motion; 4 to 6: examples of manipulating devices that can be suspended from supporting systems shown in 1 to 3; 7 to 9: examples of stand-alone manipulators. Figure 1 - Examples of manipulators systems 8DIN EN 14238:2010-02 EN 14238:2004+A1:2009 (E) 4 List of significant hazards Tables 1, 2 and 3 show a list of significant ha
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